BW Academic Journal

WORKERS SOLIDARITY AND INDUSTRIAL GOAL ATTAINMENT OF OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

Dr. N. A. Agabe, Nwibani, Cyril Gohbari — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between workers' solidarity and industrial goal attainment within oil servicing firms operating in Rivers State, Nigeria. The research specifically investigated the connections between mutual support and workforce stability, as well as between shared values and profitability. The study was anchored on Social Exchange Theory. A correlational survey design was employed, with data collected via questionnaire from 102 managers and supervisors across 17 registered firms. The data were analysed using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The results revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between mutual support and workforce stability, indicating that greater cooperation among employees is associated with higher retention and commitment. Furthermore, a strong and significant positive relationship was found between shared values and profitability, suggesting that alignment of employee and organizational values enhances financial performance. These findings underscore the critical role of social dynamics, such as solidarity, in achieving key industrial objectives within the high-risk and technically demanding context of the oil servicing sector. The study concludes that fostering mutual support and shared values among workers is instrumental for improving workforce stability and profitability, thereby contributing to the overall goal attainment of firms. It was recommended among others that oil servicing firms should implement team-building programs and peer-support initiatives to strengthen mutual support among employees, thereby enhancing workforce stability.

TRADE UNION DYNAMICS AND INDUSTRIAL PEACE OF OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Dr. N. A. Agabe, Ebiye Agu Ogoli — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research explored the dynamics of trade unions and the level of industrial harmony in oil
servicing companies located in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim was to analyze the connection between
various aspects of trade union dynamics and indicators of industrial peace. This study was based on
the principles of Social Exchange Theory. A correlational survey approach was utilized for the
research, gathering data from 161 supervisors and managers in 22 different companies through a
carefully designed questionnaire. To evaluate the hypotheses, Spearman’s rank-order correlation
analysis was implemented. The findings indicated a statistically significant but weak positive
correlation between digital involvement and fair pay. Additionally, a robust and statistically
significant positive relationship was identified between clear communication and trust between
parties. The results suggest that the use of digital technologies somewhat enhances perceptions of
fair wages, while transparent communication is essential in fostering trust within labor and
management relationships. It was determined that improving these specific practices related to
unions can significantly aid in achieving industrial tranquility in the industry. The research suggested
that oil servicing companies should enhance their digital engagement frameworks to increase
transparency and encourage more equitable practices in remuneration

IMPACT OF GREEN MARKETING STRATEGIES ON CONSUMER TRUST IN SOLAR ENERGY ADOPTION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Dr. Tom, Charles Miyene, Dr. Nwankwo Greg Chigemecha — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study on green marketing strategies and consumer trust in solar energy adoption in Rivers State employs a quantitative research design, using a survey approach to collect data from residential solar energy users and business owners who have adopted solar energy solutions. Three research questions were posed and three hypotheses tested. The population size consist of 5,500, comprising 2,500 residential solar energy users and 3,000 business owners. A sample size of 357 participants was selected using Taro Yamane formula, and a stratified random sampling technique was employed to select participants from the population, dividing them into two strata: residential solar energy users and business owners. Participants were randomly selected from each stratum using a random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, divided into sections to capture information on demographic characteristics, green marketing strategies, consumer trust, and solar energy adoption. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation while hypothesis were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) at 0.05 significant. The findings from the analysis reveal that green marketing strategies, such as highlighting eco-friendly benefits, promoting environmental responsibility, and creating a green brand identity, significantly influence consumer trust and loyalty towards solar energy products. It was concluded that green marketing strategies influence on consumer trust in solar energy adoption in Rivers State is to a high extent. The study therefore recommends that solar energy marketers should highlight the eco-friendly benefits of their products and services to appeal to consumers who prioritize environmental sustainability.

ASSESSMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE TEACHERS AND STUDENTS’ CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE OF GLOBAL WARMING IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

Obioha Chinomnso Nkechinyere (PhD),, Gamnjoh Dennis Deya, Ndong Precilia — Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The research focused on secondary school science teachers and students’ knowledge of global warming in Jalingo education zone of Taraba State, Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design. The study population comprised of 2896 secondary school students and 899 secondary school teachers in Jalingo Education Zone of Taraba State. Kreycie Morgan table of sample determination was used to sample 340 senior secondary school students and 269 secondary school teachers. Thirty four (34) secondary school students were selected from 10 secondary schools each using random stratified technique. Secondary School Students and Teachers’ Knowledge on Global Warming Questionnaire (SSTKGQ) was used for the study. The instruments were validated by three experts. Two from Science Education Department and one from Measurement and Evaluation. The instrument was subjected to reliability test using Cronbach Alpha statistics. A reliability index of 0.84 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while independent sample test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that both students and teachers of secondary schools have knowledge about global warming, there is a significant difference in knowledge about global warming among secondary
school teachers and Students based on gender. It was recommended that Based on the findings of this study, government should integrate climate education into school curriculum and promote gender responsive climate training for teachers.

Conceptualizing The Pros and Cons of Virtual Training and Development in Organisations

Ekesiba, Charity Chibueze, Otishi, Ethel Sunny — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The advent of Covid-19 pandemic has forced various organizations to embrace different technologies in a way that there is a remarkable shift from the traditional methods of training and development. The traditional methods of training and development have been revolutionised by virtual means through the aid of various technologies. Overtime state-owned institutions have embraced virtual training and development which is one of the Human Resource Management practices and academia in an attempt to catch up with the trends have also embarked on divers academic exercises through virtual processes. The basic notion of the term training and development is to improve the knowledge, ability, skills, and competencies amongst employees which eventually leads to better-quality of job performance and achievement of orgnisational goals. It is also known as computer-based training, and development, remote learning, and e-learning, an instruction that takes place entirely on the internet. The virtual or online platform contains many multimedia components, including images, audio, video, and web links. People do online training courses, particularly those given by international institutions, making online training more popular and widely used. Virtual learning, often known as remote learning or online education, provides students/employees with the opportunity to learn at their own pace while also allowing companies to encourage employee growth. These technological advances have triggered a substantial shift in the business sector in current ages. However, this modification did not just disrupt the tools and processes adopted by businesses, nevertheless the method employees learn and make use of new data was also affected. In the traditional methods of training and development there is frequently deficit of the rate of change and the fluctuating desires amongst members of the workforce. To tackle this challenge, virtual training provides employees with the opportunity to discover real-life locations, work into different scenarios, bring their skills, abilities to bear and by so doing bridging the gap between practical application and theory. Virtual training and development have guaranteed the collaboration and interconnectivity of the workforce irrespective of their geographical locations. Golden (2021), in a study showed that approximately 85% of learning and development functions at PepsiCo had moved to virtual training platforms as at July 2020 and had remain in the training of workforce. Meaning that Virtual training and development has come to stay in organisations and all humanities.

EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE WAIST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO REDUCE PLASTIC POLLUTION IN DIOBE PORT HARCOURT RIVERS STATE

Didia Michael Uzodianya — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluated sustainable waste management strategies for reducing plastic pollution in Diobu, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The research adopted a mixed-methods design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches to obtain comprehensive insights into plastic waste generation, disposal practices, public awareness, and institutional challenges within the study area. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to residents and traders, as well as semi-structured interviews conducted with informal waste collectors and officials of the Rivers State Waste Management Agency (RIWAMA). Findings revealed high consumption of single-use plastics such as sachet water bags, polyethylene packaging, and plastic bottles, alongside limited waste segregation and low recycling rates. Indiscriminate dumping and open burning were identified as common disposal methods, contributing to clogged drainage systems, urban flooding, environmental degradation, and increased health risks. Although some informal recycling activities exist, they operate without formal support or structured integration into the municipal waste system. Major barriers to sustainable plastic waste management include inadequate infrastructure, weak policy enforcement, limited public awareness, and financial constraints. The study concludes that effective reduction of plastic pollution in Diobu requires a multi-stakeholder approach anchored on the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), community-based waste segregation, integration of informal waste actors, enforcement of environmental regulations, and adoption of circular economy models. The research provides practical recommendations aimed at promoting environmentally sound, economically viable, and socially inclusive waste management practices in urban Nigeria.

COMPETITIVE COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES AND INFORMATION MANAGERS’ PERFORMANCE IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determines the relationship between wages and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between compensation techniques and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes competitive wages to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively, relate interpersonally, and as well as manage records effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

ANTI-CRISIS INNOVATION STRATEGY AND SUSTAINABLE MARKETING ORIENTATION OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS OPERATING IN PORT HARCOURT.

Dr. Hart, Emilia Tamunoipirisa, Dr. Nne Kenneth-Adiele — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically examined the relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation of oi and gas firms in Port Harcourt. Anti-crisis innovation strategy was seen from defensiveness, aggressive, futurity, riskiness and proactiveness as a predictor variable to sustainable marketing orientation in terms of strategic integration, ethical capabilities, and social engagement. Cross sectional survey research design with correlational style to study a population of twenty-four oil and gas companies operating in Port Harcourt metropolises. The entire population was adopted as sample size for the study using census sampling technique with four managerial staff each making ninety-six (96) managerial staff as respondents for the study. Ninety-six (96) copies of questionnaire were produced and distributed, out of which ninety-two (92) copies were used for the study. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test the relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation of oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt. The findings revealed different degree of positive relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation. Based on the findings, the study concluded that anti-crisis innovation strategy is vital to building sustainable marketing orientation. We recommend based on the conclusion that managers within the oil and gas companies should consider the strategic role of anti-crisis innovation strategy in their pursuit of sustainable marketing orientation.

ENHANCING UNIVERSITY LAN MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE WITH INTENTBASED NETWORKING FOR OPTIMAL EFFICIENCY

Babangida Ismaila Kamba, Dr. Musa Sule Argungu, Dr. Atiku Muslim — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

University Local Area Networks (LANs) serve as critical infrastructures supporting teaching, research, administrative services, and digital learning platforms. However, traditional LAN management approaches in many academic institutions remain manual, static, and device-centric, resulting in inefficiencies, downtime, limited scalability, and increased administrative overhead. This study investigates the application of Intent-Based Networking (IBN) as an intelligent and policy-drivenapproach to enhancing university LAN management and performance for optimal efficiency. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining quantitative network performance evaluation with qualitative survey data collected from ICT personnel. A simulated hierarchical campus LAN was implemented using Cisco Packet Tracer and automation scripts to model intent translation and policy enforcement. Performance metrics including latency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, fault recovery time, and policy consistency were evaluated. Results indicate improved packet delivery efficiency (93.13%), reduced latency across traffic types, enhanced fault tolerance,
and consistent policy enforcement with minimal manual intervention. Survey findings further reveal strong institutional readiness and high awareness of IBN among IT staff. The study concludes that Intent-Based Networking provides a scalable and intelligent framework capable of addressing operational limitations of traditional university LANs and recommends phased adoption strategies for educational institutions.

REVOLUTIONISING NEW VENTURE CREATION: THE CATALYST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING

Isaac Amaobi Anukam,, Eche Otakwu — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose. This study explores the role of entrepreneurial marketing in new venture creation and opportunity identification, moving beyond traditional marketing approaches. Objective. The objective is to investigate how entrepreneurial marketing strategies and practices contribute to successful new venture creation and opportunity identification. Methodology. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. In-depth interviews with entrepreneurs and surveys of new ventures were conducted to gather insights into entrepreneurial marketing practices. Findings. The study reveals that entrepreneurial marketing plays a crucial role in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Key findings highlight the importance of proactive market scanning, innovative marketing strategies, and adaptive entrepreneurial behaviours in driving new venture success. Originality. This research contributes to the entrepreneurial marketing literature by providing new insights into the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Implications. The study's findings have implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and educators, highlighting the need for entrepreneurial marketing education and training programs that foster innovative marketing strategies and opportunity identification skills. Recommendations. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for entrepreneurs to adopt proactive and adaptive entrepreneurial marketing strategies, and for educators to integrate entrepreneurial marketing into their curricula. Future research directions are also suggested, including investigating the impact of digital marketing on entrepreneurial marketing practices.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

EZENWAJI, Uju Arinze, OBOMA, Nathan, PhD, ONUNWOR, Allwell Azubuike, PhD — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between Decision Support System (DSS) and human resource management practices, specifically E-Human Resource Planning (E-HRP) and E-Performance Appraisal (E-PA), in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Adopting an explanatory survey research design, data were collected from 123 respondents drawn from Access Bank Plc, Guaranty Trust Bank Plc, and United Bank for Africa Plc via structured questionnaires. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing using SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed significant positive relationships between DSS and E-Human Resource Planning (r = 0.755, p < 0.05) and between DSS and E-Performance Appraisal (r = 0.571, p < 0.05). The study concluded that DSS constitutes a critical enabler of advanced human resource management practices in the banking sector. Banks are recommended to invest in robust DSS infrastructure and build HR professionals' capacity to leverage decision analytics for strategic workforce planning and objective performance evaluation.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR ON SALES PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN THE CATERING INDUSTRY IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Joshua-Dauda Promise Nkeiru, Muhammed Modibbo Buba, PhD — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of entrepreneurial behaviour on the sales performance of women entrepreneurs in the catering industry in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study had three specific purposes, three research questions and three corresponding null hypotheses guided the inquiry. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was adopted. The population comprised 29,015 registered women entrepreneurs in catering services across the 21 local government areas in Adamawa State. A sample of 395 women, drawn from four selected local government areas, was used. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Entrepreneurial Behaviour, Digital Skills and Sales Performance Questionnaire (EBDSSPQ).” The instrument was validated by three lecturers and achieved a reliability coefficient of 0.88 using Cronbach’s Alpha. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to answer the research questions and inferential statistics (simple regression) to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The results show that innovation (cluster mean = 3.23, SD = 1.34), risk-taking (grand mean = 3.19, SD = 1.33), and self-confidence (cluster mean = 3.21, SD = 1.34) were all moderately practiced and each significantly influenced sales performance. Regression analysis revealed strong positive influences: innovation (β = 0.874, t = 33.056, p < 0.05), risk-taking (β = 0.455, t = 9.381, p < 0.05), and self-confidence (β = 0.649, t = 15.679, p < 0.05). The study concludes that strengthening entrepreneurial behaviours is essential for the sustained growth and competitiveness of women-owned catering businesses. It recommends capacity-building programs focused on innovative product design, risk assessment, and enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

RURAL PLANNING IN NIGERIA: OPINION ON MAXIMIZING OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROWTH.

Clarke Tarelayefa — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the role of rural planning in maximizing opportunities for socio economic growth in Nigeria. Despite the availability of natural resources and human capital in rural areas, these regions remain underdeveloped due to poor infrastructure, limited access to finance, weak policy implementation, and inadequate stakeholder coordination. The study adopts relevant theoretical perspectives, including the Sustainable Livelihood Theory and Growth Pole Theory, to explain how proper planning and resource utilization can improve rural development outcomes. Empirical evidence from recent studies shows that investment in infrastructure, financial inclusion, entrepreneurship, and human capital development can significantly enhance productivity and reduce poverty in rural communities. The study further identifies key opportunities such as agriculture, agro processing, digital technology, and local enterprises, while also highlighting practical strategies needed to maximize growth. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration among government, private sector, development agencies, and local communities in achieving sustainable development. The findings suggest that an integrated approach to rural planning can transform rural areas into productive centers that contribute meaningfully to national development. The study concludes that effective rural planning is essential for achieving balanced growth, reducing inequality, and improving the overall socio economic conditions in Nigeria

REVOLUTIONISING NEW VENTURE CREATION: THE CATALYST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING

Isaac Amaobi Anukam, PhD, Obuah Ikechi Israel — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose. This study explores the role of entrepreneurial marketing in new venture creation and opportunity identification, moving beyond traditional marketing approaches. Objective. The objective is to investigate how entrepreneurial marketing strategies and practices contribute to successful new venture creation and opportunity identification. Methodology. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. In-depth interviews with entrepreneurs and surveys of new ventures were conducted to gather insights into entrepreneurial marketing practices. Findings. The study reveals that entrepreneurial marketing plays a crucial role in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Key findings highlight the importance of proactive market scanning, innovative marketing strategies, and adaptive entrepreneurial behaviours in driving new venture success. Originality. This research contributes to the entrepreneurial marketing literature by providing new insights into the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Implications. The study's findings have implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and educators, highlighting the need for entrepreneurial marketing education and training programs that foster innovative marketing strategies and opportunity identification skills. Recommendations. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for entrepreneurs to adopt proactive and adaptive entrepreneurial marketing strategies, and for educators to integrate entrepreneurial marketing into their curricula. Future research directions are also suggested, including investigating the impact of digital marketing on entrepreneurial marketing practices.

EFFECTS OF JIGSAW TEACHING STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE AND MOTIVATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG UPPER BASIC II STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Felicia Omayoza Salami, Guga, A, Aliyu, A.D, Ismaila, S. — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the effects of jigsaw strategy on academic performance and motivation in Social Studies among upper basic II students in Plateau state Nigeria. Three (3) objectives formulated to guide the study were in line with research questions and hypotheses. The study adopted Quasi-experimental and descriptive research design. The target population of the study was 21879 students from which 131 students were used as sample for the study. Purposive sampled sampling technique was used to select the schools used for the study. Social Studies Performance Test (SSPT) and Social Studies Motivation Questionnaire (SSMQ) are the instruments for data collection. Pilot test was conducted and reliability coefficients .619 and .788 results were obtained. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while hypothesis one were tested with Paired sample t-test, hypothesis two uses independent sample t-test and Hypothesis three were also tested using Wilcoxon statistics. The findings revealed among others that the post-test performance of students taught Social Studies using Jigsaw strategy was higher than the pre-test performance in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). The performances of students taught Social Studies using jigsaw teaching strategy was better than and those taught using conventional method in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). It was concluded that jigsaw teaching strategies enhanced students’ academic performance and motivation in Social Studies at the Upper Basic II level in Plateau State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that curriculum planners should encourage and accommodate the use of jigsaw teaching strategy at in all levels of education. Social Studies teachers should be encouraged to use student-entered approach.

LEADING THROUGH TURBULENCE: RETHINKING ORGANISATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT FOR A VOLATILE, UNCERTAIN WORLD

Victor Barinua — Sun, 10 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Organisational leadership and change management have emerged as the most consequential competencies of the contemporary managerial era. In an environment defined by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA), traditional command-and-control leadership paradigms are yielding diminishing returns, while the pace and scale of organisational change have rendered conventional change management methodologies inadequate. This opinion paper argues that organisations must fundamentally reconceptualise both leadership and change management—not as discrete, episodic functions but as continuous, interconnected organisational capabilities. Drawing on evidence from leadership theory, organisational psychology, and practitioner research, the paper advances three arguments: that adaptive, emotionally intelligent leadership is a prerequisite for sustainable change; that resistance to change is better understood as a rational human response than an obstacle to overcome; and that effective change management requires systemic, culturally anchored approaches that transcend methodological checklists. The paper concludes with a call for practitioner-oriented leadership development that privileges reflexivity, sense-making, and relational capacity alongside technical change management competencies.

IMAGE MARKETING OF POLITICAL CANDIDATES AND VOTER ACCEPTABILITY IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA.

Ehio, Victor Nzeyele, (Ph.D) — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explored how image marketing of political candidates relates voter acceptability in the South-South region of Nigeria. The research focused on three key aspects of political image marketing—personal image, professional competence image, and ideological or policy image—and examined how they relate to major indicators of voter acceptability, including favourability or approval ratings, party identification, and voting intention. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study. Data were gathered from registered voters in the South-South geopolitical zone using a structured questionnaire. Respondents were selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure to ensure adequate representation. The data collected were analysed using the Pearson Product–Moment Correlation (PPMC) to determine the nature and strength of the relationships among the study variables. The results indicate that personal image is strongly associated with voter acceptability, particularly with voters’ intention to support candidates during elections. The findings also show that professional competence image has a significant positive relationship with favourability ratings, party identification, and voting intention, suggesting that voters tend to support candidates whom they perceive as capable, knowledgeable, and experienced in governance. In addition, the study found that ideological and policy-related image significantly contributes to voter acceptance, as voters are more inclined to support candidates whose policy positions and ideological orientation reflect their interests and expectations. Overall, the findings highlight the important role that effective image marketing plays in shaping voters’ attitudes and electoral behaviour in the South-South region of Nigeria. The study concludes that candidates who successfully project credible personal qualities, demonstrate leadership competence, and communicate clear policy positions are more likely to gain voter approval and electoral support. The study therefore recommends that political actors adopt deliberate image marketing strategies that emphasize credibility, competence, and policy clarity in order to strengthen voter confidence and democratic engagement.

ASSESSMENT OF URBAN FLOODING CAUSES AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Tarelayefa Clarke — Tue, 26 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study assessed the causes of urban flooding and the efficiency of drainage systems in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted, with 400 respondents selected from Yenagoa, Brass Town, Nembe Town and Amassoma. Data were collected using the Urban Flooding and Drainage Efficiency Questionnaire (UFDEQ) ,which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.87 using Cronbach’s Alpha and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and independent sample t-test at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that the drainage systems exhibits moderate but insufficient effectiveness in managing flooding, particularly during heavy rainfall. Poor maintenance, waste clogging and urban land-use changes were identified as key factors reducing drainage efficiency. The results further showed no significant difference in the perceptions of residents and urban planners regarding drainage system performance. The study concludes that existing drainage infrastucture is inadequate to cope with increasing flood pressures. It recommends improved maintenance practices, stricter waste management enforcement, and integration of effective drainage planning into urban development.

CONFERENCE ATTENDANCE FOR STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LIBRARY SERVICE DELIVERY IN ABIA STATE PUBLIC UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to examine the relationship between staff development through conference attendance and the provision of library service in public university libraries in Abia State, Nigeria. A correlational research design was employed in this study. The population comprised thirty-seven (37) librarians in public university libraries in Abia State and a total enumeration sampling technique was used to select the entire sample size of thirty-seven (37) librarians. Data was collected using a structured instrument titled "Conference Attendance for Staff Development and Service Delivery Questionnaire (CASDSDQ)." Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) (r) were utilized to analyze research questions 1 and 2 respectively. Regression analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance (alpha = 0.05). The study found a significant relationship between conference attendance for staff development and the delivery of library services. The findings underscore the importance of staff development programs through conference attendance in enhancing librarians' skills and service delivery in public university libraries. It is recommended that university management institutionalize comprehensive staff development initiatives, prioritizing regular opportunities for librarians to attend both local and international conferences, providing them with opportunities to explore emerging trends, innovative ideas, and best practices. The knowledge gained will enable librarians to introduce innovative ideas and improvements to library service delivery.

THE MODERATING ROLE OF CONSUMER CHARACTERISTICS ON THE INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING FEATURES ON BEVERAGE BRAND EQUITY AMONG POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS IN RIVERS STATE

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Asagba Samuel — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines how consumer characteristics moderate the influence of packaging features on beverage brand equity among postgraduate students in Rivers State, Nigeria. The global beverage industry has experienced significant transformation, with packaging playing an increasingly strategic role in brand differentiation. While previous research has established the importance of packaging in brand building, limited studies have explored the boundary conditions determining when and for whom packaging features are most effective. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 346 postgraduate students across government-owned universities in Rivers State through structured questionnaires. The study employed univariate analysis of variance to test the moderating effect of consumer characteristics on the packaging-brand equity relationship. Results revealed that packaging features—including size, weight, shape, color, and attractiveness—significantly influence consumer value judgment. The analysis demonstrated that consumer characteristics, particularly age, substantially moderate the influence of packaging features on brand equity (R² = 0.762, p < .001). The interaction effect between package design and age (F = 105.704, p < .001) was the strongest predictor, accounting for more variance than either main effect alone. Respondents aged 26-30 years showed the highest likelihood of brand differentiation based on packaging features, while those above 46 years demonstrated distinct evaluation patterns. The study concludes that brand differentiation success depends on the strategic match between packaging design and target consumer characteristics. Beverage companies should develop age-targeted packaging strategies to maximize brand recognition and equity in competitive markets.

INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL OWNERSHIP ON STUDENTS' ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Amarachi Cynthia INEYE-BRIGGS, Ph.D — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of school ownership on students' academic performance in secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was guided by three objectives, three research questions, and one null hypothesis. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 18,640 principals and teachers in 472 secondary schools in Rivers State, consisting of 274 public schools, 134 private schools, and 64 mission schools. A sample of 325 respondents was selected using multi-stage and stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a researcher-developed instrument titled School Ownership and Academic Performance Questionnaire (SOAPQ). The instrument was validated by experts in Educational Management and Measurement and Evaluation, while a Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffé post-hoc test were used to test the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that public schools had a low influence on students' academic performance, whereas private schools and mission schools exerted positive influences, with mission schools recording the highest influence and a statistically significant difference in the mean ratings across school ownership categories, and the post-hoc test confirmed that all three pairwise comparisons were significant, with mission schools outperforming both private and public schools. The study concluded that school ownership is a significant determinant of students' academic performance in secondary schools in Rivers State, with mission schools demonstrating the most positive influence. The study recommends increased government funding and teacher capacity development in public schools, the sustenance of institutional discipline and moral formation in mission schools, and the enhancement of professional development practices in private schools to ensure equitable and improved academic outcomes across all ownership categories in Rivers State.

UNDERSTANDING THE POLICY GAPS IN IMPLEMENTING DISABILITY RIGHTS FOR ACCESS TO EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA

Hassan Isah Danrimi, Gonet, Mathew Gonsur, Nenrot Victor Gomwalk (Ph.D) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

People with disabilities are considered as apart the vulnerable groups, for they could be described as people having either, physical, mental, intellectual or sensory limitations in the process of interaction with various daily activities or chores due to their kind of challenges. These constraints hinder their full and effective participation in the society on equal basis with the so-called normal persons. The paper highlighted some of the backing laws that support people with disabilities, and their endeavors to, access equal educational and employment rights in our societies. The paper also recommends that government and stakeholders should ensure that people living with disabilities enjoy the rights to socio-economic participation, educational integration and equalization in employment opportunities for them to live independently in the society, avoid the menace of street begging, dependency on others and become respected, and to be party in societal and national contributors in economic, educational, and political development.

DETERMINANTS OF DIETARY PRACTICES AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STAFF IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Mahcit Margaret Kazi, Gavou T. Pam, Prof. Larai A. Keswet — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the determinants of dietary practices among male university staff in Plateau State, Nigeria. The increasing burden of nutrition-related diseases among working adults has heightened the need to understand the factors that influence dietary behaviour. The study examined the influence of occupational, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and environmental factors on dietary practices among male university staff. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised male academic and non-academic staff in selected universities in Plateau State. A sample of 350 respondents was selected through a multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled Determinants of Dietary Practices Questionnaire (DDPQ). The instrument was validated by experts and yielded a Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84. Data were analysed using mean scores, standard deviations, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that occupational factors, socioeconomic conditions, lifestyle characteristics, and environmental factors significantly influence dietary practices among male university staff. The study concluded that dietary behaviour among university staff is shaped by multiple interrelated factors operating at individual, organizational, and environmental levels. It was recommended that universities strengthen workplace nutrition education, improve access to healthy food options, and implement staff wellness programmes that promote healthy lifestyles.

HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH IN AFRICA

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Historically, the African continent seems to be in a state of flux because of the increasingly social and political disorder which manifests in various conflicts spread across Africa (Akinola, 2021; Uka, 2020). It is becoming quite glaring that the problems of Africa stem from underdevelopment of the continent (Mkandawire, 2018). Most of Africa is in abject poverty, widespread unemployment, corruption and bribery are fast becoming a survival strategy; value systems are misplaced; unrest and war are widespread phenomenon in many areas (Collier, 2019; Ayeni, 2022). The causes of African problems are multi-dimensional and the solutions may be sought and found in the many dedicated development researches in the social and political spheres (Adepoju, 2020). Development research in Africa, among other things, should help Africans to understand and control their position in global affairs, and find the basis for strengthened value systems, as well as the means to reach those ends that will provide for progress of the economies; so as to guarantee future development for Africa (Okafor, 2021). History has shown that democracy and development are intertwined, because while democracy carries a legacy of ideas and techniques as a basic form of government where political power is ultimately in the hands of the whole adult population; development, on the other hand, is much more than economic growth because it is the creation, sustenance and the maximization of opportunities for the attainment of full and satisfying life for every citizen (Gyimah-Boadi, 2017). History is concerned with the analysis and explanation of events as they occurred in society. History is used as a weapon of social criticism and reconstruction, in the light of fresh development and new ideas (Adediran, 2003; Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2018). The work of the historian, though influenced by the general educational and social standards of the society, has relevance for the development of the society. Democratic ideas lead to the formation of the right opinion and forge the freedom of association and movement. Development is the progressive unfolding of the inner potentialities of a given reality. Hence, Africa will progress if attempts are made in the socio-cultural, historical, moral, religious, intellectual, spiritual, political, economic, scientific and technological spheres to enhance development initiatives (Akinola, 2021; Mkandawire, 2018). This paper provides a historical perspective of Africa's underdevelopment and analyses the effect of this on the stagnant nature of development in the continent. The paper establishes a relationship between history and the development process of the continent, and proposes a multi-dimensional approach to development research. The paper views this process as particularly important for Africa in view of the transition from dictatorship to democratic governance in the continent (Gyimah-Boadi, 2017).

ENTREPRENEURIAL PROACTIVENESS AND COMPETITIVENESS OF QUOTED FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS IN NIGERIA

Lebari Blessing Nwikinaka, Queeneth Namum Ofori , Gabriel A. Okwandu — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Entrepreneurial proactiveness has been widely recognized as a driver of firm competitiveness, yet empirical evidence in the Nigerian fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector remains limited. This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and competitiveness among quoted FMCG firms in Nigeria, with competitiveness assessed through differentiation, cost leadership, and market focus strategies. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, covering all sixteen (16) quoted FMCG firms. Using a census approach, four managerial respondents - general, marketing, production, and research and innovation managers - were selected from each firm, yielding sixty-four (64) participants. Primary data were collected via a structured five-point Likert scale questionnaire, and hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation with SPSS Version 23.0. Results revealed a significant positive association between entrepreneurial proactiveness and competitiveness, indicating that proactive firms are better positioned to achieve strategic advantage. The study concludes that entrepreneurial proactiveness enhances competitiveness and recommends that Nigerian FMCG firms institutionalize dynamic marketing information systems to continuously monitor environmental changes and exploit emerging opportunities.

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION: EDUCATION IN VISUAL, MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND FOR AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Research and innovation are complex processes and are key concepts to the realization of Africa's development objectives. Over the years, emphasis has been placed on science and technology, to the abject neglect of arts and the social sciences in educational planning in Africa of recent. This paper appraises the importance of Arts and Social Science education in Africa and criticizes the lack of emphasis on Arts and Social Science education. The paper notes that educational policy, especially in Nigeria has been lopsided in favor of science and technology, which is an anomaly in educational planning. This paper advances reasons why education should be holistic, integrative and multi-dimensional and gives suggestions for a new outlook and direction in educational policy formulation in Africa in the twenty-first century. The paper begins with a clarification of concepts, reviews the existing trend in the educational policy formulation in some African countries, and proposes a way forward out of the educational impasse, by making some recommendations to improve the educational industry.

EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATION OF 3-STAR HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

Kalu, Nma Eke, Ekesiba, Charity Chibueze, PhD — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between empNloyee empowerment and organisational innovation of 3-Star Hotels in Port Harcourt. The research was motivated by the persistent operational inefficiencies, rigid management structures, and lack of innovative practices that undermine competitiveness in this segment of the hospitality industry. Specifically, the study focused on two dimensions of employee empowerment, autonomy and skill development and their influence on organisational innovation, measured through process innovation and workflow improvement. The study adopted a correlational research design, using a structured questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The population comprised managerial staff from all fifteen (15) registered 3-star hotels in Port Harcourt, totaling seventy-five (75) respondents. A census approach was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled the Employee Empowerment and Organisational Innovation Index (EEONI). The instrument’s reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, while hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that autonomy had significant positive relationships with process innovation and workflow, reinforcing the importance of decision-making freedom in enhancing innovation outcomes. Conversely, skill development exhibited a significant negative relationship with process innovation, suggesting misalignment between training initiatives and operational application. The study concludes that while employee autonomy is a critical driver of organizational innovation, skill development must be strategically integrated with practical empowerment mechanisms. The study recommends that hotel management should prioritize autonomy-driven empowerment and align training programs with real operational needs to enhance innovation and competitiveness.

IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE FIRM VALUE OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the impact of intellectual capital and corporate governance on the firm value of listed non-financial companies in Nigeria over the period 2014–2023. Using panel data from 38 firms and employing fixed-effects regression techniques, the study investigates the effects of human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency, relational capital efficiency, board size, board meetings, board independence, gender diversity, ownership concentration, and board financial expertise on firm value, measured by Tobin’s Q. The findings reveal that human capital efficiency, relational capital efficiency, and board financial expertise have a positive and statistically significant effect on firm value. In contrast, board size, gender diversity, and firm size exhibit a significant negative relationship with firm value. Structural capital efficiency, board meetings, board independence, and ownership concentration are found to have no significant influence. The results highlight the importance of knowledge-based resources and board competence in enhancing firm value within an emerging market context. The study contributes to the literature by providing integrated, component-level evidence on intellectual capital and corporate governance in Nigeria and offers practical insights for managers, investors, and policymakers seeking to improve firm valuation.

PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LEARNING ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE AND RETENTION IN BIOLOGY IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

IGOH Sunday Adah , AUDU Christina Tanko, PhD — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of technology-enhanced learning in science education has revolutionized the way students learn and interact with complex concepts. This study examines the effect of technology-enhanced learning on the performance and retention of secondary school students in biology in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study utilizes Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) to enhance the effectiveness of the learning process. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) has revolutionized the way science subjects are taught, offering numerous benefits that enhance students' learning experiences. A PowerPoint presentation was utilized as part of the Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI). The study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and post-post-test phases. The study's population consisted of 1,290 SSII biology students. The schools were chosen using a multistage sampling technique. Two SSII-class coeducational government-owned schools were specifically chosen. Random sampling was then used to select one intact classroom from each of the sampled schools, for a total of two complete classes. 75 students from one of the two intact classrooms were assigned to the experimental group, while 55 students were assigned to the control group. A total of 130 SSII students were selected from the two classes that remained intact. Two research questions, two objectives, and two hypotheses were put out to direct the investigation. The Biology Performance Test was used as the data gathering tool (BPT). 0.81 was the reliability coefficient for BPT. ANCOVA was used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance, and the mean and standard deviation were utilized to answer the study questions. Results obtained indicated that a significant difference exists in the mean performance scores of students taught skeletal systems using CAI (30.27) and those taught using GDI (24.68), as well as the mean retention scores of students in CAI (28.62) and GDI (21.55). It was concluded that Computer-Assisted Instruction is more effective than the Guided Discovery Strategy in promoting students’ performance and retention in biology. It was recommended that teachers of biology should adopt Computer-Assisted Instruction as a teaching Strategy to promote students’ performance and retention, and Government and School authorities should provide adequate, well-equipped Computer laboratories for the effective teaching and learning of Biology to boost students’ performance and retention.

A PRACTICAL EVALUATION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG FEMALE MARKET TRADERS IN THE NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA

Obiana Uche Viola, Isiguzo Valentina — Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the domestic violence among married market women in North Eastern
Nigeria with more focus on prevalence of domestic violence, its knowledge, and negative attitude towards reporting of domestic violence. A total of 664 market women from twelve locations were selected using Leslie Kish formula, employing stratified random sampling for various goods categories and convenient sampling for questionnaire administration. The study utilized a structured survey questionnaire divided into six sections, assessing demographics, knowledge, and attitudes towards domestic violence, with pilot testing confirming reliability across various sections. The study utilized descriptive statistics for research questions and independent t-tests for hypotheses, all analyzed at a 0.05 significance level using SPSS 21 software. The respondents' ages ranged from 16 to over 56, with 39.31% aged 26-35. Most (54.37%) had secondary education, spouses were employed, many (59.79%) earned between #51,000 and #150,000 monthly and most (53.01%) were within extended family. The study found a 75.67% prevalence of domestic violence among market women, with a mean score of 4.541, indicating that approximately 76% experienced some form of domestic violence. In a study, 64.6% of respondents feared their partners, 76.9% avoided topics to prevent annoyance, and 56.2% felt inadequate, while all believed they didn't deserve maltreatment. Market women’s negative attitudes towards reporting domestic violence, influenced by prior experiences, show a beta value of 0.220 and t-value of 3.513, significant at the 0.000 level.
The study reveals a significant correlation between market women's knowledge of domestic violence and their educational level, with tertiary-educated women demonstrating greater awareness than those with only primary education. The study found no significant difference between attitudes towards reporting domestic violence and experiencing it, with mean scores of 3.429 and 3.881, respectively, among market women. I conclusion the study reveals a 76% prevalence of domestic violence among market women, highlighting the need for education on warning signs and prevention to empower them and reduce abuse.

UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF BUSINESS STRATEGY: A SYSTEMATICAL REVIEW

Poazi, Francis Deinmodei W. (PhD) — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The strategy formulation process in business entities is an ongoing cycle of planning, implementation, and assessment of significant objectives to attain long-term goals. A business plan is an essential instrument for an enterprise, directing its destiny while identifying possibilities and threats. It enhances performance and cohesion within the management team, facilitating the attainment of company objectives. It establishes objectives across multiple domains, including product development, marketing strategies, and financial oversight. It facilitates discussions, collaborations, and innovation by leveraging emerging opportunities. Business strategy facilitates the management of human resources, enhances performance, and delineates departmental tasks.
It engages in internal and external communication, cultivating a robust brand identity. It enhances financial performance, mitigates risk, and assists organisations in adapting to market developments, facilitating successful competition and overcoming obstacles. This article examines prior academic literature to elucidate the evolution of the business strategy concept, highlighting its critical importance to corporate success within the field of business administration.

DEBT STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi , Dr. Nwodimkpa Given Igochukwu — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to determine debt structure dimensions (short-term debt and long-term debt) on financial performance measures (return on assets and return on equity) of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria, and evaluate how risk committee moderate the relationship between debt structure and financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of short-term debt on return on assets and return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant, the effect of long-term debt on return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant, and amongst others. Based on the findings, the study concluded that effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of debt financing on financial performance, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing. This would ensure the right choice of the components of corporate debt and their full utilization towards the right angle.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY COSTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi, Dr Zorkpa Charles Barinem — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the effect of corporate social responsibility costs on financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain the effect of community development cost, health and safety cost, social regulation cost on net profit margin. The study collected secondary data from the annual reports of fifteen banks listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2024. Eight of the banks were used as sample of this study using purposive sampling techniques. The method of data analysis was descriptive statistic, unit root test, Heteroskedasticity Diagnostic Test such as Breusch-Pagan-Godfre Heteroskedasticity test, Harvey Heteroskedasticity Test and Heteroskedasticity Test: Glejser. Finally the study adopted Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model with the help of E-view v10. Findings revealed, community development cost has negative and insignificant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in term of short run but in the term of long run, Community development cost has positive and insignificant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Health and safety cost has negative and significant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in both short run and long run. Furthermore, social regulation cost has positive and significant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in both short run and long run. The study generally concluded that that there is significant effect of corporate social responsibility costs on financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommended, among others, that; recruitment, hiring and training of competent personnel are very essential in facilitating not only the level of productivity but also the development of personnel in any organization. The bank therefore, should take staff training seriously.

DIGITAL LEADERSHIP PRACTICES AND ORGANISATIONAL RESILIENCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between digital leadership practices and organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. The study explored digital leadership practices through its dimensions such as digital mindset, change management, and data-driven decision-making. A cross-sectional design and used structured questionnaires to collect data from 179 respondents across 26 commercial banks. Spearman Rank Order Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between digital leadership practices and organisational resilience, with organisational culture playing a moderating role. The findings of this study revealed significant positive relationships between the dimensions of digital leadership practices and organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded that digital leadership significantly related to organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. Thus, the study recommended that commercial banks in the region invest in value innovation training programs to enhance agility and operational efficiency and adaptive capacity of commercial banks. They should leverage digital tools and automation to improve operational efficiency and minimize service disruptions during uncertainties. Additionally, commercial banks should strongly engage in digital leadership practices to improve organizational resilience.

EFFECT OF DIGITAL LEARNING TOOLS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), OMOKU

Uzoma Onita — Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of digital learning tools on the academic performance of Business Education students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were used to address the specific objectives. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of the study comprised 575 Business Education undergraduate students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, from which a sample size of 236 was
developed using Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Digital Learning Tools and Academic Performance Questionnaire (DLTAPQ). The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha method. 212 copies of the instruments were filled out and returned correctly. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Findings revealed that virtual classrooms have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance of Business Education
students. Educational software was also found to have a moderate positive and significant
relationship with academic performance. The study concludes that digital learning tools play a crucial role in enhancing teaching and learning of Business Education. It was recommended among others that institutional management provide adequate digital infrastructure to improve students’ academic performance.

HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

EZENWAJI, Uju Arinze, OBOMA, Nathan, PhD — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between Human Resource Information System (HRIS) and two key measures of human resource management practices: E-Performance Appraisal (E-PA) and E-Career Advancement (E-CA) in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted an explanatory survey research design underpinned by positivist philosophy. A structured questionnaire validated for face and content validity and confirmed reliable via Cronbach alpha (coefficients between 0.761 and 0.794) was administered to 150 managerial staff across Access Bank Plc, Guaranty Trust Bank Plc, and United Bank for Africa Plc; 123 copies were retrieved and analyzed. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing using SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed significant positive relationships between HRIS and E-Performance Appraisal (r = 0.528, p < 0.05) and between HRIS and E-Career Advancement (r = 0.453, p < 0.05). The study concluded that HRIS significantly enhances performance appraisal effectiveness and career advancement processes in Nigerian deposit money banks. Banks are recommended to invest in comprehensive HRIS platforms with integrated appraisal and career management modules, and to build HR professionals' capacity to harness HRIS data for evidence-based appraisal and career development decisions.

E-GOVERNANCE AND DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY: ASSESSING THE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT CAPACITY OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN RIVERS STATE

Kalagbor, Samuel Bererememamn, PhD, Adiele, Goodluck Chidi, PhD — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship among e-governance adoption, information management capacity, and democratic accountability in the public sector of Rivers State, Nigeria, with particular attention to persistent bureaucratic delays and forms of state injustice arising from limited access to public legal and administrative information. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 210 administrative officers across ten ministries in Port Harcourt, and analyzed using Pearson Product–Moment Correlation and regression-based mediation techniques. The findings reveal that e-governance adoption is significantly associated with transparency (r = 0.613, p < 0.01) and responsiveness (r = 0.541, p < 0.01). Further results indicate that Information Management Systems significantly mediate the relationship between e-governance and democratic accountability, accounting for 52% of the variance in accountability outcomes. The study demonstrates that technological infrastructure alone does not produce accountability gains unless supported by effective information management arrangements and an institutional information culture that promotes accessibility, integrity, and timely use of public data while limiting the accumulation of dark data. Accordingly, the study recommends the institutionalization of digital access to public records, the integration of information management standards into e-governance frameworks, and sustained enhancement of workforce digital literacy to strengthen transparency and responsiveness in the public sector of Rivers State.

ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE STRATEGIES AND STAFF PERFORMANCE IN BANKING FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Dr. Victor Barinua — Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between organizational change strategies and Staff Performance in banking firms in South-South Nigeria, focusing on three dimensions of change: incremental, proactive, and reactive. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 25 employees through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation.
The results revealed significant positive relationships between all three types of change and Staff Performance, with incremental change showing the strongest correlation (ρ = 0.973, p < 0.01), followed by proactive change (ρ = 0.718, p < 0.01), and reactive change (ρ = 0.675, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that well-managed change processes, whether planned or responsive, can enhance Staff Performance in the banking sector. The study concludes that a strategic and inclusive approach to change management is critical for improving performance outcomes. Based on the results, practical recommendations were made for banking firms to adopt gradual implementation strategies, engage in proactive planning, and strengthen communication during reactive change.

GREEN BRAND AWARENESS AND CONSUMER PREFERENCE OF ORGANIC BODY CREAM BRANDS IN PORT HARCOURT.

Igani D.C (Ph.D), Simon, Queeneth Maseba — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper investigated the relationship between Green Brand Awareness and Consumer Preference of Organic Body Cream Brands in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the objectives of the paper were to examine how green messaging and green sourcing related with consumer trust, organic body cream brands in Port Harcourt. The research design adopted correlational research design. The population for this study comprised of all the customers of organic cream brands in Port Harcourt. A sample size of 384 customers were chosen using Krejcie and Morgan table for sample size determination from the infinite population. However, only 260 customers provided data for the study. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test null hypotheses. From results of the analysis, it was revealed that green messaging and green sourcing positively and significantly relate with consumer trust. Furthermore, findings revealed the relationship between green brand awareness and consumer preference of organic body cream brands in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that green brand awareness through strategic green messaging and sustainable sourcing has a significant and positive green brand awareness and consumer preference of organic body cream brand in Port Harcourt has a positive and significant relationship. Therefore, it was recommended in this study amongst others that organic cream brands should invest in transparent, educational, and emotionally resonant green communication. Messaging should go beyond slogans to include verifiable claims about ingredients, eco-packaging, and environmental benefits to boost customer trust.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND EMPLOYABILITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION GRADUATE IN RIVERS STATE.

Amadi Foundation — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of Entrepreneurship Education encompassing cognitive, affective, normative, and psychomotor dimensions on the employability of Business Education graduates in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational survey research design, targeting 300 graduates selected using Taro Yamane’s formula from the population of business education graduates in the state. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) with SPSS version 25. The results revealed that all four dimensions of entrepreneurship education cognitive (r = 0.655, p < 0.01), affective (r = 0.671, p < 0.01), normative (r = 0.652, p < 0.01), and psychomotor (r = 0.669, p < 0.01) have significant positive relationships with graduates’ employability. The findings suggest that graduates equipped with knowledge, positive attitudes, ethical awareness, and practical entrepreneurial skills are more likely to secure employment or engage in self-employment ventures. The study concludes that a multidimensional approach to entrepreneurship education is essential for enhancing employability and fostering sustainable economic growth. Based on these findings, the study recommends curriculum enhancement, integration of practical learning experiences, mentorship programs, and the promotion of ethical entrepreneurship practices. The outcomes of this study also align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 4, 8, and 9), highlighting the broader societal and economic relevance of entrepreneurship education in preparing graduates for the labor market.

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MARKETING PRACTICES: PERCEPTIONS OF GRADUATE STUDENTS IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

Dr. Musa Sule Argungu, T James, NisaIi Ibrahim , Hamza Sani — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Social media has fundamentally transformed contemporary marketing practices globally, yet empirical research examining its perceived impact from the perspective of emerging marketing professionals in emerging economies remains limited. This study critically examined the perceived impact of social media platforms on marketing practices as evaluated by graduate students in universities across the North Western geo-political zone of Nigeria. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 1,276 graduate students selected through stratified random sampling across seven institutions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Key findings indicate that graduate students perceived social media as most impactful for brand communication (M = 4.00, SD = 0.82), followed by market research (M = 3.81, SD = 0.87), consumer targeting (M = 3.64, SD = 0.94), and performance measurement (M = 3.43, SD = 0.96). Comparative analysis revealed social media was perceived as significantly more effective than traditional channels for reach (p < 0.001), engagement (p < 0.001), and cost-effectiveness (p < 0.001). Infrastructure constraints emerged as the most significant barrier (M = 4.21). Regression analysis identified platform familiarity (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) and prior industry experience (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) as the strongest predictors of positive perceptions. Based on empirical findings, the study proposed and validated the Social Media Marketing Evaluation Framework (SMEF) through expert review (overall rating: 4.50/5.00) and usability testing (93.3% perceived usefulness). The study contributes to theoretical understanding by extending Uses and Gratifications Theory and Diffusion of Innovation frameworks to marketing technology evaluation in emerging markets. Practical contributions include actionable insights for curriculum development, practitioner strategy, and policy formulation to optimize social media's contribution to marketing effectiveness in Nigeria and similar emerging economies.

INFLUENCE OF COUNSELLING TECHNIQUES ON DEVIANT SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF JOS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Nwanyinnaya Charity Williams, PhD, Grace Onyowo Ugboha, PhD — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of counselling techniques on deviant sexual behaviours among undergraduate students of University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The study was carried out using cross-sectional survey research design. The study was guided by three objectives, research questions and hypotheses. The study used random and purposive sampling techniques to draw the sample of 384 from the population. The instrument used for data collection was a researcher developed questionnaire titled “Influence of Counselling Techniques on Deviant Sexual Behaviours among Students Questionnaire (ICTDSBSQ)”. The instrument was validated by three experts for content validity from Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, and a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed a significant difference in the type of deviant sexual behaaviours that is prevalent among undergraduate students of the University of Jos based on age. It was recommended among others that guidance should be made compulsory in curricula, and counselors should be trained on trauma-informed care.

SOCIAL WEB ADVERTISING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY OF FISH FARMS IN RIVER STATE

Akpelu Franklin Ekwueme, Morganba Ibilaba Amos — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study ascertained the relationship between social web advertising and organizational productivity of fish farms in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of social web advertising, such as content creation and social media campaign, and organizational productivity of fish farms in Rivers State, especially in terms of output level and time minimization. The study was anchored on Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The population of the study consisted of sixteen (16) operational registered fish farms in Rivers State. The entire population of sixteen (16) operational registered fish farms in Rivers State was covered without sampling, which made the study a census research. As pertaining to respondents, seventy-seven (77) top level managers which cut across Managing Director, Marketing Manager, Human Resource Manager, Chief Financial Officer, ICT Managers, and Business Development Manager, were selected from each of the 16 fish farms based on existence or availability. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. Seventyseven (77) copies of the questionnaire were administered and 71 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The study found that there is a significant positive relationship between the dimensions of social web advertising, such as content creation and social media campaign, and measures of organizational productivity of fish farms in Rivers State, being output level and time minimization. The study concluded that the strategic fusion of compelling content and targeted digital campaigns is a decisive force that transforms productivity from a mere goal into a sustained competitive advantage. Therefore, the study recommended amongst others that fish farm managers in Rivers State should intensify their use of social web advertising platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and X, to promote their products, engage directly with customers, and receive instant feedback that can inform quality improvements, hence promoting productivity in the long run.

ADMINISTRATIVE PRODUCTIVITY: EXPLORING THE STRATEGIC INFORMATION SHARING NEXUS IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

OMUNAKWE, Priscilla Obunwo, PhD, ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, PhD — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between strategic information sharing and administrative productivity in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) theory and the Resource Dependence Theory (RDT). A correlational survey design was adopted, with a sample of 110 respondents drawn from registered SMEs in Rivers State through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire validated by experts. Reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, which returned coefficients of 0.87, 0.83, and 0.81 for the three subscales, all exceeding the 0.70 threshold. Two null hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient at the 0.05 level of significance with the aid of SPSS version 25. Out of 110 questionnaires administered, 105 were fully retrieved and analysed, representing a 95.5% response rate. Findings revealed that strategic information sharing has a significant positive relationship with both employee task performance (rs = 0.731, p = 0.000) and decision-making efficiency (rs = 0.698, p = 0.000) in SMEs in Rivers State. The study concluded that the deliberate, structured sharing of relevant operational and strategic information within SMEs is a potent driver of administrative productivity. It was recommended that SME owners and managers institutionalise formal information sharing frameworks, invest in digital communication platforms, and cultivate a culture of information transparency to enhance administrative outcomes.

TEACHING PROFESSION AND SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Uriah Oboada Alafonye, Amadi Emilia Lucky — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the teaching profession and societal development in secondary schools in Rivers State, adopting a correlational research design. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. The total population comprised 5,747 teachers drawn from 353 secondary schools across Rivers State, from which a sample of 460 respondents representing approximately 8% of the total population was selected through stratified and random sampling techniques. Data were collected using the researcher-designed Teaching Profession and Societal Development Questionnaire (TPSDQ), consisting of two sections addressing demographic information and items on the teaching profession and societal development. Experts in Educational Management and Planning validated the instrument to ensure content validity, while Cronbach's Alpha yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.73, indicating acceptable internal consistency. Data were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that the teaching profession significantly influences students' academic performance, promotes moral values, and enhances civic responsibility to a high extent in Rivers State secondary schools, with strong positive and statistically significant relationships established across all three dimensions. These findings collectively affirm that the teaching profession is not merely an occupational practice but a powerful and indispensable force for societal transformation. When teachers are professionally competent, ethically grounded, and civically oriented, they produce students who are academically sound, morally upright, and civically responsible citizens capable of driving sustainable development. It is therefore imperative that all stakeholders prioritize the strengthening of the teaching profession in Rivers State secondary schools as a strategic pathway to achieving meaningful and lasting societal development.

AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP INTEGRITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN BAYELSA STATE

Ebi Flora Okenema — Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically assessed the relationship between leadership integrity and organizational performance in tertiary educational institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A correlational research design was employed, guided by two research questions and two hypotheses. The study population comprised academic and administrative staff across selected tertiary institutions, with a sample of 308 respondents drawn using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled "Leadership Integrity and Organizational Performance Questionnaire (LIOPQ)," which was validated by experts in educational leadership and tested for reliability, yielding a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.87. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed a moderate to strong positive relationship between transparency in leadership and organizational performance (r = 0.61, p < 0.05), and a significant positive relationship between accountability in leadership and organizational performance (r = 0.54, p < 0.05). The study concluded that leadership integrity, characterized by transparency and accountability, significantly enhances institutional effectiveness, trust, and performance outcomes in tertiary education. It was recommended that educational institutions implement integrity-based leadership practices supported by accountability frameworks and transparent governance structures to improve organizational performance.

A STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR LEVERAGING GREEN KNOWLEDGE FOR SUSTAINABLE RESILIENCE AND REPUTATION OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES

George, Gibson (PhD) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The growing global emphasis on sustainability highlights the urgent need for universities, as centers of knowledge creation and dissemination, to embrace green knowledge utilization as a strategic pathway to resilience and reputation. Nigerian universities, however, demonstrate limited commitment to integrating green knowledge into research, curriculum, campus operations, and community engagement, thereby constraining their competitiveness in global rankings and their capacity to respond to environmental challenges. This study develops a strategic framework for leveraging green knowledge to enhance sustainable resilience and institutional reputation of Nigerian universities. Drawing on literature, case studies, and empirical evidence, the framework emphasizes five strategic pillars — Research and Innovation, curriculum and capacity building, campus sustainability and demonstration projects, industry and community engagement, and funding and international collaboration — as the core domains where green knowledge is generated and applied. Knowledge management and dissemination acts as a cross-cutting enabler, ensuring that what is developed in each pillar is captured, shared, and institutionalized. By channeling these pillars into robust systems of green knowledge utilization, universities can strengthen their adaptability to environmental and economic shocks, improve operational efficiency, and establish themselves as sustainability leaders. The study concluded that leveraging green knowledge not only enhances institutional resilience but also elevates the global visibility and reputation of Nigerian universities. The study therefore recommended the establishment of dedicated green research centers, integration of sustainability across curricula, demonstration projects on campuses, and partnerships with industries and international organizations. Ultimately, the proposed framework positions Nigerian universities to thrive in an era where sustainability, innovation, and resilience are central to global higher education excellence.

CHALLENGES OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCESS ON EFFECTIVE PROJECT DELIVERY IN KANO STATE

Halima Ali Baba, A Y Waziri, Alhassan Dahiru — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Despite their critical role in delivering essential goods, works and services, public procurement processes face significant global challenges, hindering their effectiveness and leading to suboptimal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the challenges of non-compliance with public procurement process on effective project delivery in Kano State. The study employed a descriptive and experimental survey research design. Purposive random sampling was used in the investigation and questionnaire also used as the major instrument for collecting data from the respondents in the study area.Data was collected from building professionals of MDAs in Kano state, Nigeria.Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 22) was used for statistical analysis of the data generated from the questionnaire survey. The study reveals that weak enforcement, political interference and favoritism, partial compliance in local governments and favoritism and gratification have mean values of 3.554, 3.536, 3.513 and 3.509 ranked at 1st to 4^th respectively and indicating highest challenges of non-compliance with public procurement process in Kano state. The result also reveals that mismanagement, embezzlement, misallocation of resources and capacity and knowledge deficits have mean values of 2.531, 2.522, 2.512 and 2.510 ranked 9th to 12th respectively and indicating moderate challenges of non-compliance with public procurement process in Kano state. The study recommended that government should significantly improve public procurement compliance and project delivery; the focus must shift from technical fixes to strengthening enforcement, mitigating political influence, and eradicating corrupt practices through systemic governance reform.

FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.

Graham-Kingsley Gift Imaonyani, Eke Promise — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated financial inclusion and economic development in Nigeria. The population of this study was the entire Nigerian economy (made up of 36 states including FCT) where the elements of data used for this research were extracted. Using judgmental sampling technique, a sample of 11years’ period from 2015 to 2025 was used. This study employed descriptive research and ex-post facto research design. However, relevant data for the study were obtained thorough secondary source via Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins. Ordinary Least Square Multiple regression technique was used to measure the effects of the predictor variables on the criterion variables. This study used estimated technique of both descriptive statistics and Ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis method with the help of Eview-9 software. Consequently, the study revealed that mobile payment, internet payment, point of sale, automated teller machine have significant positive effect on gross domestic product in Nigeria; also, the study found that mobile payment, internet payment, point of sale, automated teller machine have significant positive effect on human capital development in Nigeria. The researcher concluded that financial inclusion significantly effects economic development. Hence, the researcher suggested that policy makers should continue to strengthen the internet system for better service delivery; also, financial institutions should continue to spread POS terminals across streets, towns and villages of the country for better financial inclusion; electronic taxes collected as a result of E-money transfer should be used to educate and enlighten the people for better usage of the financial system.

REJUVENATING NIGERIA'S ECONOMY BY ENHANCING TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN GOMBE STATE.

Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper titled, “Rejuvenating Nigeria's Economy By Enhancing Technical Education in Gombe State”, examined three purposes and answered three research questions. The study was descriptive survey which collected its data from a population of 100 technical teachers from the two technical colleges in Gombe State through a questionnaire titled, Rejuvenation through Technical Education (RtTE) structured on a four Likert-type scale from Highly Agreed to Highly Not Agreed. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation from a statistical software SPSS version 20. The result showed that Technical education is crucial for Nigeria's economic adaptability, providing practical skills that reduce unemployment by aligning with industry demands. The study also found that, Restructuring technical education in Nigeria is imperative to address the skills gap, as industry-specific knowledge acquired through such programs is essential for ensuring workforce competence. The study recommended that government should prioritize a comprehensive review and enhancement of technical education curricula in Government Science Technical Colleges in Gombe State to ensure they align with current industry demands and Integrate entrepreneurship education into the technical curriculum to instill an entrepreneurial mindset among students.

TRAINING AND RE-TRAINING OF TECHNOLOGY TEACHERS IN NIGERIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY: A CASE STUDY OF PLATEAU STATE

Gyang Peter Shut, Dalyop Gyang Badung , Chuwang Rwang Luka — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the 21^st Century Technology Teachers have received the desired training and retraining to meet up with the challenges of the technological advancement. To ascertain the prevalent in lack of training and retraining of technology teachers in our training institutions in Plateau State, and its consequences in impacting knowledge by the untrained personnel to the young ones yearning for knowledge, and saleable skills for the challenging society. It is evident that Technology Teachers can play a vital role in salvaging the society from technological stagnation by providing marketable skills to the numerous educated but unskilled graduates.To achieve this.training and re-retraining of the teachers is very pertinent because it will provide updated knowledge for them to meet up with the ever growing complex technological society in the 21^st "century.Survey research design was adopted for the study. A total population of 100 technical teachers comprising 30 Lecturers.30 tutors from technical schools and 40 from the Junior Secondary School who are Teaching Technical Subjects. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondent. The instrument was face validated and tested for reliability which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.87. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Mean responses of 2.50 and above was regarded as agreed while a Mean below 2.50 was regarded as disagreed.The questionnaire was structured along the Likert scale format. Each response category was assigned a corresponding nominal value of Strongly Agree (SA)-5, Agree (A)-4, Undecided (UD)-3, Disagree (D)-2 and Strongly Disagree (SD)-1. Recommendations were profered to enhance Technology Teacher productivity and better performance.

IMPACT OF PRODUCT ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN UNILEVEL PLC IN ONITSHA, ANAMBRA STATE

Essi Brooklyn Oviudhe, Ogundare, Justice Taiwo (Ph.D.) — Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study focuses on the impact of product advertising on consumer buying behaviour and how this will help the company to achieve its promotional objectives in Unilever Plc in Onitsha, Anambra State. This research is anchored on the following research questions: to what extent does institutional advertising influence consumer buying behaviour? does retailer advertising affect consumer buying behaviour? how does advertising media influence consumer buying behaviour?
Survey research design which tends to be descriptive was adopted as the research design; due to its descriptive nature which observes and describes variables of research subjects without manipulation of the variables of the research to deduce solutions to the research questions. The population comprises of top manager, middle manager, low level manager and customers with population of 500. The findings showed that there is a significant effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The study concluded that advertising helps to promote a company’s image. This is inferred from the findings which indicate that advertising contributes in building the image for a specific product brand which makes it easy to be identified in the market. The study recommended that advertising should provide education through meaningful message, this is because the more meaningful the materials learned, the greater the rate of retention and the lower the rate of forgetting. There should be increased awareness on the ethics of advertising in order to be able to make consumers form good attitudes, opinion and interests towards fostering repeat purchase behaviour.

ENTREPRENEURIAL BRAND REPUTATION AND SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

Barr. Ben Nwekeala, Ph.D, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner, Ph.D — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

ABSTRACT
This study examined the relationship between Entrepreneurial Brand Reputation and Service Quality Delivery in the Food and Beverage Industry in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, the study focused on how brand quality and brand reliability influence timeliness and efficiency in service delivery. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 30 registered food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt, from which a census approach was applied. Data were collected from 171 valid responses using a structured questionnaire designed on a four-point Likert scale. Reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s Alpha method. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were employed for data analysis, with hypotheses tested at a 0.01 significance level. The results revealed that brand quality had a strong and significant positive relationship with both timeliness and efficiency. Brand reliability also showed a moderate but significant positive relationship with timeliness and efficiency. This study concluded that entrepreneurial brand reputation anchored on quality and reliability is a critical intangible resource that shapes service quality delivery in Port Harcourt’s food and beverage sector. This study recommended that Food and beverage firms should consistently prioritize high product quality in terms of taste, presentation, and packaging to strengthen brand reputation and improve service timeliness.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BEAUTY CARE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D , Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The business environment is volatile and dynamic; it takes a firm that is entrepreneurial orientated to survive. To this end, this study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. Three (3) objectives, three (3) research questions and three (3) hypotheses were tested. The study adopted correlational survey design; the population of this study consisted of 96 (managers and sales representatives) of 16 Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt gotten through www.finelib.com. The study adopted a census approach and studied the entire population. The instrument was administered in the frame of 6 copies per firm; the reliability of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach's alpha test instrument with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and it stood at 0.78 higher than the benchmark of 0.7. The data collected for this study were analyzed through inferential statistics. The Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Technique was employed to test the various hypotheses formulated through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that entrepreneurial orientation showed a positive and significant relationship with competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. The results from the bivariate analysis confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between entrepreneurial orientation (proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and innovativeness) and competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurial orientation via its dimensions is a panacea for gaining competitive advantage. In line with the findings and conclusions; the paper recommends that Beauty Care Firms should be proactive in all ramification; they should be quick and swift in responding to market needs; they should be competitive aggressive and challenge competitions in order to gain entry or strengthen its existing position in the marketplace, geared towards surpassing industry rivals and should be innovative and always come up with novel products and services that will catch the customer’s attention.

METEOROLOGY (THE CHEMISTRY PERSPECTIVE

Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Weather reports are important to any society the sea and sea and air transport industries rely on accurate forecast and prediction, and thus, reliable weather report based on reliable forecast and prediction should be well rooted in the physical sciences geography and meteology. This paper thus attempt to look at low physical sciences like chemistry is used in understanding the complex dynamics of the atmosphere which shape our weather/climate patterns. The perfect gas was considered how temperature and pressure affect atmospheric charateristics was analysed. Individual gas laws and principles were summarized into the perfect gas equations of state. The impact of the gas laws on environmental science(gas laws and theb weather) was reviewed. The paper conclusively opined that atmosphere being a complex system of gases, is better understand using the perfect gas equation of state. The perfect gas equation is one of the general experiments to describe the atmospheric conditions in a wide range of conditions that are used throughout thermodynamics.

DATA PROTECTION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri Sunday E. — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Sampling Formula. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The test of hypothesis was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security and reliability of records management.

BUSINESS ETIQUETTE DYNAMICS: THE GOAD FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF REAL ESTATE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The main aim of the study was to ascertain the relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the human relations theory by Elton Mayo as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The targeted population comprised the entire leadership of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt.
As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, six (6) managers were chosen from branch offices of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt, giving us a sample of ninety (90) managers. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. Eighty-Six (86) copies of questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis. Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of business etiquette dynamics in this study should be adopted by real estate firms in Port Harcourt, so as to drive the competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt.

SALARY AND EFFECTIVE INFORMATION CIRCULATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (PhD) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determine the relationship between salary and effective information circulation in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between salary and effective information circulation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes salary to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

TEACHERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND CLASSROOM CLIMATE IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Obindah Fortune (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between teachers’ emotional intelligence and classroom climate in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Specifically, it focused on two sub-variables of emotional intelligence, self-awareness and emotional regulation and their relationship between classroom climate. A correlational research design was adopted, and the population comprised 6,174 teachers across 311 public senior secondary schools. A representative sample of 360 teachers was selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with high reliability indices (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82 for emotional intelligence and 0.85 for classroom climate). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation) were used for data analysis at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed significant positive relationships between teachers’ self-awareness (r = 0.512, p < 0.05) and emotional regulation (r = 0.478, p < 0.05) with classroom climate. These results indicate that teachers who are aware of their emotions and able to regulate them effectively tend to create supportive, orderly, and engaging classroom environments. The study concluded that teachers’ emotional intelligence is a critical determinant of classroom climate in public senior secondary schools and recommended integrating emotional intelligence development into teacher training programs, promoting reflective practices, and providing counseling support to enhance teachers’ emotional competencies. The findings underscore the importance of emotional skills in fostering positive classroom environments that facilitate students’ academic, social, and emotional growth.

VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF CLASSROOM ASSESSMENTS IN RIVERS STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS

West Jenbarimiema, PhD, Sunday Ogiri Rowland — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the validity and reliability of classroom assessments in Rivers State secondary schools. The study was anchored on Classical Test Theory and Assessment for Learning theory and adopted a descriptive survey design complemented with document and psychometric analysis. The population comprised public and private secondary school teachers and Senior Secondary II and III students in Rivers State. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 10 secondary schools, 100 teachers, and 300 students. Data were collected using the Teachers’ Assessment Practicesm Questionnaire (TAPQ), sampled classroom test question papers and marking schemes, and students’ continuous assessment and examination score records. Content analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression were used for data analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that most classroom tests showed limited content coverage and over-emphasis on lower-order cognitive skills, indicating weak content and cognitive validity. The overall mean reliability coefficient of sampled tests was 0.70, with several tests falling below acceptable levels. Teachers demonstrated moderate assessment practices, but critical technical activities such as preparation of table of specifications and item analysis were weak. Training in measurement and evaluation significantly predicted reliability of classroom assessments, explaining 36% of the variance. The study concluded that while classroom assessments in Rivers State secondary schools demonstrate moderate reliability, their validity and technical quality remain inconsistent and largely influenced by teachers’ assessment literacy. The study recommends systematic professional development, institutionalization of test moderation procedures, and strengthened quality assurance mechanisms to enhance the psychometric soundness of classroom assessments.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN NIGERIAN FINTECH FIRMS

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and risk management practices in Nigerian Fintech firms. The research focused on four key governance variables board size, board independence, audit committee effectiveness, and ownership structure and their influence on risk management. A descriptive and correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to board members, auditors, and senior management staff of selected Fintech firms. The data were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression techniques. Findings revealed that all corporate governance mechanisms had significant positive relationships with risk management practices. Specifically, board independence and audit committee effectiveness had the strongest impact, indicating that firms with more independent boards and effective audit oversight demonstrated superior risk management systems. Board size and ownership structure also contributed significantly, suggesting that diverse boards and transparent ownership enhance risk governance. The study concluded that sound corporate governance structures are essential for promoting accountability, transparency, and effective risk control in Nigeria’s rapidly expanding Fintech sector. t recommended that Fintech firms strengthen board independence, improve audit committee functionality, and promote transparent ownership structures to ensure robust governance and sustainable risk management outcomes in line with regulatory and global best practices.

WORK-LIFE FLEXIBILITY AND EMPLOYEE JOB COMMITMENT IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ONUOHA, Chiaza Ihenna, OZURU, Henry N. (Prof.), Allwell Azubuike — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between work-life flexibility and employee job commitment, specifically examining the affective commitment and normative commitment dimensions, among employees of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Social Exchange Theory, the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model, and Organizational Support Theory, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from 124 usable responses using a structured questionnaire adapted from validated instruments, drawn from a target population of 209 employees of selected DMBs in Rivers State. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was employed as the inferential statistical technique for hypothesis testing. The study found that work-life flexibility had a strong and significant positive relationship with affective commitment (r = 0.777, p < 0.05) and a moderate and significant positive relationship with normative commitment (r = 0.551, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming that work-life flexibility is a critical organizational lever for enhancing the emotional attachment and moral obligation dimensions of employee commitment in the banking sector. The study concluded that DMBs that institutionalize flexible scheduling, remote work options, and family-supportive leave policies foster a psychologically safe and supportive work environment that strengthens employees' desire to remain with, and their sense of moral obligation towards, their organizations. The study recommended that bank management should develop and implement structured, equitably accessible, and culturally sensitive work-life flexibility policies to enhance affective and normative commitment among employees.

GOVERNMENT BUDGET AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN NIGERIA.

EKE Promise, PhD, CHARLES Zorpka, PhD — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the impact of government budget on private investment promotion in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design which investigates possible cause-effect relationship, was adopted for this study. The population for this study is the Nigerian economy on government budget and private investment promotion from 1990 to 2023, the year of Nigeria independence to date. Using purposive sampling technique, a sample of thirty-four (34) years (1990-2023) was considered for this study. Considering the objectives of this study and the nature of data to generate, the secondary source of data collection was employed in this study. The study employed descriptive statistics to summarize data trends and unit root tests to confirm stationarity of variables. Diagnostic and stability tests were used to ensure model reliability and validity. The ARDL model was applied to assess both short-run and long-run effects of government expenditure on investment. Moderated multiple regression was used to evaluate the interaction effect of exchange rate and inflation rate on the relationship between government spending and investment. The results of the current study indicate that government budgetary allocations to key social sectors—health, education, and agriculture—do not exert a statistically significant influence on domestic private investment (DPI) in Nigeria over the analyzed period. The study recommended that the Nigerian government prioritize improving the efficiency and transparency of budget implementation, particularly in health, education, and agriculture sectors, to ensure that allocated funds translate into tangible infrastructural and institutional improvements that can attract private investment. Furthermore, the government should design and implement targeted policies that align public spending with private sector needs, focusing on capital expenditures that enhance the business environment, such as infrastructure development, technology adoption, and capacity building.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AND IT'S INFLUENCE ON SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Dr. Clarke Tarelayefa — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rural development education in Nigeria plays a central role in shaping how rural communities use and protect natural resources that support livelihoods and food production. The study examines how education influences sustainable natural resource management through awareness building behavioural change skill development and community participation. It also considers challenges such as weak funding limited extension services low literacy cultural practices policy inconsistency and poor infrastructure that reduce effectiveness. Findings indicate that rural education improves awareness and encourages better land water and forest management practices but outcomes remain uneven across regions due to systemic constraints. Opportunities include digital learning tools non governmental organisation support modern extension systems community based management and climate education programmes that expand access and participation. The study concludes that stronger coordination improved infrastructure and consistent policy implementation are required to enhance sustainability outcomes in rural Nigeria. Strengthening collaboration between government agencies NGOs and community groups alongside capacity building for extension workers is essential for long term improvement in environmental education delivery and resource management practices across rural areas.

SUCCESSION IN FAMILY BUSINESSES: CULTURAL VARIATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

Obuah Ikechi Israel, Isaac Amaobi Anukam, PhD — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of cultural factors on succession planning practices in family businesses, addressing the need for a deeper understanding of how cultural differences influence leadership transition. Objective: The objective is to conduct a cross-cultural comparison of succession planning practices in family businesses, exploring how cultural values and norms shape succession decisions and processes. Methodology: A qualitative research approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with family business owners and successors from diverse cultural backgrounds. The study analyzed case studies from multiple countries to identify cultural-specific succession planning practices and challenges. Findings: The study reveals that cultural influences significantly impact succession planning practices in family businesses. Key findings indicate that cultural values such as collectivism, individualism, and power distance shape succession decisions, and that cultural intelligence is crucial for navigating succession planning challenges. Originality: This research contributes to the family business literature by providing new insights into the role of culture in shaping succession planning practices. The cross-cultural comparison offers a nuanced understanding of the complexities involved in transferring leadership across cultures. Implications: The study's findings have implications for family business owners, successors, and advisors, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive succession planning approaches. The research also informs policymakers and educators about the importance of cultural awareness in family business succession. Recommendations: The study recommends that family businesses develop succession planning strategies that account for cultural differences and nuances. It also suggests that educators incorporate cultural intelligence into family business curricula to prepare future leaders for the challenges of cross-cultural succession planning. Future research directions include exploring the impact of globalization on succession planning practices in family businesses.

OVERVIEW OF GOVERNMENT RECURRENT EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert (PhD) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between recurrent government expenditure and economic development in Nigeria over the period 2001–2020. The motivation for the study stems from persistent inefficiencies in public sector operations, rising corruption, and the inability of increasing government expenditure to translate into meaningful improvements in economic welfare. The study adopted a correlational and ex-post facto research design, utilizing secondary time-series data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), National Bureau of Statistics, and other official sources. Economic development was proxied using Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and Consumer Price Index (CPI), while recurrent expenditure served as the key explanatory variable. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that recurrent expenditure has a positive and significant relationship with GDP and HDI, indicating its contribution to economic growth and human development. However, the relationship between recurrent expenditure and CPI was found to be statistically insignificant, suggesting limited influence on price stability. The study concluded that while recurrent expenditure plays a role in enhancing certain aspects of economic development, its overall effectiveness is constrained by inefficiencies in resource utilization and policy implementation. The study recommends improved monitoring and efficient management of public expenditure, particularly recurrent spending, to ensure optimal allocation of resources and enhanced development outcomes.

TRADE UNION FINANCE AND WORKERS’ SOCIAL SECURITY OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Agabe, N. A. — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This work examined the relationship between trade union finance and workers’ social security of oil and gas firms in Rivers State. Objectives of the study were to examine how trade union finance relates with workers’ health benefits and job security support. The study adopted the survey research design. 100 respondents from ten oil and gas firms in Rivers State were adopted for the study. Data were collected through primary (questionnaire). A structured questionnaire designed in four point likert rating scale format was adopted for the collection of data. In the course of administering the questionnaires, the researcher was able to retrieve 73 copies. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (r) was used for the test of hypotheses via SPSS Version 23.0. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between trade union finance and workers’ social security of oil and gas firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that trade union finance enhance workers’ social security. The study recommended among others that trade unions should generate income beyond membership dues, such as through investment in cooperative ventures, partnerships, or welfare funds as such would enable them to negotiate for comprehensive health insurance packages, sponsor health awareness campaigns, and subsidize medical bills for members.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITIES OF NORTH-EAST, NIGERIA

KAMBASAYA, Saratu Bello, UMORU, Mohammed Lawal, EGEDE Yakubu — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the influence of entrepreneurship education on employability skills of undergraduate Business Education students in universities of North-East Nigeria. Six objectives, six research questions, and six null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population consisted of 1,323 300-level Business Education students from three universities: Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, University of Maiduguri, and Modibbo Adama University Yola. A sample of 116 students was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. Data collection employed a structured questionnaire titled "Questionnaire on Entrepreneurship Education on Employability Skills," validated by experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.827 (Cronbach Alpha). Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) addressed the research questions, while simple linear regression analyzed the six null hypotheses at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that entrepreneurship education positively and significantly influenced students’ creativity (grand mean = 3.09, SD = 1.37, p < 0.05), innovation (grand mean = 3.02, SD = 1.40, p < 0.05), opportunity and recognition (grand mean = 3.02, SD = 1.44, p < 0.05), risk-assessment (grand mean = 3.04, SD = 1.44, p < 0.05), business plan and strategy (grand mean = 2.97, SD = 1.41, p < 0.05), and financial management skills (grand mean = 3.08, SD = 1.42, p < 0.05). Regression findings confirmed statistically significant models, for example: creativity (F = 21.247, p < 0.05), innovation (F = 40.570, p < 0.05), opportunity recognition (F = 6.236, p < 0.05), risk-assessment (F = 8.381, p < 0.05), business plan and strategy (F = 35.165, p < 0.05), and financial management (F = 43.136, p < 0.05). The results also indicated that students exposed to entrepreneurship education developed superior practical employability skills. The study concluded that entrepreneurship education enhances employability competencies, specifically, creativity, innovation, opportunity recognition, risk assessment, business planning, and financial management among business education students in the target universities. It is recommended that universities and instructors should further incorporate practical, experiential learning strategies (such as creativity workshops, innovation labs, mentorship, business plan development, risk management simulations, and financial literacy exercises) within entrepreneurship curricula to ensure students develop robust employability skills for the contemporary workforce.

CUSTOMARY AUTHORITY AND INDIGENOUS MECHANISMS OF CRIME CONTROL IN IJIBOR COMMUNITY OF BEKWARRA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

Mary Ochuole ADIE — Tue, 26 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study interrogates the role of traditional institutions in maintaining law, order, and social equilibrium in Ijibor community of Bekwarra Local Government Area, Cross River State. Drawing on oral traditions, colonial records, and existing scholarship, the paper argues that long before the imposition of colonial rule, the Ijibor people had evolved a sophisticated system of governance anchored on kinship, spirituality, and communal responsibility. These indigenous institutions, ranging from family courts to ordeal systems, functioned not merely as instruments of justice but as mechanisms for restoring moral balance. The study further situates these institutions within the broader historical context of Ijibor-Ishibori relations, demonstrating how inter-group interactions, colonial disruptions, and post-colonial transformations reshaped traditional crime control systems. It concludes that despite colonial distortions, traditional institutions remain resilient and continue to influence contemporary approaches to justice in the community.

MEDIA LIAISON: AN ASSESSMENT OF PRESS UNITS PERFORMANCE IN RIVERS STATE- BASED UNIVERSITIES

Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

University information units play a crucial role in bridging the gap between academic institutionsand the media, ensuring that accurate and timely information flows between journalists and the public. This study dives into the dynamics of media liaison and information sharing within journalism; focusing on the information units of select universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The goals were to explore the structure of media liaison, evaluate how effectively information is disseminated, and pinpoint the challenges faced in communication between university information units and journalists. Grounded in agenda-setting theory and the two-way symmetrical model of Public Relations, the study utilized a descriptive survey design. Data were gathered from journalists based in Rivers State and officials from university media units. To collect these data, structured questionnaires and interview guides were employed. For analysis, simple percentages, weighted means, and thematic templates were used. The findings revealed that while university information units have formal media liaison structures, they often struggle with internal bureaucracy. Their interactions with journalists tend to be reactive, primarily happening during institutional events or crises. Although social media has enhanced the speed and reach of information sharing, issues like bureaucratic delays, insufficient funding, limited professional training, and restricted access to information still hinder effective communication. The study concludes that improving media liaison practices is vital for boosting institutional transparency, enhancing journalist satisfaction, and fostering credible journalism. Recommendations include granting more operational autonomy to information units, implementing regular media engagement strategies, investing in capacity-building initiatives, and increasing funding for digital communication tools.

PACKAGE MATERIAL INFLUENCE ON BEVERAGE BRAND EQUITY

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Asagba Samuel — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Packaging materials represent a critical yet underexplored dimension of brand equity formation in consumer markets. While existing marketing scholarship has predominantly centred on advertising and product attributes as the principal drivers of brand value, the tangible, sensory, and symbolic properties of packaging materials remain insufficiently examined, particularly within emerging market contexts. This study investigates the influence of packaging material characteristics, specifically quality, durability, safety, sophistication, and perceived cost on three core dimensions of beverage brand equity: brand awareness, brand association, and brand trust. Adopting a quantitative research design, data were gathered from 346 postgraduate students drawn from four government-owned universities in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria, using a clustered convenience sampling approach. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test three hypotheses. The findings reveal that packaging material attributes jointly and significantly predict beverage brand awareness (R² = 0.434, F = 52.051, p < 0.05), with material durability and quality emerging as the strongest positive predictors. For brand association, packaging material durability exercised a significant inverse influence (R² = 0.243, F = 21.841, p < 0.05), while brand trust was substantially shaped by material durability and safety perceptions (R² = 0.256, F = 23.345, p < 0.05). These results confirm that packaging material characteristics are not merely functional containers but active communicators of brand identity and value. The study contributes theoretically to brand equity literature and provides practical insights for beverage manufacturers seeking to leverage packaging as a strategic brand management tool in competitive markets.

CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NIGERIA’S SOCIO-ECONOMIC SUSTENANCE THROUGH IJAW CULTURAL HERITAGE

Weridonghan, Ernest Jackson (PhD), Fred Mayford, Banabo, Ekankumo (PhD) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between cultural entrepreneurship and socioeconomic sustainability in Nigeria via the perspective of Ijaw cultural heritage in the Niger Delta region. According to the study, indigenous cultural practices are more than just symbolic traditions; they are productive economic resources that can contribute to long-term national development. Using Cultural Economy Theory, the study investigates how Ijaw cultural practices such as fishing, canoe carving, festivals, masquerade performances, crafts, music, dance, and boat regattas serve as entrepreneurial activities that generate employment, tourism, creative innovation, and communal stability. The study also emphasises the importance of indigenous knowledge systems in environmental management, cultural production, and social cohesiveness among Ijaw communities.Using qualitative and analytical approaches, the study identifies major challenges to Ijaw cultural entrepreneurship, such as environmental degradation caused by oil exploration, globalisation, youth migration, insufficient institutional support, and over-commercialization of indigenous traditions. The study concludes that preserving and commercialising Ijaw cultural heritage can significantly boost Nigeria's creative economy and socioeconomic resilience if supported by effective cultural policies, environmental restoration, tourism development, digital promotion, and youth empowerment initiatives. The study recommends for more government and private-sector investment in indigenous cultural industries as feasible pathways to inclusive economic change and sustainable development in Nigeria.

POLLUTION CONTROL COSTS DISCLOSURE AND RETURN ON ASSETS OF LISTED OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Zorkpa, Charles Barinem, Ph. D — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The research examines the relationship between disclosure of pollution control costs and ROA in oil and gas industries in Rivers State, Nigeria. The stakeholder theory is used as a theoretical basis for the study. The study adopted an ex-post facto and correlation type of research designs. The study focuses on five oil and gas companies quoted in the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) in the year 2025. A total of sixty-five samples are analyzed based on thirteen years' data through census sampling technique. Secondary data is collected from published annual reports of these companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Descriptive statistic, Augmented Dickey Fuller test, Hausman tests and regression methods for fixed and random effects are employed in this study. The result reveals that legal compliance cost has a significantly positive effect on the average total asset in these companies in Rivers State. Community development investment cost has a significantly positive effect on the average total asset in these companies in Rivers State. Waste management cost has positively affected the average total asset in these companies in Rivers State..

NUTRITION AWARENESS, SELF-EFFICACY, AND PERCEIVED BARRIERS AS PREDICTORS OF HEALTHY EATING ATTITUDES AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STAFF IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Mahcit Margaret Kazi, Gavou T. Pam, Prof. Larai A. Keswet — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Healthy eating is essential for the prevention of non-communicable diseases and the promotion of overall health and well-being. However, the adoption and maintenance of healthy dietary behaviours are influenced by several psychosocial factors. This study investigated the predictive roles of nutrition awareness, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers on healthy eating attitudes among male university staff in Plateau State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The study population comprised male academic and administrative staff of selected universities in Plateau State, from which a sample of 300 respondents was selected using simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition awareness, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and healthy eating attitudes. The instrument was validated by experts in Home Economics, Nutrition Education, and Measurement and Evaluation, while reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that respondents generally exhibited positive attitudes toward healthy eating. Nutrition awareness (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) demonstrated significant positive relationships with healthy eating attitudes, whereas perceived barriers (r = –0.40, p < 0.001) showed a significant negative relationship. Multiple regression analysis further indicated that self-efficacy (β = 0.25, p = 0.002), perceived benefits (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), and perceived barriers (β = –0.28, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of healthy eating attitudes among the respondents. The study concluded that healthy eating attitudes among male university staff are influenced by both cognitive and environmental factors. It was recommended that workplace nutrition education and health promotion programmes aimed at strengthening self-efficacy and reducing barriers to healthy eating should be intensified to encourage healthier dietary behaviours among university personnel.

ENTHROMENT OF DEMOCRACY A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE 2011 NIGERIA PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION AND 2008 UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study comparatively examines the Nigerian presidential elections of 2007 and 2011 alongside the United States presidential election of 2008 with emphasis on electoral processes, democratic practices, institutional performance, and political party systems. The study observes that while the United States operates a transparent and ideology-driven electoral system supported by strong democratic institutions and credible transition processes, Nigeria’s electoral process has been characterized by electoral violence, rigging, political manipulation, weak institutions, ethnic sentiments, and lack of ideological distinction among political parties. The paper identifies important lessons from the 2008 U.S. election for Nigeria, including the need for transparent electoral processes, free and fair elections, credible leadership selection, and smooth transfer of power. It further notes that the 2011 Nigerian elections recorded significant improvements compared to the widely criticized 2007 elections, particularly in voter registration, result collation, and institutional independence. The study concludes that democratic consolidation in Nigeria depends on electoral reforms, institutional strengthening, political accountability, and adherence to democratic principles capable of ensuring credible elections and sustainable national development.

NUTRITION AWARENESS, SELF-EFFICACY, AND PERCEIVED BARRIERS AS PREDICTORS OF HEALTHY EATING ATTITUDES AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STAFF IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Mahcit Margaret Kazi, Gavou T. Pam, Prof. Larai A. Keswet — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

NIGERIA ROLE IN PEACE - KEEPING IN DARFUR-SUDAN

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper will appraise the role Nigeria has played in peace-keeping in Africa (Darfur in Sudan) from inception in 1956 to date. It will look at the Niger Foreign Policy as relates to other African states, and Nigeria efforts in draw the attention of the international community to the conflict in Sudan. Ma Africans have focused singularly on the effects of the European Conquest Colonization of Africa and its history. African states should be allowed by U.N to handle their internal conflicts by themselves. African state shou contribute their own quota to the military strength needed to make the for stronger in reducing crisis between African states. African states should allow playing a leading role in finding a long lasting solution to the crisis the continent.

Digital Literacy and Secretary’s Job Performance of Rivers State

Gbafah Beauty Lemabari, PhD — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Secretaries play a crucial role in the operational success of real estate companies, particularly in a city like Port Harcourt, where the industry is rapidly growing. However, there has been a notable decline in secretaries' job performance in some real estate firms, attributed to issues such as low productivity, ineffective communication, and poor management of administrative tasks (Brown, 2020). Managers have expressed concerns over the increasing workload that secretaries face without adequate training or technological support, which affects their ability to efficiently handle document management, client communication, and scheduling (Smith, 2021). Additionally, the absence of structured reward systems and inadequate organizational support have further diminished their job satisfaction and overall performance (Adams, 2022). These performance-related issues have impeded the ability of real estate firms to maintain smooth operations, ultimately affecting business outcomes.

SERVICE CONVENIENCE AND CUSTOMER PATRONAGE OF SELECTED HOTELS IN ASABA, DELTA STATE

Asiagwu Catherine Ekene, Idenedo Otite Wisdom, Ebiese Bethel Eseoghene — Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between service convenience dimensions; ease of access, transaction convenience, and benefit convenience and customer patronage. The research was conducted to understand how convenience-related factors influence customer behaviour in service delivery contexts. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to customers. Statistical analysis was carried out using regression techniques to determine the strength and significance of the relationships between the variables. The results revealed that ease of access has a significant positive relationship with customer patronage, indicating that location and accessibility play a crucial role in attracting and retaining customers. Similarly, transaction convenience was found to significantly enhance customer patronage by simplifying and speeding up service processes. Benefit convenience also demonstrated a significant relationship with patronage, highlighting the importance of timely and efficient service delivery. The study concludes that service convenience is a strategic driver of customer patronage. It recommends that service firms improve accessibility, streamline transactions, and ensure efficient benefit delivery to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on service convenience and offer practical insights for managers seeking to strengthen customer relationships in competitive service environments.

SOCIAL PLATFORMS INFLUENCERS AND CONSUMER PURCHASE PATTERNS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS, RIVERS STATE

Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner, Ph.D — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between social platforms influencers and consumer purchase patterns in food and beverage firms, according to Rivers State. The research adopted a descriptive survey design, and the population of the study comprised 25 food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, culled from www.directory.org.ng. Sequel to the population of the study, which is 25 food and beverage firms, the study adopted a census study with a focus on the staff. To generate data for the study, the questionnaire was distributed in batches of five (5) copies per firm. A total of one hundred and twenty-five (125) copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Copies of the questionnaire were administered and distributed to the management staff of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the Spearman Rank-Order Correlational Coefficient for testing the various hypotheses formulated for the study with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings revealed that social platforms influencer dimensions of source attractiveness and source trustworthiness showed a positive, strong, and significant relationship with consumer purchase patterns. It was concluded that food and beverage firms’ managers should pay attention to social platforms influencers via attractiveness and trustworthiness, as it would lead to an increase in customer loyalty and referral. Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, the study recommends that food and beverage firms should advertise their products using only well-known social platforms influencers that are trustworthy, as it will lead to an increase in customers’ loyalty, and also put into consideration the physical attractiveness of the influencer before engaging him or her.

FLEXIBLE OFFICE SOLUTIONS: THE THRUST FOR ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA

Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The paper was inspired by the need to determine the relationship between flexible office solutions and organizational efficiency of commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study utilized the resource based theory by Penrose as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The study population comprised the entire leadership of the twenty three (23) functional and operational commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, five (5) leaders were chosen from branch offices of the twenty three (23) functional and operational commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, giving us a sample of one hundred and five (105) leaders. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. One hundred copies of (100) questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis.
Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between flexible office solutions and organizational efficiency of commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of flexible office solutions in this study should be adopted by commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria so as to drive the overall efficiency of commercial banks in Nigeria.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 2KVA HYBRID SOLAR POWER

Engr. Kema-Okolo Agberia Patience — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Most commercial industrial and domestic process and activities depends on quality and quantity of
electrical power available. This work provides basically an alternative source of electrical energy
especially in an environment where power supply is not stable. It is achieved solely by the conversion
of direct current (A.C). The inverter operates in two modes, normal charging mode where there is
power supply and the backup mode, where there is no power from supply the design and
construction of this work are in module. The modules are power supply unit, charging unit, switch
circuit unit, and inverter unit. the modules are assembled together after construction to form a
complete circuit.

SOCIAL PLATFORMS INFLUENCERS AND CONSUMER PURCHASE PATTERNS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS, RIVERS STATE

Bernard Nwekeala, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

COPING STRATEGIES AND ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION IN RIVERS STATE

Obindah, Fortune (PhD) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between coping strategies and academic stress among undergraduate students at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education in Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the extent to which problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies relate to levels of academic stress. The study adopted a correlational research design and involved a population of 8,000 undergraduate students, from which a sample of 367 students was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and reliability was confirmed through a pilot study with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.82 for coping strategies and 0.85 for academic stress. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a significant negative relationship between problem-focused coping strategies and academic stress (r = -0.462, p < 0.05), indicating that students who actively address academic challenges experienced lower stress. Conversely, a significant positive relationship was found between emotion-focused coping strategies and academic stress (r = 0.314, p < 0.05), suggesting that reliance on emotion-oriented strategies is associated with higher stress levels. The results underscore the importance of adopting effective coping strategies to manage academic stress and highlight the need for interventions that promote problem-solving skills among students. The study recommends workshops, counseling services, and stress management programs that enhance adaptive coping mechanisms to support students’ well-being and academic performance.

JOB ONBOARDING PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed at examining the relationship between job onboarding and employee performance of construction companies in South-South Nigeria. The study has four specific objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses. It also examined the moderating influence of organizational policy. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. The primary population was 30 registered construction companies and the actual population was 150 managers. The study relied on the use of primary data, sourced using structured questionnaire. A total of 150 questionnaire were distributed to respondents, while 127 were successfully retrieved and used in the analysis., hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. The result obtained revealed that there is strong positive relationship between job onboarding practices and employee performance in construction companies in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded all dimensions of job onboarding—namely Job orientation, Job training, role clarity, and organizational policy—significantly influence employee performance. The rejection of all null hypotheses confirmed a strong positive relationship between effective onboarding practices and key performance indicators such as Job Efficiency, job quality, Team Performance, and innovation. Findings revealed that well-structured job orientation fosters creativity and quality output. It was recommended that Construction companies in South-South Nigeria should design comprehensive onboarding programs that go beyond administrative orientation to include mentorship, role clarity, and performance expectations; to maximize the benefits of onboarding, orientation, and training, management should maintain a work environment that values performance, learning, and support.

INFORMATION GOVERNANCE STRATEGY: ASSESSING THE ADMINISTRATIVE ACCOUNTABILITY REFERENTS IN PUBLIC SECTOR INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

ORISAH-GODFREY, Lillian Anyanagba, PhD, ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, PhD — Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The escalating complexity of public administration in the 21st century has necessitated the adoption of sophisticated information management frameworks to ensure that government institutions remain transparent, efficient, and answerable to the citizenry. This study investigates the relationship between Information Governance Strategy and Administrative Accountability in public sector institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. The conceptual framework operationalizes Information Governance Strategy through the lens of process automation, data integration, and information ethics, while Administrative Accountability is measured using transparency and answerability.
Grounded in the Agency, Stewardship, and Weberian Bureaucratic theories, the study explores the mechanisms through which structured information systems mitigate bureaucratic inertia and institutional opacity. A descriptive survey research design was utilized, collecting data from a sample of 450 administrative and academic personnel across ministries and tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between Information Governance Strategy and both measures of Administrative Accountability. Specifically, the integration of digital
information systems facilitates real-time tracking of administrative actions, thereby enhancing the answerability of public officials. Furthermore, process automation was found to reduce the opportunities for administrative discretion, thereby promoting institutional transparency. The study concludes that the institutionalization of a robust information governance framework is a prerequisite for successful administrative reforms in the Rivers State civil service. Recommendations include the development of a comprehensive state-wide digital information policy and the implementation of continuous capacity-building programs for administrative officers to enhance digital literacy and information ethics.

COMPETITIVE AGRESSIVENESS AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF FINTECH IN SOUTH/SOUTH GEOGRAPHIC ZONE, NIGERIA

Adebayo Joshua Olaitan Ph.D — Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically investigated the relationship between competitive aggressiveness and business success of fintech firms in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative research method with emphasis on generalizability of findings across the study population. The population comprised thirty-six (36) fintech firms operating within the South-South region and registered with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as obtained from the official regulatory database (www.cbn.gov.ng). Given the relatively small and accessible population, a census sampling technique was employed, whereby all firms were included in the study. Ten (10) managerial staff were selected from each firm, resulting in a total sample size of three hundred and sixty (360) respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was validated through a pilot study. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, with all constructs achieving a reliability threshold of not less than 0.78, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The formulated hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. The empirical results revealed that competitive aggressiveness has a strong and positive influence on customer loyalty and new customer acquisition among fintech firms in the study area. This indicates that firms demonstrating higher levels of competitive aggressiveness are more likely to achieve improved customer retention, acquisition, and overall market expansion. The study concludes that competitive aggressiveness significantly enhances business success by strengthening customer loyalty and facilitating new customer acquisition in the fintech industry within the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Accordingly, the study recommends that fintech firms should intensify competitive strategies at both organizational and individual managerial levels to sustain growth, improve market positioning, and enhance long-term business performance.

ASSESSMENT OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION PRACTICES FOR OPTIMIZING VALUE FOR MONEY IN MASS HOUSING PROJECT: A CASE STUDY OF ABUJA, NIGERIA

Fai Jotham Joshua, Abdullahi Yusuf Waziri, Sani Abubakar Mohammad. — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study assesses monitoring and evaluation (M & E) practices for enhancing value for money (VfM) in mass housing projects, using Abuja, Nigeria, as a case study. It addresses the gap in effective assessment of M & E practices to optimize VfM in mass housing projects, providing practical insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders. The goal is to improve project management techniques for better VfM. A quantitative approach was used, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 125 construction professionals involved in mass housing projects in Abuja. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data, with results presented in tables. The findings show that although a basic M & E framework exists, its implementation is only moderate. M & E practices are perceived as having limited impact on key VfM dimensions such as quality control, budget management, and public trust. This suggests that major issues like inconsistent application, weak stakeholder engagement, and governance challenges such as corruption threaten VfM achievement. The study concludes that strengthening technical capacity, digital integration, and funding for M & E must be supported by institutional reforms, anti-corruption measures, and mandatory compliance frameworks to maximise its effectiveness in delivering VfM.

PERCEIVED MANAGERIAL SUPPORT AND JOB SATISFACTION OF DELIVERY SERVICE FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

Dr. Victor Barinua — Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between Perceived Managerial support specifically emotional, practical, and informational support and job satisfaction among delivery service Firms in Rivers state Nigeria. The aim was to assess how different forms of supervisory support contribute to employees' satisfaction in a high-demand, fast-paced occupational context. A descriptive
correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed electronically to 5 delivery service firms operating in the region. Three respondents were purposively selected from each firm, resulting in a total sample size of 25. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC). The findings
revealed significant positive relationships between all dimensions of Perceived Managerial support and job satisfaction. Informational support showed the strongest correlation (r = .625, p < .01),
followed by emotional support (r = .550, p < .01), and practical support (r = .407, p < .05). These results suggest that delivery workers are more satisfied with their jobs when they receive consistent guidance, emotional care, and tangible assistance from their supervisors. The study contributes to the limited empirical research on supervisory dynamics in the logistics sector within Nigeria and
emphasizes the critical role of supportive leadership in enhancing employee satisfaction and performance. It is recommended that logistics firms implement supervisor training programs, ensure the provision of essential tools, and establish effective feedback channels to promote a supportive work environment.

EFFECT OF FARMERS-HERDERS’ CONFLICTS ON RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ INCOME IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

EGEDE, Yakubu — Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The farmers-herders conflict is persistent in many regions, leading to significant socio-economic consequences. This study aimed at examine the effect of farmers-herders’ conflicts on household income in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is one million, one hundred and thirty eighty thousand five hundred and thirty two (1,138,532) farmers and herders from the six local government areas of Adamawa state which were purposively sampled for the study based on the intensity of the conflicts. Out of this population, four hundred (400) respondents were sampled which comprises of 300 crop farmers and 100 herders. Multiple regression analysis using E-view was used to determine the effects of farmers-herders’ conflicts on rural Household Income in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The finding of the study revealed that environmental, political-institutional and economic factors have negative and significant effect on rural household income with coefficient of -0.2444 (0,020), -0.3522 (0.015) and -0.250 (0.074) respectively while social and ethno-religious factors do not have a significant effect on rural household income with coefficient 0.1511 (0.2885) and -0.0326 (0.7670) respectively. It was recommended among other things that policy interventions such as promoting ranching and modernizing livestock management through the National Livestock Transformation Plan (NLTP), establishing Rural Grazing Area (RUGA) settlements and enacting legislation prohibiting open grazing in some states among other that can address the underlying factors of conflicts and promote peaceful coexistence between farmers and herders are essential to mitigate the negative effects of farmers-herders conflicts on rural household income in Adamawa State and Nigeria at large.

EFFECTS OF COMPUTER ANIMATION PACKAGE ON SENIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN JOS NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Obed Musa Yilshik, Prof. Fellicia O. Agbo, Dr. Friday John — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the effects of computer animation package on senior secondary two students’ achievement in Biology in Jos North LGA, Plateau State. Two objectives were stated; two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design, specifically the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control- group design. The population of the study consisted of all 731 SS 2 students (392 males and 339 females) who were offering Biology in the 22 public senior secondary schools in Jos North LGA, Plateau State in the 2024/2025 academic session. A sample of 52 students (21 males and 31 females) drawn from two intact classes from two schools selected from the 22 public senior secondary schools in Jos North Using stratified sampling technique participated in the study. Data were collected using Biology Achievement Test (BAT). It consisted of 40 multiple choice questions with options A-D. The questions were adapted from West Africa Senior School Certificate Examination and JAMB past question papers. The maximum marks obtainable was 100, while the minimum obtainable marks were 0. Three experts validated the instrument. The reliability of the BAT was established using Kuder-Richardson 20 (K-R20) method which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.93. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. While, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings show that CAP had significant positive effects on the achievement of students in Biology as the the experimental group had higher achievement mean gain than the respondents in the control group. The study also found that no significant difference existed between the achievement mean scores of male and female students in the experimental group hence the students did not differ significantly in their achievement based on gender. It was recommended that the Federal and state governments, school authorities including NGOs should devote more fund to providing information technology tools and reliable power sources to secondary schools, teachers’ should be train on use of computer animation in schools and also be encouraged to integrate computer mediated teaching strategies like the use of computer animation package in the teaching and learning of their various subjects.

MARKETING LOGISTICS ADOPTION AND CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

Amungo, Domotimi , D. C. Igani (Ph.D.) — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper empirically examine marketing logistics and consumer buying behaviour of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study objective was to determine the relationship between marketing logistics and consumer buying behaviour of the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The population of the study comprised of all the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The research design adopted for the study correlation analysis. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistics stated was used to test the hypotheses and supplemented with use of SPSS version 21.0. The result of the study indicated that delivery speed has a strong positive and significant relationship with repurchase intention and also a very strong positive and significant relationship with customer loyalty. We therefore concluded that marketing logistic has a very strong positive significant with consumer buying behaviour of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. Based on the conclusion, it is recommended that food and beverage firm should invest in systems that allow them together and have about products in other to enhance delivery speed, customers will enable them to dealer services that, meet customer needs and that forms should regularly conduct market research to understand changing customers preferences, in other to enhance current customer expectations.

EFFECT OF MARITAL COUNSELLING ON MARITAL ADJUSTMENT OF COUPLES IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Rahab Suvallari Joel Pweddon, PhD, Grace Onyowo Ugboha, PhD — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effects of marital counselling on marital adjustment among couples in Jos Metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. Marital adjustment is essential for sustaining stable and satisfying relationships; however, many couples encounter challenges such as ineffective communication, financial strain, and unresolved conflicts. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. The target population comprises married couples within Jos Metropolis, from which a representative sample of 50 couples was selected using stratified random sampling technique. 50 couples were assigned to treatment (n=26) and control (n=24) groups. The treatment group received 8 sessions of marital counselling, while the control group received no intervention. Instruments used were validated by experts in Educational Foundations Department, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, and reliability method applied. This gave an index of 0.75. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics of t-test of independent sampling. Results showed significant improvements in marital satisfaction, communication patterns, and conflict resolution skills among treated couples. Socio-demographic factors such as age, educational level, and income moderated the effectiveness of marital counselling. Based on the findings, the study concluded that marital counselling plays a vital role in promoting healthy marital relationships and reducing the incidence of marital instability. It was recommended that professional counselling services be made more accessible and affordable to couples.

SELF-SERVICE TECHNOLOGY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF HOSPITAITY INDUSTRY IN PORT-HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

Wokeh, Promise Ikechi PhD , Ogbuehi Asite PhD — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between self-service technology and financial performance of selected hospitality industry in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State. The survey research design was adopted for this research study. The population of the study consisted of management staff of selected four-star hotels in Rivers State, while a total of 200 designated employees from the 12 hotels constituted the sample size. Four hypotheses were proposed and tested using Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. Results indicated that self-service technology is strong and positively related with financial performance. Thus, it was concluded that self-service technology is a managerial tool that help hotels improve their financial performance. This study therefore, recommended that hotel management should use computerized services in the reservation system to create invoices and bills, to check-in and check-out guests; to record guest expenditure and share information within and across the hotel. By using these computerized reservation systems customers can effectively communicate with the staff in real-time, and their needs are attended to immediately. These services have been confirmed by this research to improve hotel service quality and staff performance.

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, AND ENTREPRENEURIAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SDGS IN MONGUNO, NIGERIA

Mohammed Ali Abadam — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the intersections of institutional support, the policy environment, and entrepreneurial contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Monguno Local Government Area (LGA), Borno State, Nigeria—a conflict-affected, displacement-hosting secondary urban centre in the Lake Chad Basin. The research is located at the nexus of two analytical domains: the developmental role of entrepreneurship in post-conflict and fragile settings, and the structural conditions—institutional capacity, regulatory quality, and policy coherence—that enable or constrain entrepreneurial activity. Embedded within a thematic focus on human security, social cohesion, and internal displacement, the study examines how entrepreneurial ecosystems function under conditions of protracted displacement and how institutional frameworks can be restructured to amplify the contributions of entrepreneurship to SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Methodologically, the study employs a mixed-methods design combining structured enterprise surveys (n = 380), key informant interviews (n = 26), focus group discussions (n = 10), and institutional document analysis across five purposively selected wards in Monguno town. The study is anchored in Institutional Theory, Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Theory, and the Human Security Framework. Findings reveal that entrepreneurial activity in Monguno is characterised by high informality, vulnerability to security shocks, and systematic exclusion of internally displaced persons (IDPs) from formal support mechanisms. Institutional support is fragmented, poorly coordinated, and biased toward registered, host-community-owned enterprises. Policy incoherence between humanitarian, developmental, and economic governance frameworks further undermines entrepreneurial potential. The paper argues that realising the SDG contributions of entrepreneurship in Monguno requires a paradigm shift toward inclusive, conflict-sensitive, and displacement-aware enterprise development policy, supported by strengthened local institutions and coherent multi-level governance.

ORGANISATIONAL TRUST AND EMPLOYEE WORK PASSION OF PRIVATE HOSPITALS IN PORT HARCOURT: THE MODERATING ROLE OF POWER DISTANCE

Jacob, Madighi Ph.D — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This “study examined the moderating role of power distance on the relationship between organisational trust and employee work passion in private hospitals in Port Harcourt. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, with data collected from 93 healthcare workers using a structured questionnaire. The study was anchored on social exchange theory, which explains how trust fosters positive employee attitudes such as work passion. Moderated multiple regression analysis revealed that organisational trust has a positive and significant effect on employee work passion, while power distance also significantly influences work outcomes. The findings further showed that power distance significantly moderates the relationship between organisational trust and employee work passion, with the interaction term indicating a moderate effect. Specifically, lower power distance strengthens the positive impact of trust on work passion through improved communication, participation, and mutual respect. Conversely, higher power distance weakens this relationship by limiting openness and employee involvement. The study concludes that organisational trust alone is not sufficient to drive employee work passion without considering the hierarchical context within hospitals. It therefore recommends that private hospital management should reduce excessive hierarchical barriers and promote open communication to enhance trust and stimulate employee work passion for improved healthcare service” delivery.

INTERNAL MARKETING AND EFFECTIVE SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE HOTEL SERVICE SECTOR

UYO, Elozino Emmanuella, Olannye A. P. — Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the role of internal marketing in motivating hotel employees and enhancing service delivery in Nigeria's hospitality industry. The study was anchored on the Relationship-Mediated Theory of Internal Marketing. A quantitative survey design was employed, involving a sample of 368-line staff from 10 randomly selected hotels located in each of the 25 local government areas in Delta state, Nigeria. Sample size was derived using the Krejcie and Morgan Table for sample size determination. Data were collected through a structured five-point Likert Scale questionnaire consisting of 8 closed-ended questions and a demographic section, administered via online survey on 50 selected hotels in the state. Each hotel had 10 employees to respond to the survey. To ensure validity and reliability, pilot testing and Cronbach's alpha analysis were conducted. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to ascertain the extent to which a change in internal marketing dimensions accounted for a change in the quality of service delivery by hotel employees. Findings reveal that effective communication has a strong positive effect on quality-of-service delivery (r = 0.518, Beta = 0.392, p < 0.05), while staff training also significantly boosts service quality (r = 0.456, Beta = 0.279, p < 0.05). These factors are crucial for motivating hotel service providers, improving job satisfaction, and driving better performance. The study underscores the need for appropriate communication channels and regular staff training and development strategies to enhance productivity in the hospitality sector.

ENTREPRENUERIAL PROACTIVENESS AND BUSINESS SUCCESS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGES FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

Banabo, Ekankumo — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The food and beverage industry in Nigeria has become one of the most vibrant sectors contributing significantly to employment generation, income creation, and economic development. However, the industry faces intense competition, changing consumer preferences, economic instability, and operational challenges that threaten the survival and growth of businesses. In response to these challenges, entrepreneurial proactiveness has emerged as a critical factor influencing business success. Entrepreneurial proactiveness refers to the ability of entrepreneurs to anticipate future market demands, identify opportunities ahead of competitors, and take strategic actions that enhance organizational performance and sustainability. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and business success in the food and beverage industry in Nigeria. Specifically, the study explores how proactive entrepreneurial behaviors such as innovation, market anticipation, strategic planning, and opportunity recognition contribute to profitability, customer satisfaction, market expansion, and long-term sustainability. The research further investigates the extent to which proactive business strategies enable food and beverage firms to adapt to Nigeria’s dynamic business environment. The study adopts a descriptive research approach and relies on existing literature and empirical evidence to establish the importance of entrepreneurial proactiveness in achieving business success. Findings indicate that proactive entrepreneurs are more likely to achieve competitive advantage, improve operational efficiency, and sustain growth despite economic uncertainties. The study concludes that entrepreneurial proactiveness plays a significant role in enhancing business success in Nigeria’s food and beverage sector and recommends that entrepreneurs continuously develop innovative and forward-looking strategies to remain competitive

PREDICTIVE MODELING OF PATIENT RADIATION DOSE IN CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY IN NIGERIAN HOSPITALS

Egagifo, O, Akpolile A.F, Omamoke O. E Enaroseha , Agbajor, G.K — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluated the patient’s radiation doses in conventional radiography at three government hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria and established predictive models for estimating the entrance skin dose (ESD) from routine exposure parameters. Data of 761 adult patients examined in abdomen, chest, lumbosacral region, pelvis and skull were analyzed. The ESD was measured with a calibrated Unfors Multi-O-Meter 710L with a water phantom according to the IAEA (2025). The mean ESD value was observed to be the highest in lumbosacral examinations (3.73±1.08 mGy) and the lowest in chest examinations (0.42±0.38 mGy). Pearson correlation analysis showed a very strong positive correlation between ESD and kerma-area product (r=0.963) and between ESD and the kVp×mAs product (r=0.945). Linear regression modeling exhibited excellent predictive performance, with coefficient of determination and Root Mean Square Error of (R²=0.937 and RMSE=0.425 mGy). Logistic regression classification accurately classified low- versus high-dose examinations (median threshold 1.60 mGy) with 96.7% accuracy. The local DRLs based on the 75th percentile of the ESD distributions compared well to international benchmarks. Results demonstrate that patient ESD can be predicted from routinely recorded exposure parameters with good reliability, using simple interpretable machine learning models, providing a low-cost and scalable decision-support tool for dose optimization in resource-limited healthcare settings.

INFLUENCE OF REMUNERATION AND FRINGE BENEFITS ON JOB PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS STUDIES TEACHERS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of remuneration and fringe benefits on the job performance of Business Studies teachers in public junior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a sample of 342 Business Studies teachers selected through a census/purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and linear regression analysis at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that both remuneration (grand mean = 2.95) and fringe benefits (grand mean = 3.02) had a moderate but significant positive influence on job performance. The regression analysis showed that remuneration significantly predicted job performance, and fringe benefits were also a significant predictor. The study concludes that adequate financial rewards and welfare packages are essential for enhancing teacher effectiveness. Recommendations include prompt salary payment, regular allowances, improved housing and health benefits, and comprehensive welfare packages for teachers.

THE ADVENT OF THE APOSTOLIC CHURCH NIGERIA AND THE EULOGISTORY OF PASTOR E. E. OKON, 1931 – 2010

Thomas Thomas — Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The history of The Apostolic Church Nigeria remains one of the most significant narratives in the development of Pentecostal Christianity in Nigeria and West Africa. Yet, despite the remarkable spread and influence of the church, historical distortions, institutional amnesia, and conflicting interpretations have continued to obscure the actual origins and growth of the movement. Central to these controversies is the place of the late Pastor Eyo Edet Okon, whose role in the establishment and expansion of the church in Eastern Nigeria has often been either exaggerated or inadequately represented. While some traditions erroneously regard him as the founder of the church in Nigeria, others diminish his strategic contributions to the growth of Apostolic Christianity in the region. This study examines the advent of The Apostolic Church in Nigeria and reconstructs the historical significance of Pastor E. E. Okon within that development. The paper adopts the framework of eulogistory — a historiographical approach that critically studies the celebration, memorialization, and heroic reconstruction of historical figures without abandoning empirical historical methods. Through this lens, the paper interrogates how memory, reverence, oral traditions, institutional narratives, and regional loyalties have shaped the image of Pastor Okon in Apostolic historiography. Using socio-historical and interdisciplinary methodologies, the study relies on oral interviews, church records, anniversary publications, memoirs, and secondary historical materials to reconstruct the emergence of The Apostolic Church in Nigeria from its formal affiliation with the British Apostolic movement in 1931. The paper argues that although Pastor E. E. Okon was not the founder of The Apostolic Church Nigeria, his evangelical zeal, pioneering efforts, linguistic mediation, and leadership in Eastern Nigeria made him one of the most influential indigenous architects of the church’s expansion. The work concludes that preserving accurate church history is essential for preventing institutional confusion and for understanding the broader development of Pentecostalism in Nigeria.

ENTREPRENEURIAL PROACTIVENESS AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE.

Olatokunbo Tolulope Ojo Ph. D , Barile Laius Ikari Ph.D. — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The research focused on entrepreneurial proactiveness and business success of insurance firms in Rivers State. The main objective was to determine the relationship between dimensions of on entrepreneurial proactiveness (opportunity recognition, goal orientation & market leadership) and business success Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 26 insurance firms. The sample size of 85 respondents was obtained using census and purposive sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the research instrument was obtained using Test-retest method with Cronbach alpha at a 0.70 threshold which implies that the items were reliable. The data retrieved was 80 and used for analysis using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 for the test of hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Based on the results, dimensions of entrepreneurial proactiveness (opportunity recognition, goal orientation & market leadership) have a positive correlation with business success. Therefore, the study concluded that entrepreneurial proactiveness (opportunity recognition, goal orientation & market leadership) influence business success. Hence, the study recommended that entrepreneurs should continuously develop their skills in opportunity recognition through market research, environmental scanning, and business success training to identify and exploit emerging business prospects.

STRATEGIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION COMPANIES, JALINGO, TARABA STATE

Liatu Daniel Elisha — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated strategic resource allocation and competitive advantage in Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) companies in Jalingo, Taraba State. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and twenty (120) senior management staff of the GSM companies (MTN, Airtel, GLO, and 9Mobile), out of which 92 was obtained as the sample size using Taro Yamane’s formula. A structured questionnaire was used as the primary instrument for the study. Ninety-two (92) copies of structured questionnaires were randomly administered on senior management staff of four (4) GSM companies. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyzed the data. The regression analysis model was used to test the research hypotheses. The study revealed that there is a significant positive effect of resource identification on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo, there is a significant positive effect of matching resource to needs on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo, there is also a significant positive effect of customer focus on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo. The results indicate that strategic resource allocation is a crucial component that organisations must address in order to achieve a competitive edge. The study recommended that GSM companies in Jalingo should prioritize the systematic identification of resources by accurately identifying resources, GSM companies should develop mechanisms for evaluating current and future needs and strategically allocate resources and that GSM companies should embed customer-centric strategies into their core operations.

ENTREPRENEURIAL BRAND PERSONALITY AND MARKETING WELLBEING OF LUXURY HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Ben Nwekeala, Ph.D, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner, Ph.D — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract
this study investigated the relationship between Entrepreneurial Brand Personality and Marketing Wellbeing of Luxury Hotels in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it examined how brand trust and brand excitement relate with customer loyalty and repeat purchase behavior. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised 30 registered luxury hotels in Port Harcourt, from which a census sampling technique was employed. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to 90 staff members, out of which 80 valid responses were retrieved. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, with hypotheses tested at a 0.05 significance level. The results revealed strong and statistically significant positive correlations between entrepreneurial brand personality and marketing wellbeing. Brand trust was strongly related to customer loyalty and repeat purchase. Similarly, brand excitement demonstrated a strong relationship with customer loyalty and repeat purchase. The study concluded that entrepreneurial brand personality, particularly trust and excitement, serves as a vital intangible resource that enhances marketing wellbeing in the hospitality industry. By strengthening trust and creating emotionally engaging experiences, luxury hotels can foster long-term customer relationships and competitive advantage. This study recommended that luxury hotels should reinforce brand trust by consistently delivering reliable services, honoring commitments, and maintaining transparency with guests. Second, management should cultivate brand excitement through innovative experiences, personalized services, and dynamic marketing strategies that differentiate their offerings in a competitive marketplace.

EMOTIONAL APPEAL AND CONSUMER RESPONSES TO BEAUTY CARE ADVERTISEMENT IN RIVERS STATE.

Dr. Bright Emenike Wilson — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between emotional appeal and consumer responses to beauty care advertisement in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research question and two hypotheses were tested; the study adopted correlational survey research design. The study adopted correlational survey research design. The population of this study comprised of the customers of the sixteen (16) registered beauty care outlets in Rivers State. A total of 400 customers were used on the basis of .25 customers per outlet. Reliability analysis was performed on the data using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient and it stood at 0.98. The data collected for the study were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The multiple regression analysis was adopted; the findings revealed that both appeals had a significant effect on the consumer response. The results further suggested that humour appeal is more influential than fear appeal. This study concludes that emotional appeal significantly relates with consumer responses to beauty care advertisement in Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study, the recommends that beauty care managers should focus on emotional appeal to ensure that their companies address adequately consumer response and actions to enhance patronage.

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND PROFITABILITY OF FIRMS QUOTED IN NIGERIA

Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research analyses the impact of working capital management on the profitability of firms listed in Nigeria during the period from 2019 to 2024. This study employs a quantitative, ex-post-facto research design, analysing a sample of 25 firms across three sectors: industrial goods, healthcare, and construction/real estate, drawn from the population of all listed firms in the Nigerian exchange group. The researcher performs a preliminary analysis utilising descriptive statistics and a pairwise correlation matrix before executing the panel regression analysis. We conducted the Hausman specification test as a diagnostic tool for the analysis. The research results show a mixed picture: working capital turnover and current ratio have positive but not strong effects on profitability, while the cash conversion cycle has a negative and strong effect on the profitability of listed firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that liquidity and turnover are significant elements of working capital management; however, they do not independently influence profitability. Conversely, an increase in the cash conversion cycle is likely to result in a substantial reduction in firm profits. The study suggests that firm management should develop strategies to enhance profitability by reducing cash conversion cycles, ensuring optimal liquidity levels, and implementing best practices from established firms.

SECURITY AWARENESS AND INNOVATIVENESS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between security awareness and innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Tao Yamene Sampling Formula. In order to address the differences in the distribution of the population across the firms, Bowley’s 1960 Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was applied. Thus, the study adopted the random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Test-retest Method. In line with the sample size, a total of One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) copies of the validated questionnaire were distributed to the targeted audience through the help of two research assistants. The researchers were able to retrieve One Hundred and Fifty (150) copies of the entire validated questionnaire distributed. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used for the research question analyses, while the test of hypotheses was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between security awareness and innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that security correlates with innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. When information assets are safeguarded, office managers are better positioned to coordinate resources, maintain accuracy in records, and supervise staff without the distraction of security breaches or data loss. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security, and reliability of records management.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (A.I) IN HISTORY TEACHING IN BAYELSA STATE

Epem Ubodiom — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into educational systems presents transformative
potential, yet its adoption is fraught with context-specific challenges. This study assessed the
challenges associated with the use of Artificial Intelligence in History teaching in Bayelsa State,
Nigeria. As a discipline rooted in narrative, interpretation, and critical analysis, History education
faces unique hurdles in the digital transition. The primary objective of this research was to identify
the technological, pedagogical, and perceptual barriers hindering the effective integration of AI tools
in secondary school History classrooms. This study employed data from both primary and secondary
sources, and equally adopted the use of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as template for
analysis. The findings revealed a significant gap between the theoretical benefits of AI and its
practical application. Key challenges identified included a critical deficit in digital infrastructure,
characterized by unreliable electricity and internet connectivity, particularly in riverine areas.
Furthermore, the study showed that a substantial lack of AI literacy and pedagogical training among
History educators was evident, fostering skepticism and resistance to technological adoption. The
study also found a lack of context-specific AI tools designed for the Nigerian History curriculum,
raising concerns about cultural relevance and historical accuracy. The study established that without
targeted intervention, the digital divide may exacerbate educational inequalities, depriving students
in Bayelsa State of innovative and engaging methods of historical inquiry. The study recommended
for institutional capacity building and teacher training, improvement of digital infrastructure in
schools, development of localized and context-sensitive AI content, and the establishment of
regulatory and ethical frameworks. It concluded that the deployment of Artificial Intelligence in
history teaching in Bayelsa State presents significant structural, pedagogical, and ethical challenges
that constrain its optimal utilization. However, if the state must achieve its desired outcomes, then,
investment in technology driven education is the way to go.

CONCEPTUALIZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RECORDS MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION MANAGER PERFORMANCE: A MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE.

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determine the relationship between records management and information manager performance and: A moderating role of organizational culture. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The study concluded that it takes effective records management to enhance the ability of information managers performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

DEBT STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi, Dr. Nwodimkpa Given Igochukwu — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF STUDENT ATTITUDE SCALES TOWARD STEM SUBJECTS AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

West Jenbarimiema, PhD — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a student attitude scale toward STEM subjects among senior secondary school students in Rivers State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with 410 students sampled through a multistage procedure. Data were collected using a structured Student Attitude toward STEM Scale and analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, alongside reliability and construct validity assessments. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a clear three-factor structure Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived usefulness accounting for 72.6% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the model fit (χ²/df = 2.46; CFI = 0.942; TLI = 0.931; RMSEA = 0.054; SRMR = 0.047). Internal consistency reliability was high (α = 0.842–0.912), and construct validity assessments confirmed both convergent and discriminant validity. Findings indicate that the scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring student attitudes toward STEM in the Rivers State context. The study recommends the regular use of the scale for assessment, targeted curricular interventions to trengthen the identified dimensions of attitude, longitudinal application for monitoring attitude changes, and teacher training programs that enhance self-efficacy and perceived usefulness of STEM subjects.

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LEASE FINANCING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically examined the effect of lease financing on the financial performance of listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria over the period 2019–2023. The study was motivated by the persistent capital constraints, high cost of asset acquisition, and regulatory compliance pressures facing pharmaceutical firms, which make traditional financing options less accessible and position leasing as a potential alternative source of finance. Guided by the Trade-off Theory and Agency Theory, the study adopted an ex post facto research design and used secondary data extracted from the published financial statements of the seven (7) pharmaceutical companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. Lease financing was proxied by Operating Lease (OPL) and Financial Lease (FIL), while financial performance was measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression techniques with the aid of E-Views software. The findings revealed that operating lease has a significant effect on both ROA and ROCE, while financial lease has a significant effect on ROA but an insignificant effect on ROCE. Overall, the results indicate that lease financing exerts a significant influence on the financial performance of listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria, though the direction and magnitude of the effect vary by lease type and performance measure. The study concludes that leasing remains a strategic financing instrument for pharmaceutical firms but requires careful structuring to enhance financial performance. The study therefore recommends that pharmaceutical companies should prioritize financial lease agreements over operating leases for assets that support long-term growth and profitability, companies should implement detailed cost-benefit analyses for both operating and financial leases to optimize their impact on financial performance, ensuring that leasing decisions align with overall financial goals.

IMPACT OF TEACHING PRACTICE ON INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL UTILIZATION AND SUBJECT MATTER MASTERY SKILLS OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study determined the impact of teaching practice on instructional material utilization and subject matter mastery skills of business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Two specific purposes guided the study, with two corresponding research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 387 business education students in colleges of education across Adamawa State, and due to the manageable size, the entire population was utilized. A structured questionnaire titled "Impact of Teaching Practice on Teaching Skills of Business Education Students Questionnaire" (ITPTSBESQ) was developed by the researcher on a 4-point rating scale. The instrument was validated by three experts in research methodology from Modibbo Adama University, Yola. A pilot test was conducted at Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe, to establish the reliability of the instrument, and Cronbach Alpha coefficient analysis yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.739. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using Simple Linear Regression at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that teaching practice had a significant impact on instructional material utilization skills and subject matter mastery skills of business education students. The study concluded that teaching practice exerts positive and significant impact on the nature and quality of instructional material utilization skills and subject matter mastery skills among business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended that government should extend and implement the proposed stipend for students on teaching practice to enable them procure equipment for improvising and utilizing instructional materials in teaching and learning processes. Additionally, admission into business education programmes should be strictly merit-based to admit competent candidates who can effectively master subject matter, thereby enhancing effective curriculum delivery in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria.

STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILL ACQUISITION THROUGH THE CLOTHING AND TEXTILE CURRICULUM IN HOME ECONOMICS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Susan Eloyi Ochigbo, Gavour Pam , Prof. Larai A. Keswet — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluates the implementation of the Senior Secondary School Home Economics Clothing and Textile curriculum for entrepreneurial skill acquisition in Plateau State, Nigeria. Using an evaluation research design with 202 SS3 students and 44 teachers/administrators from the Central Senatorial Zone, the study employed questionnaires and checklists to assess skill acquisition, challenges, and strategies. Findings indicate that entrepreneurial skill acquisition is slightly above average, though hampered by insufficient funding, inadequate teaching resources, limited practical exposure, and poor infrastructure. A moderate negative correlation was found between implementation challenges and skill acquisition, though not statistically significant. The study recommends increased funding, teacher training, and industry collaboration to enhance curriculum delivery and equip students with market-relevant skills for self-employment in the textile and fashion sector.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATE ADMINISTRATION: A CASE STUDY OF MAI MALAH HOUSING ESTATE, ALONG MAIDUGURI-GASHUA BYPASS, DAMATURU, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

Bulama Alhaji Abatcha, Mohammed Alhaji Bukar, Ali Badema — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study addresses critical inefficiencies in manual record-keeping systems in Nigerian public housing by developing an integrated database system for Mai Malah Housing Estate, Damaturu, Yobe State. Methodology: Grounded in the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, the study employed a hybrid methodological approach combining field reconnaissance using GPS technology, spatial data processing in ArcGIS 10.7.1, and relational database design in MySQL following Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) principles. Findings: The implemented system managed 147 property records with an average query response time of 0.43 seconds, representing a 99.97% improvement over manual methods. Database analysis revealed estate composition of 118 residential parcels (80.3%) and 29 commercial parcels (19.7%), with occupancy patterns showing 68 male-headed (46.3%) and 52 female-headed households (35.4%). Practical Implications: The study provides a validated implementation blueprint for digital transformation in Nigeria's public housing sector, offering practical solutions to data fragmentation and inefficiency challenges while demonstrating substantial operational benefits. This research contributes a comprehensive case study of integrated database system implementation in Nigeria's secondary cities, extending the TOE framework to post-conflict housing contexts and providing empirical performance metrics for technology adoption decisions.

SOFT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ALIGNMENT AND EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY OF ORGANISATIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

Dr. Vinazor James Enwin — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This seminar explores the critical role of soft human resource alignment in enhancing creativity within organizations, focusing on dimensions such as communication and business transparency, and measures including initiative and innovation. Effective communication and transparency are foundational to creating a workplace environment where trust and openness prevail, enabling employees to freely exchange ideas and collaborate more effectively. By fostering a culture that values these dimensions, organizations can better align their human resources with creative goals. Additionally, promoting initiative and supporting innovative practices are key measures that drive employee engagement and creative problem-solving. This seminar will examine how aligning these HR practices with organizational objectives can lead to increased creativity, improved performance, and sustainable growth. Practical strategies for implementing these alignment practices will also be discussed, providing actionable insights for enhancing both individual and collective creative potential.

DEMOCRACY STABILITY IN NIGERIA – “THE BLACK GOLD CRISES” A STUDY OF IJAW NATION STATE

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The ljaw Nation state is a very important part of the country. It is the major source of the wealth of the nation. In spite of its economic relevance to the country, the area remains impoverished The poverty level and under-development in the region is nothing to write home about. It is due to this obnoxious situation, that these studies tend to understand the cause and the way forward to study this unacceptable situation, this research, reviled wholly on secondary data, that is library research Textbooks, magazines, journals, newspapers and the internet were consulted and relied upon as the relevant sources of data. One of the findings is political marginalization depicted in their minor representation in government. Another is the favorable revenue allocation formula and thirdly, is the unacceptable environmental condition of the oil producing communities of South-South, Nigeria, should be given adequate number of positions in the political decision-making body. Secondly, the revenue allocation formula should be reviewed to 50% derivation of oil producing states and thirdly, to fashion out remediation programmes to address the environmental degradation in the oil producing communities by federal government and oil companies. Also, there is every need to fast-track development activities in the ljaw minority ethnic group.

FAMILY STRUCTURE IN SHAPING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIAN COMMUNITIES: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

Oko Ume Okorie, PhD , Allwell Ome-Egeonu — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper discussed the role of family structure in juvenile deviance in the Nigerian communities in relation to the interaction of social-economic factors and regional-disparities with family structures. The research was based on the Hirschi Social Control Theory that highlights family attachment, involvement, and supervision as factors in delinquency prevention. The study employed a qualitative methodology, using secondary data sources (textbooks, journal articles and government reports), and content analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that the single-parent families were the most related to juvenile delinquency because of emotional neglect, lack of supervision, and poverty. Poor communication and inconsistent parenting were some of the factors that influenced nuclear families, which are usually stable and led to delinquency. The extended families, despite the fact that they provided more comprehensive support, also had the problem of inconsistent parenting and adverse influences. Also, externalized institutions like schools, religious groups and peer groups were also found to play a significant role in delinquency with positive peer environment and school environment decreasing delinquent behaviors. Juvenile delinquency was worsened by socio-economic determinants such as poverty, unemployment and also regional inequalities, especially in poor regions such as the Niger Delta and the North of Nigeria. Finally, the paper has emphasized the intricate interplay between family structure, community norms and socio-economic status in the development of juvenile delinquency. The results highlighted the importance of multi-dimensional interventions to deal with these factors. Strategies such as enhancing family support mechanisms, encouraging positive peer and in-school interventions and relaxing socio-economic disparities with specific development programmes are recommended.

POLITICAL MARKETING ADVERTISING AND CANDIDATE MARKETABILITY IN RIVERS STATE.

Ehio, Victor Nzeyele, (Ph.D), Mbaka, Ngwiate (PhD) — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Political marketing advertising has become a central feature of modern electoral campaigns, serving as a strategic communication tool through which political actors seek to attract public attention and shape voter perceptions. This study examined the relationship between political marketing advertising and candidate marketability in Rivers State, Nigeria, with particular emphasis on three indicators: name recognition, favourability, and electoral viability. A quantitative research approach was employed using a descriptive survey design to collect data from registered voters across selected local government areas in the state. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) with the support of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated a very strong and statistically significant relationship between in political marketing advertising and candidate name recognition (r = 0.909, p < 0.05). A similarly strong positive relationship was found between political marketing advertising and candidate favourability (r = 0.873, p < 0.05). In contrast, the relationship between political advertising and electoral viability was positive but moderate (r = 0.528, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that while political marketing advertising substantially enhances candidate visibility and contributes to the formation of favourable voter perceptions, its influence on perceived electoral competitiveness is comparatively limited and mediated by other political marketing and contextual factors. The study concludes that political marketing advertising remains an important component of campaign strategy in Rivers State, but its effectiveness is maximised when integrated with broader political mobilisation and organisational efforts.

BLUE ECONOMY ACTIVITIES AND LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION AMONG FISHERS IN BRASS ISLAND IN BAYELSA STATE

Tarelayefa Clarke — Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined household water insecurity and associated health outcomes in flood-prone communities of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, with 384 respondents selected from Yenagoa, Brass, Nembe, and Amassoma using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using the Household Water Insecurity and Health Outcomes Questionnaire (HWIHQQ), with a reliability coefficient of 0.82. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses (t-test and ANOVA) were employed at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed significant seasonal variation in water insecurity, with greater challenges during the flood season. Households adopted coping strategies such as water treatment and reliance on alternative sources, though these were associated with increased stress and reduced well-being. Flooding significantly degraded water quality and increased the prevalence of water-related illness. Access to functional water infrastructure was found to significantly reduce household vulnerability. The study concludes that seasonal flooding is a key driver of water insecurity and health risks and recommends the provision of flood-resilient water systems and improved water infrastructure.

INFLUENCE OF PROMOTION MIX ON CONSUMER BUYING DECISION OF SMARTPHONE BRANDS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA

Usman Aminu, Mohammed Modibbo Buba (PhD), Muhammad Shamsuddeen Bello — Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of promotion mix elements on consumer buying decisions regarding smartphone brands among university students in Gombe State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to assess the effects of advertising and sales promotion on students' buying decisions. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 26,876 university students in Gombe State during the 2024/2025 academic session. A sample of 394 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane’s formula and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was validated by senior lecturers and found reliable with a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.84. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using simple linear regression at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that advertising had a high influence (x̄ = 3.45; σ = 1.21), while sales promotion had a very high influence (x̄ = 3.67; σ = 1.18). Regression analysis indicated a significant positive influence for both advertising and sales promotion (p < 0.05). Collectively, the promotion mix explained 60.2% of the variations in buying decisions (R² = 0.602). The study concludes that promotion strategies significantly shape students’ decisions, increasing financial risk in university students’ spending. The study recommends that smartphone marketers emphasize value-based promotions, accurate product information, and ethical selling practices. Additionally, universities and student bodies should promote consumer education to help students critically evaluate promotional messages and make informed purchasing decisions that align with their academic and financial needs.

PACKAGE MATERIAL AND BEVERAGE BRAND AWARENESS AMONG HOUSEWIVES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Ewhrudjakpor Oke Thomas — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Package material attributes consist of package quality, durability, safety, sophistication, and perceived cost. These attributes function as intrinsic quality signals that consumers use to identify and categorise brands at the retail shelf, making them potent brand awareness drivers. This study examined the influence of package material attributes on beverage brand awareness among housewives in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. 346 housewives participated in a cross-sectional survey. Five material attribute items were regressed against brand awareness. The model achieved the highest R² in the packaging-awareness series (R² = 0.434, F(5, 340) = 52.051, p < 0.001). Material durability (β = 0.417) and sophistication (β = −0.392) were dominant. The null hypothesis was rejected. In conclusion, Package material is a more powerful predictor of brand awareness than design, with durability as the primary positive driver. Manufacturers should invest strategically in durable packaging materials as a brand awareness lever.

THE SPECIFIC RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES USED BY CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA

Ahmad Sa’idu, , A Y ` Waziri, M. M. Mukhtar — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to assess the project risk management (PRM) practices utilized in the construction of high-rise buildings in Abuja and evaluate their direct impact on achieving project success (measured by time, cost, quality, and structural safety). This study employed a descriptive and correlational survey design within a quantitative framework. The population consists of construction professionals actively involved in the delivery of high-rise buildings. The primary instrument is a self-administered structured questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics: Mean scores, Standard Deviation, are used to rank the most critical risk factors and success criteria. The study shows that site inspections and checklists, SWOT analysis, documentation reviews and brainstorming and expert judgment were found to be moderately risk identification practices for the specific risk management practices used by construction firms ranked the most in the study area.. Also, the study shows that risk avoidance, risk transfer and risk mitigation was found to be moderately risk treatment and response practices for the specific risk management practices used by construction firms in the study area. The result also shows that risk registers, periodic risk audits and early warning systems were found to be moderately risk monitoring and control practices for the specific risk management practices used by construction firms in the study area respectively.It is recommended that management formalizes the risk management lifecycle by integrating risk registers and periodic audits into the mandatory project reporting structure, ensuring these are not treated as optional tasks but as essential decision-making tools. By providing targeted technical training on proactive response strategies like risk transfer and mitigation, firms can transition from a reactive moderate engagement to a robust, integrated risk culture that consistently protects project objectives.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY: EVIDENCE FROM MAKURDI ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANY, NIGERIA

TANKO DANJUMA NGATI, DANLADI BALA, NOCHA DANLAMI GAJERE, USMAN MUSA BIRI — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the effect of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices on organizational productivity at Makurdi Electricity Distribution Company (MEDC), Nigeria. Specifically, it assesses the influence of top management commitment, employee involvement, continuous improvement, and customer focus. A cross-sectional survey design was used, targeting all 87 employees of MEDC, with 84 valid responses (96.6%) analyzed. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Results show that top management commitment significantly enhances productivity (β = 0.241, p = 0.005), continuous improvement is the strongest predictor (β = 0.276, p = 0.001), and customer focus positively influences productivity (β = 0.229, p = 0.003). Employee involvement, though positive, had a weaker effect (β = 0.198, p = 0.014). The overall model was statistically significant (F = 31.52, p = 0.000) and explained 61% of the variation in organizational productivity (R² = 0.610). The study concludes that TQM practices substantially improve organizational productivity in the electricity distribution sector. It recommends strengthening leadership commitment, institutionalizing continuous improvement, enhancing customer-focused strategies, and promoting effective employee participation to sustain performance gains.

THE USE OF AI IN FRAUD DETECTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF AGRO-BASED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA.

Chibuike Camillus Ugo PhD — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates how integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into corporate internal control frameworks affects the financial performance of listed agro-based manufacturing companies in Nigeria. These firms are particularly vulnerable to financial leakages, such as inventory diversion and invoice fraud, because they operate across decentralized and logistically exposed supply chains stretching from rural farms to urban processing plants. Utilizing a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods research design, this paper combines primary survey data from 132 accounting and IT audit professionals with an eight-year panel dataset (2018–2025) derived from the audited reports of the three major listed agro-allied enterprises on the Nigerian Exchange: Okomu Oil Palm Company Plc, Presco Plc, and FTN Cocoa Processors Plc. The study operationalizes AI fraud detection using three core metrics—Machine Learning Adoption (MLA), Automated Auditing Systems (AAS), and Systems Integration Level (SIL)—and measures their impact against Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) panel regression. The empirical findings show that Machine Learning Adoption significantly enhances ROE (β=0.142, p<0.05) by protecting equity funds from administrative misstatements. Automated Auditing frameworks show a strong positive effect on ROA (β=0.524, p<0.01) by introducing continuous transactional verifications that prevent warehouse leakages. Concurrently, enterprise-wide Systems Integration unifies operational visibility and expands NPM (β=0.231, p<0.01) by cutting out administrative waste and duplicate billing. Ultimately, transitioning to algorithmic AI compliance shifts internal controls from reactive post-mortems into proactive asset protection mechanisms. The study recommends that regulatory bodies modernize local corporate governance codes to actively incentivize digital transitions across the manufacturing sector.

ELECTRONIC-LEARNING APPLICATION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF OFFICE AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT STUDENTS IN IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

Oba Boma Joy, Sarah Nna-Emmanuel W. — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determine the impact of e-learning on academic achievement of Office and Information management students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. The objectives of the study was to: ascertain the impact of Google Classroom on high quality work of Office and Information Management students; and determine the impact of Whatsapp on proficiency in browsing by Office and Information Management students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. Arising from the stated objectives, three research questions and three hypotheses were raised to guide the study. The study was anchored on Roger’s (1962) Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The research design for this study was the exploratory survey research design. The population of this study consisted of (360) students (level 100-400) in the Department of Office and Information Management, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt. A sample size of one hundred and eighty-nine (189) respondents was obtained using the Taro Yamene Formula. Structured questionnaire (EAOIMSAARS) was used as the main instrument for the collection of primary data for this work. A total of 189 copies of the questionnaire distributed, while 130 copies of were retrieved. The primary data collected from the field was be analyzed using simple percentage for answering research questions while Pearson’s product moment correlation (PPMC) was used for the test of hypotheses. The following findings were made: the use of Google Classroom increases high quality work of OIM students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt; and the use of Whatsapp significantly improves the proficiency in browsing of OIM students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt. It was therefore recommended among others that management should provide data subscription for lecturers to enable them make regular use of Goggle and whatsapp delivering curriculum contents of Office and Information Management.

ADAPTATION, PARADIGMS SHIFT AND THE TRANSLATION OFỤKWỤÁNÍTRADITIONAL ORAL PRAISE SONG-TEXTS

Dike-Gegeri, GEGERI — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper expands translation in oral literary discourses. The focus is specifically on the adaptation ofỤkwụáníPraise Song-Texts, as practiced by bards in the diverse Communities withinỤkwụáníland. The adaptation so crafted by such griots gives rise to variants of the poetic praise song-texts as enacted inỤkwụánícommunities, invariably, the accompanying paradigm shifts associated with such song variants. The aspect of translation into English is to showcase the distinct thematic preoccupations of the variant poetic praise songs, the re-arrangement in poem lineations, the reversal of the style in song renditions, and the delimitations in translating the same poetic song-texts into English language. The theoretical framework is Cultural Theory of Translation, enunciated by Homi K. Bhabha and his contemporaries, while the research methodology encompasses the recording of the collected data, the use of questionnaires, oral interviews, the use of the library, the subsequent analyses of the same data and the resort to the internet for the purposes of extracting related online information and further clarification on the topic of discourse. The findings showcase thatỤkwụáníTraditional Oral Praise Song-texts undergo modifications, as a result of adaptation, thus resulting to paradigm shifts in the modelled variants, invariably, militating against the smooth translation of the same texts into English language and other languages.

NEPAD AND AFRICA’S DEVELOPMENT CRISIS: A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF AN INITIATIVE’S CAPACITY FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC REVIVAL OF AFRICA IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

With all her natural endowment, Africa at the dawn of the 21^st century remains the poorest and most problematic region of the world. Apart from excruciating hunger and abject conditions ravaging a massive proportion of the population of this region, diseases especially Malaria and HIV/AIDs continues to threaten at a somewhat volatile scale. Worse still, communal and national conflicts which often lead to erosion of peaceful coexistence and frustrate development in all ramifications have remained the hallmark of the region. Several regional and sub-regional bodies with sophisticated developmental initiatives put in place to address Africa's developmental quagmire have not delivered successful results. NEPAD, an integrated development plan that address key social, economic and political priorities in a balanced and coherent way is a strategic framework for the socio-economic development of Africa. Even though NEPAD, as an initiative for economic and social revival of Africa was never formulated to compete with other initiatives of its kind seeking to address Africa's development crisis, the truth is that NEPAD is distinguished from previous initiatives by the political commitment behind it. This paper takes a cursory look at Africa's economic, social and political woes It observed that though NEPAD is an improvement in terms of strategy and content of policy documents on all previous continental development initiatives, capacity for proper implementation remain its bane, it concludes that until NEPAD'S policy content and strategy are matched with courageous implementation, the overwhelming ambition for Africa's socio-economic revival in the 21" century may not be attained.

INVENTORY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MIDSTREAM OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE

Acee-Eke, Beatrice Chinyere — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study focused on inventory management techniques and supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study reviewed literatures on inventory management techniques and supply chain performance and anchored the study on the contingency theory. This theory states that organizations adapt their structures to maintain fit with changing contextual factors. Failure to attain a proper fit between structure and environment results in inferior outcomes (typically, the outcomes are some aspects of performance). The study concludes that inventory management techniques positively and significantly relates with supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas firms in River State, and recommends amongst others that, managers of midstream oil and gas companies should position strategically, ABC inventory techniques and vendor managed inventory to their firms’ cycle time of delivery and order processing to achieve definitive supply chain performance.

EFFECT OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT WITH FEEDBACK ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN ECONOMICS IN JOS-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Christopher P. Eze, Prof. Georginia C. Imo, Dr. Augustine S. Azi — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Formative assessment with feedback (FAF) has emerged as a learner-centred instructional approach that emphasizes continuous monitoring of learning and the provision of timely, constructive feedback to enhance students’ engagement and motivation. Despite its documented effectiveness in improving academic outcomes, its influence on students’ interest in Economics within Nigerian secondary schools remains underexplored. This study investigated the effect of formative assessment with feedback on Senior Secondary School II students’ interest in Economics in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest non-randomized control group design was adopted. The population comprised 627 SS II Economics students, from which a sample of 90 students drawn from two co-educational secondary schools was selected using purposive sampling techniques. The experimental group was taught Economics concepts using formative assessment strategies integrated with structured feedback, while the control group received instruction through the conventional lecture method over a twelve-week period. Data were collected using the Economics Interest Scale (EIS), a validated Likert-type instrument with a reliability coefficient of 0.93 and validity index of 0.83. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to test the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed a statistically significant difference in posttest interest mean scores in favour of students exposed to formative assessment with feedback (F(1,87) = 1392.26, p < .05, η² = .94). The study concluded that formative assessment with feedback is a powerful pedagogical strategy for enhancing students’ interest in Economics and recommended its systematic integration into secondary school instructional practices.

ENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURE CAPITAL FINANCING AND MARKETING GROWTH OF SMES IN RIVERS STATE.

Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner, Ph.D — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the nexus between venture capital financing and marketing growth of SMEs in River State. The correlational design within a quantitative method was adopted; the population comprised of 2,596 SMEs in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. A sample size of 310 was drawn from the population using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. The simple random sampling was adopted and the data were gathered using copies of questionnaire which were personally administered to respondents. The reliability test was tested using the Cronbach Alpha method with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, and it was 0.78, which is higher than the benchmark of 0.7. 5 items were used in measuring each of the variables and the item were given on a 5-point likert scare ranging from strongly disagree, disagree, agree, neutral and strongly agree. The Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used in testing the stated hypotheses. From the foregoing analysis, it is evident that venture capital financing showed a significant relationship with marketing growth of SMEs in River State. The empirical results of this study confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between debt financing and market share growth of SMEs in River State; equity financing and market share growth of SMEs in River State. It was concluded that venture capital financing is a significant predictor of growth of SMEs in River State via equity financing and debt financing. In line with the analysis and conclusion, the study recommends that: Given that the role of equity financing is key to the growth and survival of any firm; venture capitalist should make available equity financing for SMEs and venture fund managers should periodically assess SMEs under their control to determine the state of debt management ability. This will enhance profitability and performance of small and medium scale enterprises.

ELDER ABUSE AND DEPRESSION AMONG ELDERLY PERSONS IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRES IN OBIO-AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE

Wike, Eberechi — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated elder abuse and depression among elderly persons attending public health centres in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. A correlational research design was adopted and a stratified random sample of 830 elderly persons (aged 60 years and above) was selected from public health facilities across the LGA. Standardized instruments, including the Physical Abuse Scale, Neglect Scale, Financial Exploitation Scale, Emotional Abuse Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), were used for data collection. Simple regression analysis revealed that physical abuse (R² = .242, p < .001), neglect (R² = .279, p < .001), financial exploitation (R² = .219, p < .001) and emotional abuse (R² = .315, p < .001) significantly predicted depression among elderly respondents. Emotional abuse emerged as the strongest predictor, explaining 31.5% of the variance in depression scores. The findings underscore the urgent need for elder protection policies, improved caregiver training and psychosocial support programs to mitigate abuse-related depression among older adults. Strengthening community awareness and social protection systems is recommended to safeguard the dignity and mental health of Nigeria’s rapidly growing elderly population.

ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING ENCROACHMENT LEVEL OF RAFIN ZURFI AREA OF BAUCHI METROPOLIS ALONG THE CORRIDOR OF EXISTING 330KV POWER TRANSMISSION LINE

Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study assesses the level of building encroachment along the 330kV power transmission line
corridor in Rafin Zurfi, Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria, in relation to regulatory standards established
by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and the Transmission Company of
Nigeria (TCN). Rapid urbanization and weak enforcement of land-use regulations have led to
widespread encroachment into transmission line right-of-ways (ROWs), posing significant safety
risks and threatening infrastructure integrity. The research employed a mixed-methods survey
design, integrating spatial analysis using QGIS software with questionnaire administration to 145
household heads whose buildings fall within the 50-meter setback zone, as well as interviews with
officials from the Bauchi State Urban Planning Board and TCN.The spatial analysis revealed that
out of 8,315 total buildings in Rafin Zurfi, 606 buildings (7.3%) encroach within the mandated 50
meter setback of the 330kV transmission line. Of these, 87 buildings (14.4%) are situated in the
critical 0-10 meter zone, 214 buildings (35.3%) in the 11-25 meter high-risk zone, 198 buildings
(32.7%) in the 26-40 meter moderate-risk zone, and 107 buildings (17.6%) in the 41-50 meter
low-risk zone. Residential buildings constitute the majority of encroachments (80.9%), followed by
commercial (12.5%), mixed-use (5.3%), and religious/community buildings (1.3%). Findings
indicate that economic pressures including land scarcity, high property costs, and proximity to
livelihoods combined with regulatory failures such as lack of enforcement and public ignorance are
the primary drivers of encroachment. Awareness of regulations is critically low: 66.9% of
respondents were unaware of any construction restrictions when building, only 15.9% correctly
identified the 50-meter setback requirement, and 55.2% were classified as having "low" overall
awareness. Safety incidents are prevalent, with 46.2% reporting sparking from lines during rain,
29.7% experiencing minor electric shocks, and 8.3% reporting fires traced to electrical faults. Self
reported health issues include frequent headaches (61.4%), sleep disturbances (49.7%), and
dizziness (40.0%). Power supply disruptions are frequent, with 83.5% experiencing outages at
least weekly. The study concludes that significant and dangerous building encroachment exists
along the 330kV transmission line corridor in Rafin Zurfi, resulting from the convergence of
economic necessity among a low-income, poorly educated population and systemic failures in
regulatory enforcement, public awareness, and urban planning. Urgent multi-sectoral intervention
is required, including demolition of buildings in the critical zone, relocation of affected residents,
strengthened enforcement mechanisms, comprehensive public awareness campaigns, and long
term urban planning reforms to prevent further encroachment and ensure public safety.

BUREAUCRATIC DECISION-MAKING: LEVERAGING STRATEGIC INFORMATION USE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS

ADIELE, Goodluck Chidi, SAM-KALAGBOR, Hachi — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the relationship between strategic information use and bureaucratic decision-making dynamics within Local Government Councils in Rivers State, Nigeria. Utilizing a descriptive correlational survey design, the research explores how the systematic acquisition and integration of information influence the speed and quality of administrative outputs. The study is anchored on Information Culture Theory, Decision-Making Theory, and Sociotechnical Systems Theory. Data were collected from a cross-section of administrative officers and directors across the 23 Local Government Areas in Rivers State. Findings reveal that dimensions of strategic information use, specifically data integration and information-seeking behavior, significantly predict decision timeliness and accuracy. The results underscore the critical role of robust information management systems in mediating bureaucratic processes, suggesting that the “administrative credibility gap” prevalent in local governance can be bridged through strategic digitalization and the cultivation of a data-driven organizational culture. Recommendations focus on institutionalizing evidence-based protocols and enhancing human capital development to facilitate agile governance at the grassroots level.

GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF MSMES IN RIVERS STATE.

Dr. Amadi Foundation — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between green entrepreneurship and the economic sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The dimensions of green entrepreneurship examined included Eco-Product Entrepreneurship, Eco-Service Entrepreneurship, and Green Agriculture Entrepreneurship. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design, targeting 20 MSMEs operational for over a decade, with two managerial staff from each enterprise selected via purposive sampling, resulting in 40 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient at 0.01 and 0.05 significance levels. The findings indicate a strong positive relationship between Eco-Product Entrepreneurship (ρ = 0.922, p < 0.01) and Green Agriculture Entrepreneurship (ρ = 0.685, p < 0.01) with economic sustainability, while Eco-Service Entrepreneurship showed a moderate positive relationship (ρ = 0.346, p < 0.05). The study concludes that green entrepreneurship significantly enhances the economic sustainability of MSMEs by improving profitability, operational efficiency, and long-term resilience. Recommendations include promoting eco-product innovations, strengthening eco-service offerings, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the importance of environmentally sustainable business practices in enhancing the economic performance of MSMEs in emerging economy contexts, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 and 12 and Africa’s Agenda 2063 for inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

SMART DATA MANAGEMENT AND DECISION-MAKING EFFICIENCY OF AIRLINE OPERATORS IN RIVERS STATE

Akpelu, Frankline Ekwueme , Iyerechin Angela Tamunomiele — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the relationship between smart data management and decision-making efficiency of airline operators in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to empirically determine the relationship between smart data management and decision-making efficiency of airline operators in Rivers State, especially in terms of operational response time and resource utilization effectiveness. The study made use of cross-sectional explanatory survey research design. The population of the study consisted of eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State. The entire population of eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State were used for the study without sampling. Therefore, the sample size of the study comprised eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State. As pertaining to respondents, six managers (airline operations manager, fleet manager, crew manager, safety manager, and finance manager customer service manager) were chosen from each of the airline operators, which gave a total of 66 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The validation of the instrument was done by some experts in Office and Information Management, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. A total of sixty-six (66) copies of the questionnaire was administered and 58 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The result of the analyses showed that there is a very strong positive relationship between smart data management and decision-making effectiveness of airline operators in Rivers State, especially in terms of operational response time and resource utilization effectiveness. The study concluded that airline operators that fail to adopt smart data management risk being left behind, as efficiency in decision-making has become the new currency for survival and growth. It was recommended, among others, that airline operators should deploy centralized smart data platforms that integrate real-time data from operations, customer service, and logistics to support faster and evidence-based decisions, thereby reducing delays and in efficiencies.

CONSTRAINTS ASSOCIATED WITH ONLINE MARKETING FOR SMALL BUSINESSES ON SELECTED STATES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

OKWUBALI, Success Ifeanyi, EHIMEN, Ughulu Samuel, OKEMUTE, Zilla Efefairoro3 — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the constraints associated with online marketing among small businesses in selected States in the South-South Region of Nigeria. The study specifically investigated the effects of infrastructural, financial and technological constraints on online marketing in small businesses in Asaba and Benin metropolis. Descriptive survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 100 owners and managers of small businesses using a structured questionnaire.

Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression techniques were employed to analyze the data. Findings revealed that while most small businesses make use of one or more online marketing platforms, particularly social media, their usage remains largely basic. Respondents reported significant challenges relating to unstable electricity supply, unreliable and costly internet services, inadequate funds, limited digital skills, distrust of online transactions, and weak government support. Correlation results indicated significant negative relationships between these constraints and online marketing outcomes. Regression analysis further showed that infrastructural, financial, and technological constraints jointly and significantly predict online marketing performance among small businesses. The study concludes that in the South-South Region businesses are willing but constrained users of online marketing. The study recommends improved infrastructure, enhanced access to finance, and targeted digital skills training, and more supportive institutional policies.

ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY RECORGNITION AND FINTECH MARKETING IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

Adebayo Joshua Olaitan Ph.D — Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and marketing impact assessment in fintech firms in South/South Nigeria. The study was anchored on opportunity-based theory and resource-based view, emphasizing the strategic role of opportunity recognition in enhancing firm-level marketing outcomes. A descriptive survey research design wasadopted, and data were collected from 360 managerial staff across 36 registered fintech firms
using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential correlation techniques via SPSS version 22.0. Findings revealed that entrepreneurial opportunity recognition has a significant positive relationship with market share growth, sales growth, and customer retention. Specifically, firms that actively identify and exploit emerging market opportunities demonstrate stronger market penetration, increased sales performance, and improved customer loyalty. The study concludes that opportunity recognition is a critical strategic capability that enhances marketing impact within the fintech sector. The study recommends that fintech firms should strengthen their opportunity sensing capabilities, invest in innovation-driven
marketing strategies, and deepen customer-focused relationship practices to sustain competitive advantage and long-term growth in dynamic digital markets.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES TOWARDS CREATING ACCESS TO ELECTRONIC LIBRARY RESOURCES FOR STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LAFIA, NASSARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.

Tihyaunin Manji Difur, Joseph John Mawak , Lily Oluebube Ezeala — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study seeks to assess the availability and use of assistive technologies towards creating access to electronic library resources for students with visual impairment in Federal University Lafia, Nassarawa State, Nigeria. Guided by four objectives translated into four research questions, the research adopted the descriptive survey design with a total population of 19 respondents who were all included in the study as such, no sample and sampling technique was required. Two instruments were used to gather data for the study, the electronic library resources questionnaire (DEIAELR) and an electronic resources and assistive technology observation checklist (EATOC). The Findings of the study reveals that majority of the electronic resources are available, However most of the electronic resource are not accessible by the visually impaired students. Study further shows that there are few available assistive technologies that are available to aid the visually impaired students. However, the assistive technology available assist visually impaired students in accessing electronic resources. It was recommended that institutions should put effort to acquire sufficient assistive technologies to support access to electronic resources. It was also suggested that library staff be trained on the use of these assistive technologies in order to provide the adequate support to these category of users. This will promote equity and inclusiveness in access to digital resources.

EFFECTS OF CULTURING CLARIAS GARIEPINUS FINGERLINS IN GRADED LEVELS OF MORINGA SEED POWDER TREATED WATER ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE IN MUBI ADAMAWA STATE-NIGERIA

Anaryu Bitrus, Kwankwa Tumba , James Tizhe Yantra. — Fri, 03 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A study was conducted to determining the influence of graded levels of Moringa seed powder treated water on the growth and survival of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. 240 Clarias gariepinus fingerlings obtained from Abdul Fana Farms, Yola used and were randomly assigned to twelve (12) experimental tanks (1m x 1.2 m x 1 m) of 60 per treatment (Each treatment was replicated three (3) times) and 20 per experimental tank. Dried seeds of Moringa oleifera was ground into fine powder and graded into four (4) levels and designated as treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4 (0g, 5g, 10g and 15g, respectively). The tanks were filled to average of 100 litres of water. The fingerlings were fed three (3) times daily. Data were taken on the percentage weight gain, length gain, survival rate and water quality. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 23.0. The result revealed that the treatment T2 gave highest weight gain of 14.77+0.67g and this could be due to stability in water pH. The length gain was highest in T1 (7.83+0.33), growth rate was highest in T2 (1.38+0.83) and the survival rate was highest in T2 (86.66+0.67). Dissolved Oxygen was highest in T0 (4.80+0.0), Temperature highest in T2 (26.61+0.42) and pH highest in T1 (8.16+0.66). This study concluded that Moringa oleifera seed could be used effectively for water reuse in the culture of Clarias. gariepinus fingerlings without any negative effects on the growth performances. It is therefore recommended that culture water should be treated using Moringa seed powder at 10g/100 L to reduce the rate of water spoilage in fish culture.

DIGITAL OFFICE STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE DELIVERY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, ORISAH-GODFREY, Lillian Anyanagba — Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between digital office strategy and administrative service delivery in higher education institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (Davis, 1989) and the Resource-Based View (Barney, 1991), the study operationalised digital office strategy in terms of digital workflow automation and cloud-based information systems. Administrative service delivery was measured through service responsiveness and process efficiency. A correlational survey design was adopted. The population comprised 862 administrative staff drawn from six public higher education institutions in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample of 273 respondents was determined and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was used to test two null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed significant positive relationships between digital workflow automation and service responsiveness (r = 0.681, p < 0.05), and between cloud-based information systems and process efficiency (r = 0.643, p < 0.05). The study concludes that digital office strategy is a strong predictor of administrative service delivery in higher education institutions in Rivers State. It is recommended that university administrators prioritise the adoption and integration of digital workflow automation and cloud-based information systems to enhance service responsiveness and process efficiency.

IMPACT OF NEW DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURES ON LECTURERS RESEARCH INVESTIGATION IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN SOUTH-SOUTH GEO-POLITICAL ZONE, NIGERIA

Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Digital infrastructures advancements on lecturers’ research investigation offer great opportunities for further development in research work not only on lecturers’ research investigations but on all researchers. These digital infrastructures are critical for effective research particularly in Colleges of Education. The impact of these digital infrastructures on lecturers’ research investigation is very vital in all areas of knowledge. They accelerate the research process and guarantee more reliable results. However, notwithstanding the importance and necessity of these digital infrastructures, most lecturers for some reasons are reluctant to adopt them in their research work. This study assessed the impact of new digital infrastructure on lecturers’ research investigation in federal colleges of education in south-south geo-political zone, Nigeria despite this apathy by some lecturers. The study employed a descriptive research design. Four research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The population of the study comprised five hundred and forty-six (546) academic staff from three federal colleges of education in south-south Geo- political zone ( Asaba- 211, Omoku- 217 and Obudu 118, Source: National Commission for Colleges of Education Abuja). The study sampled 150 lecturers from 5 departments across the three federal colleges of education in south – south geo-political zone of Nigeria using simple random sampling techniques.An instrument titled ‘‘New Digital Infrastructure on Lecturers Research Investigation (NDILRI)” was used for the study.The instrument was analysed using a four point Likert-type of response scale. It was face and content validated by two experts from department of psychology, Alvan Ikokwu federal university of education, Owerri, Imo State. They were requested to examine the instrument to ensure that the content and language of the instrument relate to the purpose of the study, research questions and hypotheses. Data collected were analysed using Cronbach Alpha to find the internal consistency of the instrument. The internal consistency estimate for the instrument was .84. The value was judged high enough to give confidence to the reliability of the instrument. In getting the questionnaire across to the respondents, the researchers employed the face to face method. The researchers and three research assistants that were trained and briefed visited the sampled schools and administered the questionnaire to the students. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics of Means and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The findings of the study indicated that that new digital infrastructures impacts lecturers’ research investigation in colleges of education in south-south geo-political zone, Nigeria. It was therefore recommended among others that federal colleges of education should organize regular workshops, seminars, and hands-on training programmes to enhance lecturers’ digital literacy and competence in using emerging research tools, including AI, cloud computing, and data analysis platforms.

ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF QUANTITY SURVEYING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Saleh Muhammad — Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the organizational performance of quantity surveying firms in Nigeria. The growing emphasis on sustainability and ethical business practices has necessitated the integration of CSR into professional service delivery, particularly within the built environment. However, limited empirical evidence exists on how CSR affects the performance of quantity surveying firms, especially in developing economies. A quantitative research design employing a descriptive and correlational survey approach was adopted. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to professionals in selected quantity surveying firms across Lagos, Abuja, and Kano. The study population comprised 432 registered firms, from which a sample size of 208 was determined using Yamane’s formula. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that CSR practices are positively and significantly related to organizational performance. Economic CSR was found to have the strongest influence on performance, followed by social and environmental CSR dimensions. The results further indicate that CSR significantly explains variations in organizational performance, highlighting its strategic importance in enhancing efficiency, service delivery, and stakeholder trust. Despite these benefits, challenges such as limited awareness, resource constraints, and weak regulatory enforcement were identified as barriers to effective CSR implementation. The study concludes that CSR is a critical determinant of organizational performance in quantity surveying firms and should be integrated into core business strategies. It recommends increased awareness, stronger regulatory frameworks, and enhanced capacity building to promote comprehensive CSR adoption within the profession.

The Craft of Writing: A Panacea for Low Intelligibility

Ikele, Alochukwu L.M (Ph.D), Aliyu, Adaora E.A (Ph.D) — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Writing is a natural activity. All physically and mentally normal people learn to speak a language. A written message can be received, stored and refer back to at anytime. Bell and Buraby (1983) see writing as an extremely complex cognitive activity in which the writer is required to demonstrate control of a number of variables simultaneously. At the sentence level, these variables include control of content, format, sentence structure, vocabulary, punctuation, spelling and letter formation. Beyond the sentence the writer must be able to structure and integrate information into cohesive and coherent paragraphs and texts.

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF LISTED HEALTHCARE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Wokeh, Promise Ikechi PhD — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examines the relationship between financial management practices on earnings management of listed healthcare firms in Nigeria. For empirical analysis the study employed panel stationarity tests and Autoregressive Distributed Lag. The presence of mixed order integration among the variables necessitated the adoption of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model. For model one, it was discovered that internal rate of return and debt-to-equity ratio have no significant relationship with earnings smoothing. For model two, the results indicate that internal rate of return has a positive and significant relationship with discretionary accruals, while debt-to-equity ratio has a negative and significant relationship with discretionary accruals. Based on these findings, it is recommended that there is urgent need for firms to explore alternative mechanisms such as cost control and operational efficiency to maintain stable earnings rather than leveraging debt-driven financial adjustments

DETERMINATION OF THE POZZOLANIC PROPERTIES OF PEANUT SHELL ASH AS CEMENT REPLACEMENT IN CONCRETE IN NIGERIA

Musa Mohammed Grandawa — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The global imperative for sustainable construction materials, combined with Nigeria's acute agricultural waste management challenges, has driven interest in supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) derived from agro-industrial by-products. This study systematically investigates the pozzolanic properties of peanut shell ash (PSA) and evaluates its performance as a partial cement replacement in concrete. Peanut shells sourced from Kano State, Nigeria, were calcined at 650°C for 2 hours, and the resulting ash was subjected to comprehensive physicochemical characterization, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, Blaine fineness testing, specific gravity determination, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Concrete mixes were designed at water-to-binder ratios of 0.5, incorporating PSA at replacement levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by weight of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Specimens were evaluated for workability (slump test), compressive strength at 7, 14, 28, and 56 curing days, water absorption, porosity, and setting time in accordance with ASTM C618, BS EN 197-1, and ASTM C109 standards. XRF results revealed that the combined SiO₂ + Al₂O₃ + Fe₂O₃ content of PSA was 69.88%, marginally below the ASTM C618 Class N minimum threshold of 70%, indicating near-pozzolanic classification. The pozzolanic activity index (PAI) at 28 days exceeded 100% at the 10% replacement level (101.1%), confirming significant pozzolanic reactivity. Compressive strength at 28 days was maximized at the 10% replacement level (27.9 MPa), marginally exceeding the control mix (27.6 MPa). Durability indicators — water absorption and porosity — were optimized at the 15% replacement level. Workability declined progressively with increasing PSA content due to the high surface area of ash particles. A two-way ANOVA confirmed that PSA replacement level and curing age are both statistically significant determinants of compressive strength (p < 0.001). The study concludes that PSA at 10–15% replacement levels is a viable, sustainable, and cost-effective partial cement substitute for concrete production in Nigeria, contributing to circular economy objectives and reduced carbon emissions from the construction sector.

DIGITAL LITERACY AND PRODUCT STANDARDIZATION AS DETERMINANTS OF MARKET ACCESS AMONG COSMETICS SMALL AND MEDIUM-SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA

Usman Aminu, MOHAMMAD UMAR, Baba Abdulganiyu, Muhammed Modibbo Buba (PhD) — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines digital literacy and product standardization as determinants of market access for cosmetics Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Gombe State, Nigeria. Motivated by the observed low digital skills and weak standardization practices among local cosmetics producers alongside the growing importance of digital tools and quality standards for market access a descriptive survey design was adopted. The infinite population included all registered and unregistered cosmetics producers in the state, with a sample of 384 respondents determined using Cochran’s formula (1977). A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, while hypotheses were tested via simple linear regression (0.05 significance level). Findings revealed that digital literacy exerts a moderate but statistically significant influence on market access. Basic digital skills such as using smartphones and social media enhance customer reach and product visibility. Similarly, product standardization (quality control, hygiene, packaging, labeling) also shows a moderate, significant effect on market access. The study concludes that improving digital literacy and strengthening standardization practices are essential for optimizing market access and fostering sustainable growth of cosmetics SMEs in Gombe State. Recommendations include targeted digital skills training for producers, policy support from SMEDAN and NBTE, and regulatory sensitization by NAFDAC and relevant NGOs to promote compliance and standard practices.

THE MODERATING ROLE OF CONSUMER CHARACTERISTICS ON THE INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING FEATURES ON BEVERAGE BRAND EQUITY AMONG POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS IN RIVERS STATE

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Asagba Samuel — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

ENTREPRENEURIAL INNOVATIVENESS AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Banabo, Ekankumo — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and Business Success of Food and Beverages Firms in South-South, Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study was a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of this study was consisting of two hundred and eight (208) food and beverage firms in south-south region of Nigeria as retrieved from Nigerian Food and Beverage Industry Report (2023) and business directory. (See Appendix B). The census approach enabled the researcher to study the entire population with a focus on the managerial staff (Marketing manager, Accounting Managers, and operations manager). To generate data for the study, the questionnaire was distributed in the frame of three (3) copies per firm. A total of six hundred and twenty-four (624) respondents was used as the study subjects. The instrument used in this study was a structured questionnaire. The descriptive analysis was done using descriptive statistics which include mean and standard deviation. The inferential analysis which serves the purpose of hypotheses testing was done using spearman rank order correlation Coefficient at 0.01 significance level. The partial correlation was used to analyses the controlling variable which is organizational culture. All analysis for this study was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between Entrepreneurial innovativeness and Business Success(financial success, social success, market success) of Food and Beverages Firms in South-South, Nigeria. The study concluded that firms with a high level of entrepreneurial innovativeness tend to achieve greater success across financial, social, and market measures. The study recommended among others that Food and beverage firms should create an environment that encourages creativity and experimentation among employees to drive product innovation.

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ADOPTION AND EXTERNAL SECTOR STABILITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The association between the adoption of the information management system and external sector stability in developing countries was explored and institutional quality was used as a moderating variable. The dimensions of information management system (IMS) adoption that were examined in the study are digital governance adoption, financial information system (FIS) integration, and data protection stability, while balance of payments stability, adequacy of foreign reserves, and external debt sustainability act as measures of external sector stability. Research design used in the study was quantitative and was of correlational design with both the primary and secondary data sources. A sample of 30 developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America was purposively selected based on a consideration of data availability and relevance to the study objectives. Secondary data was sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators (WDI), International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and Global FinTech database for the year 2015-2024. The data collected were primary data that was obtained from structured questionnaires given to Financial analysts, ICT professionals, banking officials, policy makers and public sector administrators. A total of 300 questionnaires were sent out and 250 valid replies received and analysed. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and multiple regression analysis were used in analyzing the data with the use of SPSS version 26.0. The results showed that digital governance adoption had significant positive relationship with balance of payments stability (at the level of p=0.002), financial information system integration significantly changed foreign reserve adequacy (at the level of p=0.000) and data protection stability significantly changed external debt sustainability (at the level of p=0.000). The study also showed that the institution quality was found to be a significant moderator between information management system adoption and external sector stability (r = 0.643, p = 0.000). The study found that adoption of the information management system has significant positive impacts on external sector stability in developing countries and that institutional quality enhances the role of using information management system in improving external sector results with respect to digital governance, financial information system and data protection mechanism. In order to create sustainable external sector stability and macroeconomic development, the study recommended governments and financial institutions to better develop their digital governance system, to support financial information system integration, to improve cybersecurity infrastructure and to improve the quality of institutions.

EFFECTS OF PROJECT AND INQUIRY-BASED TEACHING METHODS ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF BUSINESS STUDIES STUDENTS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effects of project and inquiry-based teaching methods on the academic achievement of Business Studies students in Junior Secondary Schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test non-equivalent control group design was adopted, involving 537 JSS II students from three public secondary schools in Yola Educational Zone. The Business Studies Achievement Test (BSAT), adapted from Junior WAEC past questions, was used for data collection. Mean, standard deviation, and t-tests were employed for data analysis at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that the project teaching method produced the highest post-test mean score (80.54), followed by inquiry-based method (68.35), and lecture method (52.37). Significant differences were found between project and lecture methods (t=35.93, p<0.05), inquiry and lecture methods (t=18.44, p<0.05), and project and inquiry methods (t=11.83, p<0.05). Gender had no significant interaction effect on achievement across the three methods (F=0.358, p=0.699). The study concludes that project and inquiry-based teaching methods are significantly more effective than the lecture method in enhancing students' academic achievement in Business Studies. Recommendations include prioritizing project-based instruction, integrating inquiry-based approaches alongside projects, providing teacher professional development in learner-centered strategies, and implementing gender-inclusive instructional designs.

TEAM DYNAMICS AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN WUKARI, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA.

Giwa Arumdeben (Ph.D), Peter Irmiya Yakura, Fumba John, Danladi Bala — Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of team dynamics on employee performance in selected deposit money banks in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. The study specifically investigated the effects of team communication, team trust, and team leadership on employee performance. A survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 143 employees of Zenith Bank Plc and Unity Bank Plc in Wukari, from which a sample size of 105 respondents was determined using Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that team communication significantly affects employee performance (β = 0.281, t = 3.85, p = 0.000), team trust has a significant positive effect on employee performance (β = 0.249, t = 3.07, p = 0.003), and team leadership exerts the strongest influence on employee performance (β = 0.338, t = 4.45, p = 0.000). The study recommends that banks should strengthen communication channels, promote trust-building initiatives, and provide continuous leadership development programmes to enhance employee performance.

EFFECT OF VIRTUAL REALITY ON BASIC SCHOOL PUPILS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS IN JALINGO EDUCATION ZONE OF TARABA STATE.

Professor Ajai John Tyavbee , Ismaila Nuhu — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of Virtual Reality Learning Environment (VRLE) on Basic School pupils’ achievement in Mathematics in Jalingo Education Zone of Taraba State, Nigeria. The study was guided by three objectives, three research questions, and three null hypotheses. The study was anchored on Constructivist Learning Theory by Piaget (1952) and Experiential Learning Theory by Kolb (1984). A quasi-experimental research design, specifically the pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent control group design, was adopted. The population comprised 9,968 Basic Five pupils in 56 public primary schools in Jalingo Education Zone during the 2025/2026 academic session. A sample of 190 pupils consisting of 100 males and 90 females was selected through simple random sampling techniques from three public primary schools. The instrument used for data collection was the Virtual Reality Achievement Test (V-RAT), which was validated by experts in Mathematics Education, Educational Technology, and Measurement and Evaluation. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that pupils taught Mathematics using Virtual Reality Learning Environment achieved higher mean scores (M = 20.22) than those taught using the Conventional Teaching Method (M = 18.27). The ANCOVA result showed a significant difference in achievement between pupils exposed to VRLE and those taught conventionally (F = 10.359, p = .002). The study further revealed a significant gender difference in achievement among pupils exposed to VRLE (F = 12.610, p = .001). In addition, a significant interaction effect of learning environment and gender on pupils’ mathematics achievement was found (F = 35.633, p < .05). The study concluded that Virtual Reality Learning Environment significantly enhances pupils’ achievement in Mathematics and that gender moderates its effectiveness. It was recommended, among others, that mathematics teachers should adopt Virtual Reality Learning Environments in classroom instruction, educational authorities should organize regular training programmes on the use of VR technologies, and government should provide the necessary technological facilities to support the integration of Virtual Reality into mathematics teaching and learning.

DIGITAL NATIVES AND TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS IN GOVERNMENT-OWNED UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA.

Silas-Dikibo, Ingigha Deborah — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between digital natives and teaching staff effectiveness in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. The explanatory cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted twenty-four thousand, seven hundred and ninety (24790) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After the application of Taro Yamene formula, the sample size of the study was three hundred and ninety-four (394) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After validation by the supervisors and two other experts in the Department of Office and Information Management, Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument. A total of three hundred and ninety-four (394) copies of the questionnaire was administered to the respondents by the researcher with the help of two research assistants and 352 copies were retrieved. The univariate analysis was carried out using mean and standard deviation, while the bivariate analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0. The findings revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between dimensions of digital fluency, such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and digital outcasts and measures of teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, such as teaching effectiveness, research output/publications, and teaching commitment. The study concluded that sustained investment in digital infrastructure, continuous staff technological development, and inclusive digital transformation policies are essential for enhancing teaching staff performance and advancing the global competitiveness, innovation, and sustainability of government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended amongst others that the management of universities in South-South, Nigeria should establish advanced digital innovation hubs within faculties to encourage digitally fluent lecturers to develop technology-driven teaching models, virtual research collaborations, and multimedia instructional resources that can further enhance teaching effectiveness and research productivity.

STRATEGIC PATHWAYS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ELEME

Dr. Joseph Obele — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the early 1980s, Eleme experienced a vibrant boom in cultural tourism, with masquerade
performances forming the core of entertainment during the Christmas season.
Colourful displays at the Alesa Town Square remain memorable, featuring iconic masquerades such as Owu-ama, Oki, Arungo, Abah, Ofrima and others.
Moments when Owuama and Abah electrified the town square, sending spectators running in
excitement, captured the communal spirit and cultural richness of Eleme.
The high height Ogale masquerade, popularly known as Owu Konkon, stood out as a symbol of cultural pride, while Alode, Aleto, Agbonchia, and neighbouring communities also hosted impressive masquerade events that sustained local engagement in subtle but meaningful ways.
This cultural landscape shifted with the rise of aggressive Pentecostal evangelism, which increasingly portrayed masquerade traditions as ungodly.
In response, church crusades and inter-community football tournaments were introduced during festive periods, intentionally displacing traditional masquerade celebrations across Eleme.

TRAUMA LITERACY INCLUSION IN JOURNALISM CURRICULUM: A PERCEPTION ANALYSIS OF EDUCATORS IN RIVERS STATE

OKEH, Azubuike (PhD), BABANTAH, Amarachi Deborah (PhD), BROWN, Sotonye Josiah — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the past few years, there has been a growing call for the inclusion of trauma literacy
course(s) in the curriculum of journalism training institutions in Nigeria. The proponents of
this call hold the view that many journalists leave the university or other training institutions
with almost no knowledge of how to approach the coverage of events that have trauma
scenes and extreme danger. This study therefore sought to find out the opinions of
journalism educators in Rivers State-based universities and polytechnics concerning the call
to include trauma-based contents in the curriculum of journalism studies. The study adopted
by qualitative and quantitative methods by using questionnaire and interviews to elicit
responses. The total enumeration sampling technique was used to determine the sample
size while the simple percentage count template and the Miles and Huberman's method
were used for analysis. The study found that trauma literacy is not distinctly taught in
journalism schools, and that students leave school without being equipped with the skills to
cover trauma-laden incidents. The study recommended that trauma literacy courses should
be designed and included in journalism curriculum.

CORPORATE DIVIDEND POLICY AND ACCOUNTING INFORMATION OF QUOTED CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Amadi-Robert, Wofuru — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between corporate dividend policy and accounting information of quoted consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria for the period 2013–2023. The study specifically investigated the effects of earnings per share (EPS), profitability (ROA and ROE), liquidity, and firm size on dividend payout decisions. The ex post facto research design was adopted, and data were collected from audited annual reports and financial statements of selected firms. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression techniques were employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that EPS, profitability, liquidity, and firm size all had positive and significant effects on dividend policy. The results indicated that firms with higher earnings, better profitability, adequate liquidity, and larger size were more likely to maintain consistent and higher dividend payouts. The study concluded that high-quality accounting information is a critical determinant of dividend decisions and plays a key role in reducing information asymmetry between management and investors. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for corporate managers, investors, and regulators to enhance transparency, strengthen dividend practices, and improve market confidence. The study contributed to existing literature by providing sector-specific evidence from Nigeria’s consumer goods manufacturing industry and validated the applicability of the Bird-in-Hand, Signalling, and Agency theories in an emerging market context.

WORKPLACE STRESS AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE; A CASE STUDY OF GIG LOGISTICS EXPRESS IN PORT HARCOURT

Nworgu, Promise Nkwachukwu — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This work explores the link between workplace stress and employee performance GIG Logistics
Express, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Stressors differ in levels. Moderate amount of stress could
serve as a source of motivation, however, chronic or excessive amount of stress impedes
productivity, and impacts negatively on employee health and performance. For any organization to
achieve its essence, it must have acquired the right calibre of talents with the right skill-set, and
managed them properly. A mixed-method approach of primary data sources were adopted through
questionnaires and interviews to examine the implications of stressors on employee performance.
The findings concerning the effect of stress on employees revealed that majority of the employees
are consistently on medications for different sorts of illnesses. Critical observations also revealed
that many reported cases of absenteeism, inconsistency, inability to deliver on set goals were stress
related. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended amongst others, that conducive
working environment, job redesign, work-life balance, employee-friendly leadership, equity in
remuneration, promotion should be provided for the employees in order to reduce work-stress and
enhance performance. In conclusion, it is clear endemic organizational challenge of decrease in
performance because of work related stress and lack of enforcement of stress management
standards.

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON INNOVATION IN PAINT MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS

Ekesiba, Charity Chibueze, , Otishi, Ethel Sunny — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of organizational culture on innovation in paint manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria, with specific focus on organizational values and norms. The study was motivated by persistent challenges of low product development and inefficient production processes among local paint manufacturers despite increasing competitive and regulatory pressures. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 342 employees drawn from 25 registered paint manufacturing firms using structured questionnaires. The instrument was validated through expert review, and reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.82. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that organizational values have a significant positive effect on innovation, particularly product and process innovation. Organizational norms were also found to significantly influence innovation, although to a lesser extent than values. The regression results indicated that values and norms jointly explained a substantial proportion of the variance in innovation among the firms. The study concludes that a strong, adaptive organizational culture enhances employees’ innovative behaviours and supports the effective implementation of new ideas. It therefore recommends that paint manufacturing firms strengthen innovation-oriented values and norms to improve competitiveness, operational efficiency, and long-term sustainability in the industry.

AN EXAMINATION OF OPINIONS ON ADVERTISING TECHNIQUES, EVALUATION AND GRATIFICATION

Maxwell Onukwuru George — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Advertisers clearly define their intentions before engaging in the series of planned activities thatare aimed at promoting products, brands and services. Every advertising effort attempts to reach out to the target audience, attract patronage and earn economic profitability in the process. To be on top of their game, they take deliberate steps to determine if the method(s) deployed for such brand marketing have been effective in hitting the targeted mark or achieving the expected return on investment. This is because it will be directionless for corporate organisations to undertake an advertising campaign without adopting the right measurement mechanism. To this end, very advertiser devises ways of assessing their strengths, weaknesses, successes and otherwise of their
campaign. It is also important to determine measurement techniques to ascertain their successes or otherwise in terms of sales, increased brand awareness, wider distribution among others. This research study evaluated the techniques deployed by advertising agencies to assess the success or otherwise of their campaigns. The study adopted the survey method to gather resourceful data from 130 respondents and five participants who were selected through census, for their opinions on the techniques used, and gratifications earned by advertisers in Rivers State. The study was anchored
on the Uses and Gratification, Cognitive Evaluation and Public Opinion Theories. The data collected from the field were analysed using simple percentage template and the Miles and Hubermans’analytical format. The study found that advertising effectiveness is hugely dependent on the choiceof techniques, advertisers adopt techniques for campaigns based on targeted gratifications. Thebstudy recommends that advertising agencies should adopt techniques based on the peculiarity of the brand, product or service being advertised and they should be more thorough in evaluating the outcome of their campaigns to ensure more effective results in the future.

NEGOTIATION STRATEGY AND SUSTAINABLE MARKETING PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN AVIATION SECTOR

Hart, Emilia Tamunoipirisa, Prof, Gladson N. Nwokah — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between negotiation strategy and sustainable marketing performance in the Nigerian aviation sector. This study used a structured questionnaire designed in five Likert scale of strongly disagreed to strongly agree to collect data from respondents in the Nigerian aviation sector. The questionnaire distributed and retrieved were analysed with statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation and Pearson product moment correlation. From the analyses, the study found different degree of positive and statistically significant relationship between negotiation strategy and sustainable marketing performance used in this study (stakeholder value and product acceptability). Based on the findings of the study, we conclude that high level of negotiation strategy used as an anti-crisis strategic marketing management approach in crisis situation brings value for all stakeholders involved in a business and also encourages the acceptance of products offered to public both within and across national frontier by the Nigerian aviation sector. Recommends the use of negotiation strategy by managers in the Nigerian aviation sector to achieve sustainability of marketing performance.

LONG TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON EQUITY OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi, Eli, Dorcas Chidinma — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The objective was to determine long-term debt and return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of long-term debt on return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of short- term debt on return on assets, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing.

MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS OF CONFECTIONERY COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed at examining the relationship between managerial competencies and entrepreneurial success of confectionery companies in South-South Nigeria. The study has four specific objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses. Correlational research design was adopted by the researcher. Twenty-four (24) confectionery companies were selected and spread across South-South Nigeria. The study relied on the use of primary data, sourced using structured questionnaire. A total of 96 questionnaire were distributed to respondents, and all 96 were successfully retrieved and used in the analysis., hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. The result obtained revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between managerial competency and entrepreneurial success in confectionery companies. The study asserts that, for confectionery to attain market success companies must ensure they create good customer relationship that will eventually lead to product loyalty. This study concludes that managerial competency plays a critical and positive role in enhancing the entrepreneurial success of confectionery companies in South-South Nigeria. The findings clearly establish that competencies such as communication skills and problem-solving abilities significantly improve market success and operational success, managerial competency was found to directly influence firm performance. Communication skill emerged as a particularly strong predictor of success, effective managerial communication enhances employee commitment, reduces inefficiencies, and strengthens organizational outcomes. The study therefore affirms that continuous top-down and bottom-up communication is essential for achieving business goals and sustaining performance. The study recommended that confectionery companies should ensure that their product meet up with world standard, well packaged, satisfactory to the final consumers. Managerial competency can be enhanced through training and retraining of employees.

INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON ACHIEVEMENT OF SENIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS EXPOSED TO SEQUENTIAL TEACHING METHODS IN BIOLOGY IN JOS-SOUTH, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Adebukola O. Olanrewaju, Prof. Grace Chollom, Bernadette E. Ozoji — Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the influence of gender on achievement of senior secondary two students exposed to sequential teaching methods in Biology in Jos-South Plateau state, Nigeria. The study employed the non- equivalent pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental research design. The sample comprised 118 (47 male and 71 female) SS2 students offering Biology from four co-educational Public secondary schools in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The Biology Achievement Test (BAT) with Reliability index 0.924 was used as an instrument for data collection. Research questions were Answered using mean and standard deviation while hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that sequential teaching methods improved the achievement of male and female senior secondary students in Biology. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that Biology teachers should teach their students with sequential teaching methods to enhance male and female students’ achievement in the subject.

PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON SELF-EFFICACY FOR EMPLOYABILITY AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS OF COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the perceived influence of entrepreneurship education on self-efficacy for employability among business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two specific purposes, two research questions, and two null hypotheses. A survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 252 final-year business education students from colleges of education across Adamawa State, which also constituted the entire sample size. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers, titled the “Questionnaire on Perceived Entrepreneurship Education and Self-Efficacy for Employability” (QPEESE). The validity and reliability of the instrument were established. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics (regression analysis) were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that entrepreneurship education significantly influences perceived managerial self-efficacy for employability among business education students (p = 0.000). Similarly, entrepreneurship education was found to significantly influence perceived self-efficacy in creative thinking for employability (p = 0.000). The study concluded that entrepreneurship education plays a crucial role in enhancing both managerial and creative thinking self-efficacy, which are essential for the employability of business education students. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that the management of colleges of education should focus on integrating practical, hands-on learning experiences—such as workshops, internships, and real-world business simulations—into entrepreneurship education to enhance students' managerial self-efficacy. Furthermore, institutions should prioritize the recruitment and retention of qualified educators skilled in fostering both managerial and creative thinking competencies.

EFFECTS OF THINK-PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON NIGERIAN CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION WRITING IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION PANKSHIN, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effects of the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) cooperative learning strategy on Nigerian Certificate in Education II (NCE II) students' achievement in expository composition writing at Federal College of Education (FCE) Pankshin, Plateau State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent pre-test post-test control group design was adopted. Simple random sampling was used to select 143 NCE II students from schools within the Pankshin Local Government Area; 85 were assigned to the experimental group (TPS instruction) and 58 to the control group (lecture method). The Composition Writing Achievement Test (CWAT) was used for data collection; content validity was established by experts from the English Education and Research, Measurement and Evaluation units of the University of Jos, and reliability was determined via the test re-test method (r = 0.86). The study explored student performance in five sub-domains: idea generation, organisation, paragraphing, punctuation, and editing. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) addressed the research questions; Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tested the hypotheses at α = 0.05. Findings showed that TPS-taught students achieved significantly higher post-test scores (̅x = 68.93) than control-group peers (̅x = 52.47), F(1, 140) = 45.52, p < 0.05. No significant gender differential was found among TPS students (p > 0.05). Based on these findings, it is recommended that community-based literacy programmes be compared with TPS and other cooperative interventions, and that TPS be adopted in NCE English Language Education programmes.

AI TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS: A STRATEGY FOR FAMILY RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, MANAGEMENT, AND EMPOWERMENT

Obiana Uche Viola, Isiguzo Valentina — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study assesses the Artificial Intelligence (AI) technological options applications opens for enhancing family resource development, management, and empowerment. Three main objectives were formulated for this study: identifying AI technological options for family resource development and management, exploring how effective AI tools are in improving household decision-making and resource use, and evaluating the impact of AI technologies on family empowerment. Survey research design was used backed up with qualitative inquiry for this study.
Questionnaire was used for data collection and sent to households, focus group discussions, and secondary sources from academic and development literature. Collected quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The results show that AI-driven tools like smart budgeting systems, digital learning platforms, and health-monitoring apps significantly boost resource efficiency, cut down on waste, and enhance family well-being. The study suggests promoting digital literacy, increasing access to affordable AI technologies, and weaving AI into family and community development efforts. In conclusion, AI technological options emerge as powerful significant strategies for strengthening family resource
management and fostering sustainable empowerment.

CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (IPSAS) IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert (PhD), Onowu, Joseph Uche (PhD, CNA). — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) is widely regarded as a major reform strategy for enhancing transparency, accountability, and comparability in public sector financial reporting. Nigeria formally adopted IPSAS with the expectation that global accounting standards would strengthen its public financial management systems. However, over a decade after adoption, effective implementation of IPSAS remains limited. This paper critically reviews the major challenges inhibiting IPSAS implementation in Nigeria, including institutional weaknesses, human capital deficits, technological limitations, political instability, cultural resistance, and weak regulatory enforcement. Drawing on existing literature, the study highlights the structural, administrative, and socio‑political constraints that undermine IPSAS adoption and offers policy recommendations to strengthen implementation. It concludes that while IPSAS holds significant promise for improving financial reporting in Nigeria’s public sector, addressing systemic challenges is vital to realize its full benefits.

GOOD GOVERNANCE TRANSPARENCY AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE FOURTH REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA.

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper highlights the essence of good governance in government and the entrenchment of democracy in the Fourth Republic. A corollary of good governance transparency in elections and choosing of representatives in the democratic systems. The paper examines the electoral systems in Nigeria’s fourth republic vis-à-vis the practice of democracy and proposes that for national purposes, good governance and transparency are essential ingredients for entrenchment of democracy in Nigeria.

WORKPLACE POLICIES FOR EFFECTIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AMONG WORKING MOTHERS IN NIGERIA

Gavou T. Pam — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The first childcare normally provided by mothers after birth is breastfeeding. Due to hard economic conditions, breastfeeding mothers have taken up employment in both public and private establishments. They face the huge challenge of bridging the gap between effectively breastfeeding their babies and discharging their functions at work. Consequently, there is the need to formulate workplace policies that will ensure the mothers effectively breastfeed their children. Family-friendly policies have been discussed. Workplace supports for effective breastfeeding practices has also been discussed. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months after childbirth has been advocated. However, mothers’ perception and knowledge influence their breastfeeding practices. Several studies have found that working mothers quickly discontinue exclusive breast feeding, especially when the maternity leave is over. This has been attributed to challenges such as lack of cooperation from colleagues and superiors, lack of support from family members, and lack of managerial breastfeeding support. Other challenges the working mothers face include poor family income which forces them to take on low paying jobs, and working long hours which makes the mothers not to effectively breastfeed their children. The paper has recommended among others, that employers in both private and public sectors need to provide adequate facilities for breastfeeding mothers, and laws and policies regarding breastfeeding need to be reviewed to give room for working mothers to adequately and effectively breastfeed their children.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TRANSITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS

Onwuka, Gloria Onyinyechi, Prof. Olanrewaju Lawal — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study looked at how the public in Port Harcourt Metropolis felt about the switch to renewable energy and environmental sustainability. The design used was cross-sectional. Residents of Port Harcourt Metropolis made up the study's population. To guarantee fair representation of participants from all parts of the city, a sample size of 200 respondents was chosen using a straightforward random selection procedure. The "Public Perception of Renewable Energy Transition and Environmental Sustainability Questionnaire" (EMPLSQ), a structured questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale, was used to gather data .Environmental management specialists verified the tool, and Cronbach Alpha yielded a reliability value of 0.87. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to analyze the data.The findings showed that residents in Port Harcourt Metropolis have a moderate level of awareness of the renewable energy transition, which is important for promoting environmental sustainability. Renewable energy is impacted by issues like high installation costs, low awareness, bad government policies, and a lack of technical expertise. It was determined that even while the shift to renewable energy is seen favorably, current economic, technical, and institutional challenges limit its effective adoption for environmental sustainability in Port Harcourt Metropolis. It recommended among others that Policymakers should provide incentives, subsidies, and affordable financing options to reduce the high cost of renewable energy installation in Port Harcourt Metropolis.

ENHANCING SELF-EMPLOYABILITY OF OFFICE AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT STUDENTS VIA INFOPRENEURSHIP SKILL ACQUISITION IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

CHUX-NYECHE, Gloria Chinyere — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper theoretically examined how the inclusion of infopreneurship studies in school curriculum could enhance tertiary institution’s graduate employment especially graduates of Office and Information Management (OIM). It explored how infopreneurship studies in the curriculum could empower students with skills that enable them to be self-reliant upon graduation. The main aim was to theoretically examine how to enhance the self-employability of (OIM) graduates via infopreneurship skill acquisition in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The paper anchored on the Discovery and Opportunity Theory of Entrepreneurship developed by Schumpeter in (1999). Since Infopreneurs are also information entrepreneurs, they perform the same functions though in a different way, we believe that this theory is the most appropriate. A conceptual review method was employed, relying on existing empirical studies and recent academic literatures relevant to infopreneurship/entrepreneurship. Findings revealed that infopreneurial skills like content creation, digital marketing and being technological savvy enable employment generation. The paper concludes that the inclusion of infopreneurship studies in the course program of universities especially in Office and Information Management course content will enhance self-employability of its graduates. It therefore recommends that infopreneurship education be included in university curriculum in other to reduce unemployment and increasing social vices occasioned by graduate unemployment.

INFLUENCE OF MARKETING MIX STRATEGY ON SALES PERFORMANCE OF FUEL STATIONS IN YOLA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

Hassana Daniel Kefas (PhD) , Muhammed Modibbo Buba (PhD) — Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of marketing mix strategies on the sales performance of fuel stations in Yola metropolis, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was guided by four specific purposes, four research questions, and four corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 110 filling stations, 110 station managers, and 703 pump attendants (N = 813). Using a simple random sampling technique and the Krejcie & Morgan table, a sample of 265 respondents was selected. A structured 50-item questionnaire, validated by three experts and with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83, was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to answer research questions, while simple linear regression was used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Key findings revealed that product (grand mean = 3.43), promotion (grand mean = 3.09), place (grand mean = 2.95), and price (grand mean = 2.92) strategies all had a significant positive influence on sales performance. The regression results confirmed these significant influences: product (F(1,258) = 69.555, p < 0.05), promotion (F(1,258) = 97.677, p < 0.05), place (F(1,258) = 102.176, p < 0.05), and price (F(1,258) = 139.577, p < 0.05). The study concluded that all four marketing mix elements significantly enhance sales performance. It was recommended that petroleum firms should continuously improve product quality, implement targeted promotional campaigns, strategically select station locations, and adopt competitive pricing policies.

IMPACT OF FOOD CRISIS ON NIGERIA'S QUEST FOR FOOD SUFFICIENCY AND SECURITY IN THE ECONOMY

Loretta Kelechi NWOSU — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The escalating food crisis in Nigeria poses a substantial threat to the nation's quest for food self-sufficiency and long-term economic stability. This study employed an ex-post facto quantitative research design to examine the impact of Nigeria's food crisis on food sufficiency and security between 2013 and 2024. Secondary time-series data were sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Food and Agriculture Organization. The dependent variable Food Insecurity Prevalence (FIP) was regressed against five predictors: food inflation (FI), agricultural output (AO), food import dependency (FID), a security index (SI), and a COVID-19 dummy variable, using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. The findings reveal that food inflation significantly worsens food insecurity (β = -0.487, p < 0.001), while agricultural output emerges as the strongest protective factor (β = -0.568, p < 0.001). Food import dependency independently exacerbates insecurity (β = 0.312, p < 0.01). Additionally, the security index (β = -0.224, p < 0.05) and the COVID-19 shock (β = 0.193, p < 0.05) are also statistically significant contributors. The model explains 87.4% of the variance in food insecurity prevalence across the study period (R² = 0.874). The study concludes that Nigeria's food crisis is structurally rooted in low agricultural productivity, heavy reliance on imports, macroeconomic volatility and pervasive insecurity. Achieving meaningful food sufficiency requires coordinated policy interventions that address price stabilisation, domestic production enhancement, strategic import substitution and rural security as interconnected priorities rather than sequential objectives.

ORGANISATIONAL JUSTICE AND CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR IN BAYELSA STATE CIVIL SERVICE

Poazi, Francis Deinmodei W. (PhD) — Tue, 16 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this research is to look at how civil servants in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, behave as citizens and how organisational justice affects them. Equity theory and social exchange theory serve as the foundational frameworks for this investigation. A total of 25,789 government employees from 22 different ministries in Bayelsa State made up the study population. Using a simple random sampling approach, we determined the study's sample size of 359 government employees. The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient was used for the data analysis. The study's findings showed that civil servants in Bayelsa State who practise organisational justice are more likely to act as responsible citizens. The study therefore recommends that Bayelsa state civil service should ensure that ministries practice distributive justice to promote sportsmanship behaviour. Through distributive justice, ministries should raise civil servants who are willing to help others complete tasks at work, show loyalty to employers and coworkers, promote a sense of community among coworkers and teams, and advance the objectives of the ministry while also improving the social and psychological climate. Bayelsa state civil service should promote procedural justice by providing the enabling environment for civil servants to voice their opinions, concerns, and perspectives in decision-making processes. This will enhance altruistic behaviour in civil servants and make them embrace adaptable behaviours that are anticipated to assist certain individuals within the ministries since one employee can use downtime to assist another on a more important task. Bayelsa state civil service should encourage interactional justice by implementing fair and transparent conflict resolution processes to address interpersonal conflicts and grievances in a timely and constructive manner.

ORGANGE PEEL AND PINE BACK WASTE AS MEDIA FOR METAL REMOVAL FROM CRUDE OIL

Eminemi Mirinn, Andrew P. Abbott, Anthony Soroh, Bridget Konyefa — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Crude oil contains trace metal species that hinders performance during refining, poison catalysts, and results to environmental contamination. Conventional metal-removal processes, such as hydrotreating and solvent extraction, are energy-intensive and costly. In this study, organic wastes such as orange peel and pine bark were evaluated as alternative media for extracting metal-containing complexes from crude oil. Model experiments using iron, nickel and metal free phthalocyanines dissolved in toluene showed that all complexes were transferred intact into the adsorbent. Hydroxylated species and free ions coupled with the pH of the adsorbent were suspected as the major factors responsible for extraction. Across the formulations tested, more acidic organic waste systems consistently delivered higher extraction efficiencies. The methodology was then applied to a Nigerian crude oil sample to assess performance under realistic conditions. Organic waste effectively extracted metalloporphyrin and other metal species while maintaining good phase separation. A simple filtration-based workflow enabled recovery of the organic waste with minimal energy input, demonstrating the potential for operationally straightforward and metal-removal processes. Overall, this work establishes orange peel and pine bark as efficient, mechanistically understood, and potentially low- energy media for the extraction of metal species from crude oil, offering a promising basis for next-generation upgrading technologies.

TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING FOR JOB CREATION AMONG FARMERS AND AGRIPRENEURS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Unemployment remains a major socioeconomic challenge in South-South Nigeria despite the region's vast agricultural potential. This study examined the influence of training and capacity building on job creation among farmers and agripreneurs in the region. Anchored on the Agricultural Innovation System (AIS) Theory, the study adopted a cross-sectional explanatory survey design involving 542 respondents drawn from farmers, agripreneurs, agro-processors, cooperative members, and extension officers across the six South-South states of Nigeria. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. The findings revealed that training and capacity building significantly enhance employment generation among farmers and agripreneurs. Correlation results showed a strong positive relationship between training and job creation (r = 0.684, p < 0.05), while regression analysis indicated that training and capacity building significantly predict employment generation (β = 0.297, t = 5.67, p < 0.001). Respondents reported that participation in training programmes improved productivity, entrepreneurial competence, technology adoption, and business expansion, leading to increased full-time, part-time, and indirect employment opportunities, particularly for youth and women. Qualitative evidence further confirmed that capacity-building initiatives implemented by government agencies, NGOs, and Agricultural Development Programmes (ADPs) strengthened technical, managerial, and digital skills, thereby enhancing enterprise growth and labour absorption. The study concludes that training and capacity building are critical instruments for addressing unemployment and promoting sustainable agricultural entrepreneurship in South-South Nigeria. It recommends the expansion of continuous, inclusive, and demand-driven training programmes, strengthened extension services, and enhanced collaboration among government agencies, development partners, and private-sector actors to maximise the employment potential of the agricultural sector.

POLITICAL GODFATHERISM, RECKLESSNESS AND ABANDONMENT OF THE ELECTORATES IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

“Take or leave it”, the archetypal of godfather in Nigeria is more than the “ruthless” Mario Puzo’s kingpins in the Italian Mafia setting. The Nigerian political sphere has been characterized with thuggery, ballot snatching, politically motivated murder or homicide. This is because Nigerian election is seen as a “do or die affair”. Nigerian politicians are seen as among the richest politicians in the world. A Nigerian senator earns N13.5 million monthly aside other allowances and running costs. The political leaders, in their bid to get into one political position or the other at all cost, have devised most crooked means, through which they capture power. These include the massive recruitment of thugs and other numerous field campaigners and spy-like watchers. They have also resorted to glamorous promises to the people or their constituencies. Unfortunately, once they get into their various offices, they not only forget the promises made to the people, but abandon the thugs and other field workers they have used. These abandoned thugs, then resort to armed robbery, kidnapping, killing them or maiming them or abducting their relations for huge ransoms, which has constituted serious threat to both national security and development in the country.

THE EVOLUTION OF COMMERCE IN ELEME

Joseph Dada Obele (PD, BSc, PGD, MSc, MBA PhD) — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This framework helps understand the impact of colonialism on Eleme's local economy and its current commercial landscape. Commerce, business, and entrepreneurship in Eleme are as old as the history of the Eleme people themselves. The people of Eleme are not lazy; they are hardworking, and this hardworking nature contributed greatly to their strength, health, and long lifespan. All agricultural activities practices in Eleme includes: tilling the soil, cutting grass, digging holes for yams, and cassava. All the listed activities were done manually through intense physical labour. These tasks served as a form of daily exercise. They engaged actively in farming because there was no machinery for mechanized agriculture at the time. As a result, the people of Eleme enjoyed a long life. Before the arrival of colonial masters, who later introduced white-collar jobs, the average lifespan in Eleme was between 90 and 100 years. Untimely death was rare, and when it occurred, it was considered a taboo.

REVERSE LOGISTICS ADOPTION AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF TABLE WATER FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT

Songo Lawson (PhD), I.A Kalio — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper empirically examined the relationship between Reverse Logistics Adoption and Marketing Performance of Bottled Water Firms in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the objectives of this paper were to determine how material recycling and waste reduction relates with customer retention and market share growth of bottled water firms in Port Harcourt. The research design adopted was the correlational research design and the population of the study comprised of thirty-three (33) bottled water firms in Port Harcourt. This study adopted the census approach in which 4 managers were selected from each of the bottled water firms in Port Harcourt, making a total of one hundred and thirty-two (132) respondents. However, only 109 managers properly filled and returned their questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed in a 5-point Likert scale of strongly agree to strongly disagree. For the data analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the first four null hypotheses developed for this study and for the fifth hypothesis, a Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was employed. From the results of the analyses, it was revealed that the divisions of reverse logistics adoption which include material recycling and waste reduction positively and significantly relate with customer retention and market share growth (measures of marketing performance). More so, findings revealed that firm size significantly moderates the relationship between reverse logistics adoption and marketing performance of bottled water firms in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that reverse logistics is not merely a cost-saving or compliance tool but a powerful marketing lever for bottled water firms aiming for sustainable growth and long-term consumer engagement in an increasingly eco-conscious market. Therefore, the study recommended amongst others that bottled water firms in Port Harcourt should develop and implement efficient material recycling systems to enhance customer retention and support long-term sustainability goals.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE ON THE EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Augustine Sambo AZI, Ph.D — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the impact of government revenue and expenditure on the educational development of Plateau State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 100 education stakeholders comprising officials from the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, school administrators, and teachers. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to ensure balanced representation of key stakeholders. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis and ANOVA, with hypotheses tested at 0.05 significance level using SPSS version 26.The findings revealed significant positive relationships between government revenue and educational development (F = 42.682, p < 0.05), with revenue explaining 30.4% of variations in educational outcomes. Similarly, expenditure trends showed a significant positive relationship with educational development (F = 61.494, p < 0.05), accounting for 39.7% of variations. The study concluded that government revenue and expenditure significantly influence educational development in Plateau State. Based on the findings, it was recommended that a dedicated education trust fund should be established by the Plateau state government and the Plateau state government should increase its education budget allocation to 15-20% of total state budget.

STRATEGIC RESPONSE AND ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AMONG OIL AND GAS SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Dr. Agabe, Nlemaa Aleelo, Odum, Godstime — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between strategic response and organisational growth among oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of strategic response such as innovation-oriented strategy relate with organisational growth in terms of financial growth and market growth. The study adopted a correlational research design, using a structured questionnaire administered to 60 managerial-level respondents drawn from 10 oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State, drawn from the Nigerian Content and Monitoring Board as reported in March, 2025. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used for the test of hypotheses. Findings revealed that both innovation-oriented strategy and adaptive strategy have strong and significant positive relationships with organisational growth of oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State. The study concludes that strategic response enhances organisational growth. Among others, the study recommends that oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State in Rivers State should invest more in advanced exploration, drilling, and digital technologies, to reduce operational costs, improve efficiency, as such would enhance their financial growth.

ETHICAL AUDITING AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: A DUAL APPROACH TO FIGHTING FINANCIAL FRAUD IN NIGERIA

Dr. Amadi-Robert, Wofuru — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between ethical auditing and technological innovation as a dual strategy for combating financial fraud in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive and correlational research design, utilizing primary data obtained from 140 auditors, accountants, and compliance officers across selected audit firms and financial institutions in Lagos and Abuja. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that auditors’ integrity, objectivity, competence, and independence significantly influence technological innovation in audit practice. Among these dimensions, auditors’ professional competence exerted the strongest effect, highlighting the importance of skill development and technological literacy in fraud detection and prevention. The study concludes that ethical auditing provides a foundation for the effective adoption of digital auditing tools such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and data analytics. It recommends continuous ethics training, technological capacity building, and regulatory enforcement to enhance transparency, accountability, and innovation in the Nigerian auditing profession.

ADVANCED OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY HYBRID DAMPING CONTROL OF MODULAR MULTILEVEL CONVERTERS USING WIDE-AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS TO MITIGATE SUB-SYNCHRONOUS OSCILLATIONS

Peace Barididum BIRAGBARA , Lesuanu DUMKHANA — Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the performance of a Hybrid Damping Control strategy applied to a
Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based HVDC offshore wind farm to mitigate sub-synchronous oscillations (SSOs) and enhance system stability. The primary problem addressed is the insufficient damping of high-frequency oscillatory modes under conventional local control, which can compromise dynamic performance and grid reliability. The methodology integrates fast local damping using resonant current injection with a supervisory wide-area measurement system (WAMS) employing Prony analysis for mode estimation. The hybrid current reference combines local and wide-area damping signals with delay compensation to ensure phase-aligned control.
Simulation results demonstrate significant performance improvements: the d-axis current
oscillation amplitude is reduced from ±50 A to ±30 A, and the q-axis from ±30 A to ±15 A,
achieving full settling within 4 s and 3 s, respectively. The damping ratios for critical modes
increase from 0.05 and 0.03 under local control to 0.11 and 0.10 with hybrid control, representing approximately 7% absolute improvement. Oscillation energy is drastically reduced, with cumulative energy falling from 1260 A²·s to 90 A²·s (≈93% reduction) in one scenario and from 760 A²·s to 25 A²·s (≈97% reduction) in another, confirming robust energy mitigation. Settling times and overshoot percentages are also significantly improved, demonstrating faster, more stable responses. These quantitative results validate the effectiveness of the Hybrid Damping strategy in enhancing dynamic stability, minimizing oscillatory energy, and ensuring reliable operation of offshore wind integration, providing actionable insights for grid operators and policymakers in the deployment of advanced damping controls in MMC-HVDC systems.

ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AS A MODERATING ROLE ON FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE AND ADMINISTRATIVE HEADS OF BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

Prof. Sam Otamiri, Bakpo Comfort Barine — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between organizational culture as a moderating role on financial discipline of administrative heads and delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain how dimensions of financial discipline of administrative heads correlate with measures of delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The reviewed related literature x-rayed on Portfolio Theory, Positive Accounting Theory and Big Bucket Theory of Record Management. It was also found that there was a moderating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between financial discipline of administrative heads and delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The study concluded that administrative heads of tertiary institutions in Rivers State who exhibit strong financial discipline can allocate funds strategically to hire qualified Business Educators, maintain state-of-the-art facilities, and invest in innovative teaching methods, all of which are essential for delivering high-quality Business Education programme. Consequently, it was recommended among others that administrators in tertiary institutions in Rivers State should utilize advanced financial management software such as expenses tracking application to monitor and report their spending in the process of providing study contents.

CLIMATE CHANGE DYNAMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK PATHWAYS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Didia Michael Uzodianya — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Climate change represents a systemic global environmental risk with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable coastal regions. This study examines the interaction between global climate drivers and localized anthropogenic stressors in Rivers State, Nigeria, a hydrocarbon-dependent and low-lying coastal region of the Niger Delta. Using a structured qualitative review approach, the study synthesizes peer-reviewed literature, institutional climate reports, and regional environmental assessments to analyze climate-induced impacts on water resources, soils, sediments, and air quality. The analysis distinguishes between primary climatic drivers (temperature rise, rainfall variability, sea-level rise, extreme weather events) and secondary anthropogenic pressures (gas flaring, illegal refining, oil spills, deforestation, urban expansion). Findings indicate that climate change functions as a risk multiplier, amplifying pre-existing environmental vulnerabilities through identifiable causal pathways including salinity intrusion, sediment remobilization, soil degradation, and atmospheric pollution intensification. The study contributes to sub-national climate risk scholarship by integrating global climate governance frameworks with context-specific adaptation strategies for Rivers State.

COMPETITIVE WAGES AND INFORMATION MANAGERS’ PERFORMANCE IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determine the relationship between wages and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between compensation techniques and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes competitive wages to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively, relate interpersonally, and as well as manage records effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

INDUSTRY-ACADEMY PARTNERSHIPS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE-READY MARKETERS: EVIDENCE FROM RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Dr. Patrick Nwuche, Dr. Giadom Peter Popnem , Dr. Tom, Charles Miyene — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The disconnect between academia and industry has led to a mismatch between the skills imparted by institutions and the needs of employers, resulting in a shortage of industry-ready marketers. IAP can bridge this gap by providing students with practical skills, internships, and mentorship opportunities, making them more employable and industry-ready. This study therefore investigates the influence of Industry-Academy Partnerships and the Development of Future-Ready Marketer in Rivers State.The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Three research questions were posed and three hypothesis were tested. The population of the study consist of marketing lecturers and final year marketing students comprising 80 and 172 respectively from the three universities offering marketing education in Rivers State. Respondents from the various institutions were surveyed through questionnaire administration. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha and a reliability coefficient of 0.89 was obtained. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics was done using z-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The findings from the analysis result reveal no significant difference in the mean rating of respondents on the influence of industry-academic partnership on the development of future-ready marketerinRivers State, Nigeria. It was concluded that by strengthening partnership in curriculum development, internship and placement, and resource sharing, institutions can equip marketing graduates with the necessary skills, knowledge, and competencies to meet industry needs.The study therefore recommends that Industry partners should be more involved in curriculum development and review to ensure marketing courses are relevant and aligned with industry needs.

STABILITY AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A SHIGELLA INFECTION EPIDEMIC MODEL AT DISEASE-FREE EQUILIBRIUM

Ochi P.O., , Agada A. A., Udonsa Aniefiok Ezekiel — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, we modified continuous mathematical model for the dynamics of shigella outbreak at constant recruitment rate formulated by (Ojaswita et. al., 2014). In their model, they partitioned the population into Susceptible (S), Infected (I) and recovered (R) individuals. We incorporated a vaccinated class (V), educated class (G), exposed class (E), asymptomatic (A) hospitalized class (H) and Bacteria class (B) with their corresponding parameters. We analyzed a SVGEAIHRB compartmental nonlinear deterministic mathematical model of shigella epidemic in a community with constant population. Analytical studies were carried out on the model to: investigate the existence and uniqueness of solution of the model equations and explore the basic properties of the model equations (i.e. the positivity and boundedness of solutions of the model). The basic R0 reproductive number that governs the disease transmission is obtained from the largest eigenvalue of the next-generation matrix. The disease-free equilibrium points of the model is computed and proved to be locally and globally asymptotically stable if and unstable if . A sensitivity analysis of the epidemiological model of shigella epidemic is performed in order to determine which model parameters are the most important to disease transmission. Finally, we simulate the model system in MATLAB and obtained the graphical behavior of the variables in the R0  model

1 . From the simulation, we observed that the shigella infection was eradicated when

R0  while it persist in the environment when 1.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING INNOVATIVENESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF EATERIES IN PORT HARCOURT

Adebayo Joshua Olaitan Ph.D — Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically examined the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness and organizational competitiveness of eateries in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design. The population of the study comprised fifty-two (52) registered eateries under the Rivers State Ministry of Commerce and Industry. A sample of ten (10) eateries was selected for the study. The unit of analysis consisted of six (6) managerial staff from each firm, including marketing, production, finance, human resources, sales, and general managers, resulting in a total of sixty (60) respondents. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising thirty-nine (39) items, which captured the dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness (product, brand, and packaging innovation) and measures
of organizational competitiveness (market share growth and customer retention). Out of the sixty(60) questionnaires distributed, forty-nine (49) were returned, and after data screening, forty-four (44) valid responses were retained for analysis, representing a 73% effective response rate. Data were analyzed using both univariate descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation) and bivariate inferential statistics, specifically simple regression analysis, withthe aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness significantly and positively influences organizational competitiveness, particularly in terms of market share growth and customer retention. This suggests that firms that adopt innovative marketing practices are better positioned to achieve superior competitive outcomes. The study concludes that entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness is a critical driver of competitiveness in the hospitality sector. It recommends that eateries should proactively adopt innovative marketing strategies, embrace new business models, and integrate innovation across their value delivery processes to enhance adaptability, improve market responsiveness, and sustain competitive advantage in both local and broader markets.

INFORMATION SHARING AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

IWO-BROWN, Maureen Teidou, OBOMA, Nathan, PhD, ROWLAND, Beatrice M., PhD — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between information sharing and two measures of organisational innovativeness: product innovativeness and service innovativeness, in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored in Kanter's Structural Empowerment Theory and the Information Sharing Theory, the study adopted a positivist epistemological stance and a cross-sectional correlational survey design. The study population comprised twenty deposit money banks operating in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, with five managerial staff purposively selected from each institution, yielding a total sample of 100 respondents. Data were collected using a validated and reliable five-point Likert-scale structured questionnaire, and analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistic via SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed that information sharing has a significant, positive, and moderate relationship with product innovativeness (r = .505, p = .000 < .05), and a significant, positive, but very weak relationship with service innovativeness (r = .106, p = .01 < .05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming that information sharing significantly relates to both product and service innovativeness in Nigerian deposit money banks. The study concluded that robust information sharing practices among bank managers enhance the institution's capacity for product and service innovation. Recommendations include the institutionalisation of structured information dissemination systems, digital collaboration platforms, and knowledge management frameworks that facilitate real-time information flow among managerial staff in Nigerian deposit money banks.

ROUTE PLANNING STRATEGIES AND MARKET SHARE GROWTH OF MARITIME BUSINESS IN PORT HARCOURT

Dr Tutah Tonye Chukundah, Dr Adokiye Precious Charles, Dr. Patrick Nwuche — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Our study on route planning strategies and market share growth of maritime business adopted the correlational research design. The population of the study comprised of thirty-six (36) registered maritime firms in Port Harcourt, and census approach was adopted. focused on operations, logistics, marketing, fleet, and strategic planning managers. Questionnaire was the major instrument for data collection, validated by two research experts in the Department of Marketing, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, with reliability index of 0.84 using Cronbach's alpha calculation method. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) copies of the questionnaire were administered respondents, and data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the various hypotheses formulated, with the aid statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 27. The study revealed that efficient cargo handling practices, can enhance operational performance, customer satisfaction, and partnership for maritime businesses, and lead time through efficient route planning can enhance competitiveness, customer relationships, and increased revenue for maritime businesses. The study concluded that route planning strategies has significant influence on market share growth of maritime businesses. That there is significant relationships between cargo handling and partnership, lead time and increased revenue, The results suggest that efficient cargo handling, reduced lead time, through strategic route planning enhancing operational performance, customer satisfaction, competitiveness, and business outcomes for maritime businesses. Consequently, the study strongly recommended that maritime businesses should prioritize efficient cargo handling, efficient lead time through strategic route planning and optimization. Maritime management should invest in technology and infrastructure to enhance cargo handling, optimize routes, and improve scheduling to boost competitiveness and business outcomes.

DIGITAL OFFICE PRACTICES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, ECHENDU, Sharon Ifeoma — Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study empirically examined the relationship between digital office practices and information management effectiveness in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Digital office practices were operationalised through two dimensions: electronic records management and digital communication systems. Information management effectiveness was assessed through information accessibility and information security. Anchored on Information Systems Theory and guided by a correlational survey design, data were obtained from 248 administrative officers and office management staff drawn from Rivers State University, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, using a structured questionnaire. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.78 to 0.84 for all subscales. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was employed to test four null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed significant positive relationships between electronic records management and information accessibility (r = 0.614, p < 0.05), electronic records management and information security (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), digital communication systems and information accessibility (r = 0.589, p < 0.05), and digital communication systems and information security (r = 0.541, p < 0.05). The study concluded that digital office practices significantly determine information management effectiveness in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. It was recommended, among others, that institutions invest in upgraded digital office infrastructure and staff capacity development programmes to sustain improvements in information accessibility and security.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COMPETENCES AND SECRETARIES JOB PERFORMANCE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE.

NWAOBURU, Blessing Ph.D — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated investigate the relationship between Artificial Intelligence Competences and Secretaries Job Performance in Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A correlational research design was adopted in the study. The population for the study comprised of 305 secretaries in selected tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The entire population was used for the study, hence, there was no sampling. The instruments for the data collection were two self-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher titled “Questionnaire On Artificial Intelligence competencies of secretaries (QAICS)” and Questionnaire on Job Performance of Secretaries (QJPS). It has two sections. The first session contains the demographic data of the respondents while the second section contains item statements and response options. The response option was: Strongly Agreed (SA)-4, Agreed (A)-3, Disagreed (DA)-2, Strongly Disagreed (SDA)-1. The instruments were validated by three experts. Cronbach alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument and reliability coefficients of 0.84 and 0.81 was established. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to analyze the data collected in the study while t-transformation was used to test the hypotheses formulated in the study at 0.05 level of significance. Findings in the study shows that; AI document management competency, AI data processing competencies relates to job performance of secretaries in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Based on these findings, conclusions and recommendations were made.

EFFECTS OF CONCEPT MAPPING ON PERFORMANCE AND MOTIVATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG UPPER BASIC II STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Felicia Omayoza Salami, Guga, A, Aliyu, A.D, Ismaila, S. — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effects of concept mapping on academic performance and motivation in Social Studies among upper basic II students in Plateau state Nigeria. The study was guided by three (3) objectives, research questions and hypotheses are line with stated objectives. The study adopted Quasi-experimental and descriptive research design. The population of the study consisted of 21879 students from which 131 students were used as sample for the study. Purposive sampled sampling technique was used to select the school used for the study. Two instruments were used for data collection, that is, Social Studies Performance Test (SSPT) and Social Studies Motivation Questionnaire (SSMQ). Pilot test was conducted and .619 and .788 results were obtained. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while hypothesis one were tested using Paired sample t-test, hypothesis two were tested using independent sample t-test while three uses Wilcoxon statistics. The findings revealed among others that The post-test performance of students taught Social Studies using concept mapping strategy was higher than the pre-test performance in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). The performances of students taught Social Studies using concept mapping was better than and those taught using conventional method in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). it was concluded that concept mapping enhanced students’ academic performance and motivation in Social Studies at the Upper Basic II level in Plateau State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that curriculum planners should encourage and accommodate the use of concept mapping at in all levels of education. Social Studies teachers should be encouraged to use student-entered approach. Government should organize workshop and seminars for teachers on the effectiveness of Concept Mapping.

21st Century Administration: The Office Information Management Nexus

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, PhD — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The twenty-first century has reconstituted the administrative office from a physical, paper-intensive setting into a dynamic nexus for the generation, processing, governance, and strategic deployment of information. This chapter examines the convergence of office administration and information management in contemporary organizational settings, with sustained attention to the Nigerian experience. Drawing on verified empirical studies conducted within the Nigerian academic and civil service contexts, the chapter engages critically with the contributions of scholars in administrative theory, records management, and information systems. The chapter advances the argument that sustainable administrative efficiency in the 21st century demands coherent alignment between information management strategy, technological infrastructure, and human capital development. The discussion surfaces the structural, institutional, and cultural impediments that have complicated this alignment within Nigeria, while identifying emerging opportunities offered by digital transformation. Implications for policy, professional practice, and tertiary education in Office and Information Management are articulated.

TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS OF LOCALLY MANUFACTURE GOODS IN ABIA STATE.

Akaeze, Michael , D.C Igani (Ph.D) — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship Transportation management strategy and consumer purchase decisions of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. The study adopted correlational research design. The population of this study consisted of 79 locally manufacture goods in Abia State with 237 respondents. This study employed census sampling techniques to study the entire population because the population is not large. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. The data collected were presented and analyzed using percentage and frequency analysis, and mean. Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. The SPSS version 24 was used to perform the bivariate. The results are that fleet management has significant relationship with customer satisfaction of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. The study also found a significant relationship between Risk Management and customer satisfaction of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. Based on these findings, it was concluded that Transportation management strategies are significant predictors of consumer purchase decisions of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. Based on the conclusion, it was recommended that Firms should implement efficient fleet management strategies, including regular vehicle maintenance, driver training, and proper scheduling. This will reduce breakdowns, ensure timely delivery, and maintain product quality, all of which positively influence consumer satisfaction and repeat purchases; Manufacturers and logistics operators should invest in modern technologies such as GPS tracking systems, Transportation Management Systems (TMS), and real-time data platforms. These technologies will enhance route optimization, improve delivery coordination, and ensure transparency, which can boost consumer confidence and purchase decisions.

SCHOOLS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN PUBLC AND CATHOLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NORTHERN SENATORIAL ZONE OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Justin Nengak Podos, Timson I. Ndupuechi , Tolutope I. Oke — Thu, 28 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Schools management strategies are important to achieving academic goals in secondary schools. Effective implementation of schools management strategies are associated with better academic goals outcome for schools. In Nigeria, there are two basic types of secondary schools: public and private. Public schools are owned by government and run by its agents, while private schools are owned by individuals, organizations or corporations. The Catholic Church runs one of the most popular network of secondary schools in Nigeria. There is a general sense that this ownership status of schools can influence the effectiveness of implementing schools management strategies. It is therefore imperative to examine how well public and Catholic schools perform in regards to schools management strategies. Using a descriptive survey research design, the study employed a sample of 325 teachers in 68 public secondary schools and 68 teachers in eight Catholic secondary schools in Plateau Northern Senatorial zone of Plateau State, Nigeria. The Schools Management Strategies Questionnaire (SMSQ) was develop with 46 likert-scale items to examine six schools management strategies employed by public and Catholic schools in the study area: academic goal setting, teaching quality control, discipline management, students’ motivation and resources management. The results show that respondents agreed both public and Catholic schools are performing well in all three schools management strategies. However, the independent t-test results show that Catholic schools are faring better than public schools in implementing all three schools management strategies. The study recommends that schools management be encouraged to adopt global best practices in managing strategies. Government is also enjoined to provide greater support to both public and Catholic schools for more effective implementation of schools management strategies.

CUSTOMER SERVICE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND BUSINESS EXPANSION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN UGHELLI, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Asagba Samuel — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined whether customer service management (CSM) practices significantly influence the expansion of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria. Applying a descriptive survey research design with a sample of 200 SME owners and managers selected via simple random sampling, data were obtained through a structured, validated questionnaire and subjected to Pearson Product-Moment Correlation analysis. The study tested the null hypothesis that customer service management practices do not significantly influence SME expansion. Descriptive analysis revealed strong agreement among respondents that CSM practices drive multiple dimensions of business expansion, including customer satisfaction (Mean = 3.47), brand reputation (Mean = 3.44), customer loyalty (Mean = 3.44), repeat purchases (Mean = 3.42), and revenue growth (Mean = 3.40), with a high cluster mean of 3.35. The inferential analysis yielded r = 0.768 (p = 0.000), establishing a strong positive and statistically significant relationship between CSM practices and SME expansion, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. The study concludes that systematic customer service management is a strategic imperative for SME expansion in Ughelli and recommends institutional support mechanisms to bridge the implementation gap.

EFFECTS OF TACTILE MODEL ON SENIOR SECONDARY ONE STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Sani Danladi, Friday John, Prof. Felicia O. Agbo — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning effects of tactile models on students with Visual Impairment’ achievement in Biology. This study intends to assists Biology teachers to implement tactile models effectively in the classrooms so as to get a satisfactory learning out-come from student in senior secondary schools. The study was conducted in Plateau State Senior Secondary one students with Visual Impairment, the study used an integrate approach from several relevant psycho-educational theories with a frame work of subsequent reflections that derived effective results. The models were locally designed and used as instructional models from an integrated view point. The models were examined for their validity and reliability as well as their capacity for assessing students’ academic achievements in Biology. They were involved in teaching and learning process at Senior Secondary Schools, data were collected and analysed and the results revealed that the students’ perception and learning with tactile models have a positive and significant effect on students’ academic achievement. Also, they were found to be useful tools for conducting formative evaluation of teaching and learning process since they allow perception from students to be captured and compared across deference dimensions. The study adopted quasi experimental research design using pre-test, post-test control groups without randomization. The study was conducted on two groups of students in senior secondary schools in Plateau State, namely Experimental and Controlled groups, the two groups were pre-tested and after administering the intervention the two groups were post-tested. The sample used comprises of 10 male and female students with Visual Impairment. Hypotheses were formulated and questionnaires were administered at the beginning of the lesson and the students’ intention to learn was measured. Pre-test and post-test were done on the students to assess their achievement in Biology. The study shows that the students with Visual Impairments that experience the tactile models intervention did well in Biology.

SCHOOL ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES AND EDUCATIONAL SERVICE DELIVERY IN RIVERS STATE PUBLIC SCHOOLS

LONGJOHN Dagogo Alu, PhD , WOKOMA Allen Dagogo, PhD — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between school environmental sustainability practices and educational service delivery in Rivers State public schools. The study adopted a correlational research design. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population comprised 8,678 respondents consisting of 310 principals and 8,368 teachers in 310 public secondary schools in Rivers State. A sample size of 382 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane formula and selected through a multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using researcher-developed instruments titled: “School Environmental Sustainability Practices (SESPQ)” and “Educational Service Delivery Questionnaire (ESDQ)”. The instruments were validated by experts in Educational Management and Measurement and Evaluation, while its reliability was established using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), which yielded coefficients of 0.85 and 0.80. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using Multiple Regression Analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that waste management practices and environmental maintenance practices had significant positive relationships with educational service delivery in Rivers State public schools. The study further showed that both variables significantly contributed to educational service delivery, with environmental maintenance practices making the greater contribution. The study concluded that effective implementation of environmental sustainability practices enhances instructional effectiveness and learning outcomes in public schools. It was recommended, among others, that school administrators should strengthen waste management systems and implement regular environmental maintenance programmes to promote quality educational service delivery.

PROCEDURAL JUSTICE AND EMPLOYEE CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR OF MARINE COMPANIES IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

Anozie Nnenna Lucy — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study “examined the relationship between procedural justice and employee citizenship behaviour of marine companies in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study was motivated by the increasing need for employees to exhibit positive discretionary behaviours that enhance organizational effectiveness beyond formal job requirements. Procedural justice was examined as the predictor variable, while employee citizenship behaviour was measured using sportsmanship and courtesy. The study was anchored on Equity Theory propounded by John Stacey Adams (1963), which emphasizes the importance of fairness perceptions in shaping employee attitudes and behaviours. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. Data were collected from 82 employees drawn from seven marine companies in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, using a structured questionnaire titled Procedural Justice and Employee Citizenship Behaviour Index (PJECBI). The instrument achieved a reliability coefficient of 0.77 using Cronbach’s Alpha. The hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 25.0. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between procedural justice and employee sportsmanship (r = 0.705, p < 0.01). The study also found a significant positive relationship between procedural justice and employee courtesy (r = 0.681, p < 0.01). These results indicate that employees who perceive organizational procedures as fair, transparent, and unbiased are more likely to exhibit positive citizenship behaviours such as sportsmanship and courtesy. The study concluded that procedural justice significantly enhances employee citizenship behaviour in marine companies in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study recommended that management of marine companies should ensure transparency in decision-making processes so that employees understand how and why organizational decisions are made, thereby encouraging sportsmanship and reducing complaints; Management should apply organizational policies consistently and fairly to all employees to promote mutual respect, trust, and courteous behaviour” in the workplace.

DIGITAL ARCHIVING UTILIZATION AND SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

IKURU, Erien-naikachep Maurice , DICK, Aa-nu Sunday, RETURN, Harvest Wokeh — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria, are increasingly finding it important to have sustainable competitive advantage. The study focused on the relationship between the use of digital archiving and sustainable competitive advantage of commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Organizational culture was used as a moderator. This paper was based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The researchers defined digital archiving utilization as an enabler for retrieval efficiency, digital storage and information system reliability, and the measures of sustainable competitive advantage are service quality superiority, organizational resilience and financial performance. The research design used was the cross-sectional survey design that allowed for effective data collection from the respondents and analysis. The population of this study comprised of the twenty-eight (28) commercial banks operation in Rivers State, Nigeria. The researchers used census sample and sampling size technique. The sample size comprised of 184 staff of the records management, information technology and operations departments of twenty eight (28) licensed commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria of which 168 questionnaires were returned representing 91.3% response rate. The study finds that the utilization of digital archiving is an important technological competence that can be used to enhance sustainable competitive advantage of commercial banks. Among others, the study suggests strengthening the digital archiving systems by enhancing retrieval mechanisms, secure storage infrastructure and reliable information technology systems to ensure the organization's performance and competitive advantage.

GENDER EQUALITY AND ADMINISTRATIVE PARTICIPATION IN NIGERIA

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Politics of gender equality is a perennial problem dominating economic and political affairs especially in Nigeria. It is an objective achievable with the advent of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG's). It is also attainable through strategies aimed at bringing about education opportunities, women empowerment and vocational education, Women can at lain authority, status and financial empowerment for rapid economic and political stability. The paper assesses the politics of issue of gender equality and women empowerment as a development oriented policy and proffers some strategies aimed at ensuring and providing vocational education. The paper gives means of eliminating the problems of politics of inequality and women empowerment in Nigeria.

FORM, CONTENTS AND FUNCTIONALITY IN THE MYTHIC ORAL SONG-TEXTS OF ẸGỤ OMELIMỌ OJENỌKỤ IN ỤMỤSỤMẸ-OBỊẠRỤKỤ

Gegeri, Dike-Gegeri Ph.D — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The concern of this paper is on the form, content and functionality in the mythic oral poetic song-texts of Egu Omelimo ojenoku as are hatched during the Omelimo Okumeshi (the festival celebration of Okumeshi). The paper also dwells on the myth of origin of the Ojenoku festival dance, the movements or the dramatic shifts during the in-performance, proper, as well as the aesthetics, symbolisms and functionality, therein. The concluding part of this same paper is on the factors inhibiting the effective enactment of the Ojenoku festival dance cum song rendition, and the recommendations to upholding the tenets of the dramatic dance. The methodology encompasses oral interviews, personal observations, video recordings of the dramatic performances, as well as the recourse to the library and the internet for further clarification. And, because the festival dance cum song-texts are culture based, Bronislaw Kasper Malinowski’s “Theory of Functionalism” and William Bascom’s “Functional Theory of Folklore” are adopted as the bases for the theoretical framework for this paper, so as to depict the socio-cultural functions of the Ojenoku festival dance in Umusume Quarters in Obiaruku.

AVAILABILITY OF DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE AS MODERATOR ON DIGITAL FLUENCY AND TEACHING STAFF PERFORMANCE IN GOVERNMENT-OWNED UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

Silas-Dikibo, Ingigha Deborah — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between digital fluency and teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, with available digital infrastructure as a moderating variable. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of digital fluency, such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and digital outcasts and teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, especially in terms of teaching effectiveness, research output/publications, and teaching commitment. The explanatory cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted twenty-four thousand, seven hundred and ninety (24790) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After the application of Taro Yamene formula, the sample size of the study was three hundred and ninety-four (394) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After validation by the supervisors and two other experts in the Department of Office and Information Management, Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument. A total of three hundred and ninety-four (394) copies of the questionnaire was administered to the respondents by the researcher with the help of two research assistants and 352 copies were retrieved. The univariate analysis was carried out using mean and standard deviation, while the bivariate analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0. The Partial Correlation was used to run the multivariate analysis. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses one to nine, while hypothesis ten was tested using Partial Correlations. The findings revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between dimensions of digital fluency, such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and digital outcasts and measures of teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, such as teaching effectiveness, research output/publications, and teaching commitment. The study concluded that sustained investment in digital infrastructure, continuous staff technological development, and inclusive digital transformation policies are essential for enhancing teaching staff performance and advancing the global competitiveness, innovation, and sustainability of government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended amongst others that the management of universities in South-South, Nigeria should establish advanced digital innovation hubs within faculties to encourage digitally fluent lecturers to develop technology-driven teaching models, virtual research collaborations, and multimedia instructional resources that can further enhance teaching effectiveness and research productivity.

EMPLOYEE REDUCTION AND COMMITMENT IN FIVE STAR HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE

Esther Richard — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of organisational downsizing interact with employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Findings revealed that there is a relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Also, there is a moderating role of organisational culture on the relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The study also concluded that employee reduction correlate with commitment, and it is being moderated by the organizational culture. The study recommended amongst others that management of five star hotels adopt and implement strategies that supports employee hard work in terms of task execution and reward them appropriately to boast their morale and commitment.

CLOUD-BASED RECOVERY STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Dr. Chux-Nyeche, Gloria Chinyere, Obele, Abali James — Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined cloud-based recovery strategy and administrative efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. The objectives of the study was to examine the relationship between cloud-based recovery strategy and measures of administrative efficiency such as cost efficiency, optimized process and timeliness in commercial banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on Technology Acceptance Model as its theoretical foundation. The study adopted explanatory cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Eight (308) administrative heads and supervisors of Twenty-Three (23) commercial banks’ headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Seventy-Four (174) respondents. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Formula. To address the differences in the distribution of the population across the commercial banks, Bowley’s (1960) Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was adopted and applied. Thus, the study adopted random sampling techniques. Structured questionnaire was used as the main instrument for the collection of primary data. Cronbach alpha via SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 24.0) was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. The Spearman Rank Order (Rho) was used for analysis. It was found that there is a significant positive relationship between cloud-based recovery strategy and administrative efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. It was concluded that, in a competitive and digitally driven banking environment, particularly within the operational realities of Rivers State, the adoption of cloud-based recovery is not merely a technological upgrade but a strategic imperative for sustaining efficiency, resilience, and long-term competitiveness. Consequently, the study recommended that management of commercial banks should fully integrate cloud-based recovery strategy systems with their core banking applications and operational workflows to ensure seamless data synchronization and eliminate manual redundancies.

EFFECTS OF BLENDED LEARNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SS 11 BIOLOGY STUDENTS IN OBIO-AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA’ OF RIVERS STATE

Chukundah, Uchechi Doris (PhD), Oghogho Odibo — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Our study centered on Effects of Blended Learning on Academic Achievement of SS2 Biology Students. The study involved a pre-test post-test nonequivalent control group involving quasi-experimental design. Two objectives, two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. Two thousand one hundred SS2 Biology students from twenty public secondary schools in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area constituted the population of the study while the sample size comprised of two hundred SS2 Biology students drawn from two schools via purposive sampling. Intact class was used and the students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental groups were taught using blended learning, while the control groups were taught using the lecture method. Biology achievement test on genetics (BATG) was used. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study held that there is statistical significant improvement in students’ achievement in genetics after exposure to blended learning instruction. There is no statistically difference in the achievement of boys and girls when exposed to blended learning. Consequently, the study recommended that Biology teachers should use blended learning approaches in solving learning problems. .Government should organize workshop for teachers and students on the use of blended learning approach.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES AND MARITAL SATISFACTION AMONG YOUNG COUPLES IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Grace Onyowo Ugboha, Nwanyinnaya Charity Williams — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the relationship between communication strategies (active listening, assertiveness, conflict resolution) and marital satisfaction among 200 young couples (ages 20-35) in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. Despite cultural emphasis on marital harmony, urban stressors and traditional gender roles often strain couple interactions. Employing a cross-sectional survey design, data from 200 young couples (stratified sampling) in Jos metropolis were analyzed via mean and standard deviation. Couples from different wards in Jos were targeted for this study. Structured questionnaire (Likert-scale items on communication strategies and marital satisfaction) was used to elicit information from the couples. The validity of the instrument was ensured alongside the reliability. Communication strategies/patterns commonly used by young couples in Jos metropolis were identified. Also, level of marital satisfaction among the young couples was discovered. The study provided insights for culturally tailored interventions, including skill-building workshops and community-based counseling, to strengthening marital bonds and family cohesion in Nigeria.

A COLLABORATIVE PLATFORM FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL NETWORKS

Dr. Musa Sule Argungu, Hussaini Shuaibu, Shamsu Arzika Aliero — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become very important tools for quality higher education and research, Countries and institutions recognize that academic and research networks are essential components of national infrastructures. For example, cases were made for (National Research and Educational Network) NRENs as “public goods”, because of their far-reaching implications on learning, teaching, research and many other scientific endeavors that have positive impact on economic growth and social development. The study purpose is aimed at the designing a frame work model as well as application for research and educational network that will enable researchers and students from various institute of higher learning to collaborate with each other.

National research and education networks (NRENs) play a critical role in the development of

communication network infrastructure and networked services for researchers and educators. In collaboration with other Researchers and Educational Network, the research will develop a roadmap for the development of NRENs in Nigerian university and region. This was based on the results of a literature review that was conducted to investigate whether the proposed framework model and application will improve collaboration between scholars and students of various universities in Nigeria. The research proposed a frame work model which was developed into an application. The application was tested and found to be of significant to the research and educational network in Nigeria Universities.

TAX INCENTIVES AND RETURN ON ASSET OF LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi , Dumbo-Bulor Ada — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined tax incentives and Return on Assets of listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Among the specific objectives of the study, were to; identify the relationship between capital allowances and sales growth of listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria; An Ex-post-facto research strategy was used for this investigation. the population of the research includes of the twenty-one (21) listed consumer goods manufacturing companies on Nigerian Exchange Group record for the period of seven (7) years from 2018-2024, however, (13) companies were consistent in the listed. The simple techniques used was judgmental techniques. The statistical tool used in this study was the multiple linear regression models. The following were among the summary of the study findings from the analysis: CA showed negative and significant relationship with ROA; ITC indicated positive and significant relationship with ROA. The study concluded that tax incentives had a significant influence on the sales growth of the listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Thus, it was recommended that Conduct comprehensive tax planning: Manufacturing companies should engage in comprehensive tax planning to fully understand and leverage the available tax incentives and credits. This involves working closely with tax experts and understanding the specific tax laws and regulations applicable to their industry and region.

INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Obindah Fortune (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of parental socioeconomic status on students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the effects of parental income, educational level, and occupational status on students’ academic outcomes. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study, targeting a population of 191,155 students across 311 senior secondary schools. A representative sample of 400 students was selected using a multi-stage sampling technique to ensure coverage across the senatorial districts. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and students’ academic records, with the instrument achieving a reliability index of 0.83. The hypotheses were tested using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine differences in academic performance across the categories of parental socioeconomic factors. The results revealed significant differences in students’ academic performance based on parental income (F(2, 397) = 12.45, p < 0.05), parental educational level (F(2, 397) = 15.78, p < 0.05), and parental occupational status (F(2, 397) = 9.02, p < 0.05). These findings indicate that higher parental socioeconomic status positively influences students’ academic outcomes, with children from families of higher income, education, and occupational standing achieving better results than their peers from lower-status backgrounds. The study concludes that parental socioeconomic factors are key determinants of academic success in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Based on the findings, it is recommended that government and school authorities implement programs that provide financial, educational, and social support for students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds to improve equity in academic performance.

VIRTUAL STORAGE AND INFORMATION MANAGER JOB PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Akpelu Franklin Ekwueme, Agbo Joy Miebaka — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the relationship between virtual storage and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the dimensions of virtual storage, such as Cloud storage and in-house virtualization, and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery. The study was strengthened using Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and fifty-one (151) Heads of Departments (Information Managers) at the Port Harcourt head offices of twenty-three (23) Commercial Banks operating in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the census sampling method, which involved engaging the entire population of one hundred and fifty-one (151) information managers without sampling. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. One hundred and fifty-one (151) copies of the questionnaire were administered and 132 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The result of the analyses showed that: there is a strong positive relationship between Cloud storage and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery; there is a strong positive relationship between in-house virtualization and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery. The study concluded that virtual storage systems are not just supportive tools but strategic enablers of efficiency, reliability, and customer-centered performance in the modern banking sector. Thus, the study recommended amongst others that commercial banks in Rivers State should adopt secure and scalable cloud storage infrastructures that enable real-time data synchronization, allowing information managers to access, update, and retrieve accurate customer information swiftly, thereby improving decision-making and responsiveness to customer needs.

CHANGE IN INVESTMENTS ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED NIGERIA MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert (Ph.D) — Mon, 16 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This seminar paper examined the relationship between changes in investment activities and financial performance of quoted Nigerian manufacturing companies. The study specifically investigated how the purchase and sale of long-term assets and investments in financial securities influenced the net profit margin of these firms. Guided by a positivist research philosophy, the study adopted an ex post facto research design, utilizing secondary data from published annual reports and financial statements of five selected firms representing five key manufacturing sectors over the period 2020 to 2024. The firms included Dangote Cement Plc, BUA Cement Plc, Nestlé Nigeria Plc, Nigerian Breweries Plc, and PZ Cussons Plc. Data were analyzed using multiple regression techniques, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and diagnostic tests to ensure robustness, while shareholders’ equity was considered as a moderating factor. Findings revealed that changes in the purchase and sale of long-term assets significantly enhanced profitability, and investments in financial securities also positively influenced net profit margins. Based on these findings, the study recommended that managers prioritize strategic acquisition of productive assets, complement these investments with prudent financial securities, maintain strong equity positions, and continuously monitor investment decisions to improve operational efficiency and sustainable financial performance.

MENTORING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

EYIDIA, Thankgod Dimkpa, NWOKA, Jude (Prof.) — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between mentoring and organizational performance measured by effectiveness and efficiency in government ministries in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Human Capital Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV), the study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The target population comprised 2,764 senior civil servants (Grade Level 08 and above) across 26 government ministries in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane's formula, a sample of 316 usable respondents was obtained. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. Results revealed that mentoring had a strong positive and statistically significant relationship with effectiveness (r = 0.696, p = 0.000) and a very strong positive relationship with efficiency (r = 0.779, p = 0.000). Both null hypotheses were rejected at p < 0.05. The study concluded that structured mentoring programs are critical drivers of organizational effectiveness and efficiency in public sector ministries. It recommended the institutionalization of formal mentoring schemes, integration of mentoring into performance management systems, and capacity building for mentors within government ministries.

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN DIGITALLY ENABLED OFFICES: EVALUATING ADMINISTRATIVE PRODUCTIVITY IN RIVERS STATE GOVERNMENT MDAS

Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The digital transformation of administrative processes has become an indispensable priority for enhancing efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness in public institutions. This study empirically examined the relationship between digital office administration dimensioned through records automation and digital filing systems, and information management success, measured through information accessibility and data security, in selected government ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Adopting a correlational survey design, data were collected from 112 administrative and ICT personnel using a structured questionnaire. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to test four hypotheses. Results revealed significant and positive relationships between records automation and both information accessibility (r = 0.652) and data security (r = 0.590). Similarly, digital filing systems were significantly correlated with information accessibility (r = 0.670) and data security (r = 0.703). These findings underscore the pivotal role of digital systems in improving the management of institutional information. The study concludes that strategic investment in digital office technologies and personnel training are essential steps toward securing administrative data and enhancing service delivery. Implications for administrative modernization, digital policy enforcement, and institutional capacity building are discussed.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADOPTION AND HIRING EFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Dr. Victor Barinua — Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the impact of Artificial Intelligence Adoption (AI) and Hiring Efficiency of commercial banks in Rivers state in commercial banks, Nigeria. This study adopts a correlational survey research design to examine the relationships between the use of Artificial Intelligence Adoption (specifically resume screening AI and chatbots/virtual assistants) and Hiring Efficiency outcomes Quality-of-Hire Efficiency and Retention Rate Efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. The population consists of all Human Resource (HR) management personnel in commercial banks operating within Rivers State. Specifically, it includes one recruitment officer, HR manager and her assistant. According to industry reports, there are approximately 23 commercial banks with an estimated total of 69 human resource management personnel. Utilizing a quantitative correlational research design, data were collected from 60 respondents across selected banks and analyzed using Pearson correlation. Findings revealed a statistically significant and moderately strong positive relationship between Resume Screening AI and Retention Rate Efficiency (r = 0.607,
p < 0.01). Furthermore, Chatbots/Virtual Assistants AI showed a strong positive correlation with both Quality-of-Hire Efficiency (r = 0.812, p < 0.01) and Retention Rate Efficiency (r = 0.727, p <0.01). These results indicate that AI technologies are becoming critical tools in enhancing HR functions and operational efficiency in the banking sector. The study concludes that Artificial Intelligence Adoption applications, particularly Resume Screening tools and Chatbots/Virtual Assistants, have a significant and positive impact on HR efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. The study recommended among others that Commercial banks should invest in and
implement AI-driven resume screening systems to enhance the efficiency and objectivity of the recruitment process, thereby improving employee retention outcomes.

PROCUREMENT BENCH MARKETING AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MARITIME COMPANIES IN PORT HARCOURT.

Amadi, Gift N;, Igani , D.C (Ph.D) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between Procurement Benchmarketing and Supply Chain Performance of Maritime Companies in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the study investigated the relationships between peer comparison, process standardization, and supply chain performance. Anchored on the Resource-Based View. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of this study comprised of 20 maritime companies in Rivers State. The sample size of the study is 20. To generate data for the study, a total of one hundred (100) managers were selected on the basis of five managers per firm were used as the study subjects. The hypothesis were analyzed with the use of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation was supplemented with aid of SPSS version 21.0 The results revealed that procurement benchmarketing strongly related with supply chain performance, peer comparison significantly relate with risk integration, similarly, process The study concluded that procurement benchmarketing is a vital strategic enabler for strengthening maritime logistics systems and ensuring sustained competitive advantage in Port Harcourt it recommended that maritime companies institutionalize peer comparison systems, adopt holistic cost evaluation techniques and implement standardized procurement processes to strengthen supply chain performance.

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAXES AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Dr. Promise Eke, Tasie, Jonathan Chinumezi — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between federal government taxes and infrastructural development in Nigeria. The study employed ex-post facto research design. The population of this study was the entire Nigerian economy where the elements of the data used for this research were extracted. Using judgmental sampling technique, a sample of 33 years’ period were used. However, relevant data for the study were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins and Federal Inland Revenue Services Bulletins. Regression analysis technique was used to measure the effects of the predictor variables on the criterion variables. The regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between health infrastructure (HI) and petroleum profit tax (PPT), company income tax (CIT), and value added tax (VAT). The results also showed that the independent variables (PPT, CIT, and VAT) did not significantly explain the variation in Transport Infrastructure. The results also showed that PPT is a statistically significant and positive predictor of PI, while VAT may have a marginally significant negative effect. The results finally suggest that government policy significantly influences federal taxes and ID, explaining a significant portion of the variance. The investigator thus concluded that there is a significant relationship between federal government taxes and infrastructural development in Nigeria. Consequently, the researcher suggested that policymakers and authorities should allocate a portion of PPT revenue towards health infrastructure projects, enhancing healthcare facilities, equipment, and services, ultimately enhancing population well-being. Further research should explore additional factors like public funding, private investments, regional demographics, and policy measures to better understand the impact of transport infrastructure development. Policymakers should create incentives for petroleum industry companies to invest in power infrastructure projects, as PPT is a significant predictor of PI, improving regional power supply and distribution. Government policymakers should consider the impact of federal taxes and infrastructural development on economic development, as targeted policies can promote growth, increase revenue, and stimulate infrastructure.

STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN THE 21TS CENTURY: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN ORGANISATIONAL VISION AND WORKFORCE REALITY

Victoria Barinua — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Human resource planning (HRP) has evolved from a largely administrative function into a strategic imperative central to organisational survival and competitive advantage. This opinion paper argues that contemporary organisations must adopt an integrated, forward-looking approach to HRP—one that aligns workforce capacity with long-term business strategy, embraces digital transformation, and proactively addresses workforce diversity and inclusion. Drawing on existing literature and current HR trends, this paper contends that organisations that neglect systematic workforce planning face significant talent deficits, productivity losses, and strategic misalignment. The paper further advocates for the recalibration of HRP frameworks to account for disruptive technologies, remote work paradigms, and the evolving expectations of a multigenerational workforce. Organisations that invest in data-driven, agile, and people-centred workforce planning will be better positioned to navigate uncertainty and achieve sustained performance outcomes.

RE-DISCUSSING THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF AUTOMOBILE PRODUTS IN NIGERIA

OFILI Peter — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study re-discussed information communication technology and marketing of auto mobile product in Nigeria. The sampling object used for this research comprises of the dealers of automobile products and gadgets in Onitsha, Anambra State. This study was done in respect of measures of information communication technology; mobile application, artificial intelligence, and internet (independent variables), on marketing performance (dependent variable) and responses from the respondents were collected with the aid of five (5) point likert scale questionnaire. This study adopted descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study because the researcher collected primary data from respondents using questionnaire to collect primary data. The questionnaire was coded with the aid of excel spread sheet, the respondents profile was analyzed with manual simple percentage, the research questions was analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics which comprises of the minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation. The hypotheses of the study were tested using the multiple regression statistical tools with the aid of SPSS version 24.0 as the basis of testing hypotheses. The findings revealed that there is significant effect between information communication technology; mobile application, artificial intelligence, and internet and marketing of automobile products in Nigeria. The study recommended that firms could devise ways and means to deploy and sustainably apply artificial intelligence systems, which can improve the operations and processes of their firms. The use of these systems and programs improves operational efficiency and quality of service delivery, which has a positive impact on the overall performance of the company.

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPETENCY COMPONENTS ADOPTION AND GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

CHUX-NYECHE, Gloria Chinyere, EZE, Obinna Chukwu — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between administrative competency components adoption and growth of commercial banks in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to ascertain how dimensions of administrative competency such as analytical competency, interpersonal competency, and technical competency interact with measures of growth such as operational expansion, financial expansion, and service quality. The explanatory cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of 28 commercial banks operating in Rivers State in Port Harcourt. The census method was adopted. A total of 168 managerial respondents selected across the commercial banks were engaged. A total of 168 copies of the questionnaire were administered after establishing the reliability of the instrument using Cronbach Alpha and validation by the supervisor and two other experts in Office and Information Management. However, 125 copies representing 74% of the total copies administered. Mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis, while the bivariate analysis was done using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. The findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between administrative competency and the growth of commercial banks in Rivers State. It was also found that organizational resources significantly moderate the relationship between administrative competency components and growth of commercial banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that administrative competency components adoption enhances the growth of commercial banks in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that the management of commercial banks should invest in continuous learning and development programs to equip managers with the latest industry knowledge for organisational growth.

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ON EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN BUSINESS SUBJECTS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Muhammad Shamsuddeen Bello, Muhammed Modibbo Buba (PhD) , Aminu Usman — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the influence of social networks on examination malpractice in business subjects in senior secondary schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was motivated by the persistent incidence of examination malpractice in external examinations such as the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WAEC) and the National Examination Council (NECO). The study had two objectives, two research questions, and two null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised secondary school leavers newly admitted into tertiary institutions in Adamawa State, specifically 100-level students of Modibbo Adama University, Yola; NCE I students of Federal College of Education, Yola; and ND I students of Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. A sample size of 204 respondents was selected using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. A structured 30-item questionnaire titled Influence of Social Networks on Examination Malpractices Questionnaire (ISNEMQ), was used for data collection. The instrument yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.81 (Cronbach's Alpha). Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that both Facebook (Grand Mean = 2.84) and WhatsApp (Grand Mean = 2.92) had strong influences on examination malpractice when considered independently. Regression analysis showed that both platforms had statistically significant influences (Facebook: F(1,202)=6.25, p<0.05; WhatsApp: F(1,202)=28.86, p<0.05). The study concluded that WhatsApp is a more potent facilitator of examination malpractice than Facebook. Recommendations include strict regulation of mobile phones during external examinations, intensified sensitization programmes for students, and responsible use of social media.

WORKPLACE BULLYING AND OFFICE MANAGER'S JOB PRODUCTIVITY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT METROPILIS.

Omoku Chukuladi Samade, Iyerechin Angela Tamunomiete, Nwokeji Echezona — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between workplace bullying and office manager's job productivity of manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between workplace bullying like verbal bullying, psychological bullying and work-related bullying and office manager's job productivity. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design with a population of 100 Office Managers from selected manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The entire population was used for this study hence a census study was adopted. Out of 100 copies of the questionnaire, a total of 90 copies were retrieved. The findings revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between workplace bullying and office manager's job productivity of manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. The study concluded that addressing workplace bullying is crucial for improving overall work performance and creating a positive work environment in manufacturing firms. The researchers therefore recommends that organizations should provide training and education on recognizing and addressing workplace bullying for both employees and managers.

GOVERNANCE AND POLICY REFORMS: PARTICIPATORY AND TRANSPARENT APPROACHES IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Ebi Flora Okenema — Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The evolving dynamics of education in the digital age call for governance structures and policy reforms that prioritize inclusivity, accountability, and transparency. Traditional top-down approaches to educational management are increasingly inadequate in addressing the complex challenges of accessibility, equity, and quality. This chapter examines participatory and transparent approaches to governance and policy reforms in educational management, highlighting how collaborative decision-making, stakeholder engagement, and digital governance tools can foster trust, efficiency, and sustainability in educational systems. It explores best practices such as open-data policies, digital platforms for stakeholder consultation, and community-based monitoring mechanisms that enhance accountability and responsiveness. In addition, the chapter discusses the role of participatory governance in bridging gaps between policymakers, educators, learners, and communities, ensuring that reforms are context-sensitive and impactful. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between transparency and innovation in educational leadership, with a critical analysis of challenges such as bureaucratic resistance, digital divides, and issues of equity. By synthesizing global perspectives and policy innovations, the chapter argues that participatory and transparent governance approaches are central to achieving transformative and sustainable educational reform in the digital era.

Lemon and Lime Peel Organic Media for Metal Removal from Crude Oil

Eminemi Mirinn, Andrew P. Abbott,, Anthony Soroh, Bridget Konyefa — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Crude oil contains trace metal species that hinders performance during refining, poison catalysts, and results to environmental contamination. Conventional metal-removal processes, such as hydrotreating and solvent extraction, are energy-intensive and costly.
In this study, organic wastes such as lemon and lime peel were evaluated as alternative media for extracting metal-containing complexes from crude oil. Model experiments using copper, iron, and nickel phthalocyanines dissolved in toluene showed that all
complexes were transferred intact into the adsorbent. Hydroxylated species and free ions coupled with the pH of the adsorbent were suspected as the major factors responsible for extraction. Across the formulations tested, more acidic organic waste systems consistently delivered higher extraction efficiencies. The methodology was then applied to a Nigerian crude oil sample to assess performance under realistic conditions.
Organic waste effectively extracted metalloporphyrin and other metal species while maintaining good phase separation. A simple filtration-based workflow enabled recovery of the organic waste with minimal energy input, demonstrating the potential for operationally straightforward and metal-removal processes. Overall, this work establishes lemon and lime peel as efficient, mechanistically understood, and potentially low-energy media for the extraction of metal species from crude oil, offering a promising basis for next-generation upgrading technologies

EFFECT OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVIST LEARNING STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN BUSINESS STUDIES’ SIMULATION OF OFFICE ACTIVITIES IN TAI SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS

THOMAS Bariere, PhD , KAYII NumbaraBari Emmanuel, PhD — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of the Social Constructivist Learning Strategy on students' interest in the simulation of office activities in Business Studies in selected secondary schools in Tai Local Government Area, Rivers State. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design was adopted. The population comprised 712 Junior Secondary School students offering Business Studies in the thirteen public secondary schools in Tai Local Government Area. A sample of 256 students was selected using the Taro Yamane formula and a multi-stage sampling procedure. Four public secondary schools were selected, with two assigned to the experimental group and two to the control group. The instrument for data collection was the Students' Interest Questionnaire (SIQ), developed by the researchers and validated by experts in Business Education and Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded a coefficient of 0.87. The experimental group was taught office-activity simulation using the Social Constructivist Learning Strategy, while the control group was taught using the conventional method. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that students taught using the Social Constructivist Learning Strategy recorded a higher post-test mean interest score than those taught using the conventional method. The ANCOVA results showed a significant difference in the interest scores of students exposed to the Social Constructivist Learning Strategy and those taught using the conventional method. It was recommended among others that Business Studies teachers should adopt the social constructivist learning strategy in teaching office-activity simulation and that educational authorities should organize professional development programmes to equip teachers with social-constructivist instructional skills.

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the role of Public Policy in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria. This study research design employed narrative analysis and to some extent, meta-analysis of secondary data acquired from some specific literary works and government publications. Findings revealed the existence of several Public Policies that is supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) economic related activities in Nigeria namely NAPEP, NEEDS, CCT, N-Power and GEEP between the periods 2001 to 2023, that UBE Policy, NHIS Policy, National Youth Policy, National Housing Policy and Home Grown School Feeding Programme (HGSFP) policy are existing Public Policies supporting SDGs social related activities in Nigeria, that there are existing Public Policies supporting Sustainable Development Goals environmental related activities in Nigeria namely National Forestry Policy, Renewable Energy Policy, Wash Policy, Net Zero Carbon Policy and National clean cooking policy and recommend on five public policy tools that can support Sustainable Development Goals action plan in Nigeria namely Policy Implementation, Institutional Frameworks for Development, Public Awareness and Participation, Multisectoral Collaboration and Monitoring & Evaluation of Development Goals. This study recommends the need to sustain the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP), a Medium Term Plan for 2017 – 2020 developed to eliminate the bottlenecks that impede innovation and market-based solutions by leveraging Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) and building a knowledge-based economy that is consistent with the aspirations of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) given that the initiatives address its three dimensions of economic, social and environmental sustainability issues.

ADMINISTRATIVE STRATEGIC PLANNING, INSTITUTIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS AND RESPONSIVENESS IN TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: THE DIGITAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS NEXUS

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, PhD, AMADI, Dike Vincent, PhD — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between administrative strategic planning, institutional regulatory frameworks and responsiveness in Tertiary Educational Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria, with digital information systems serving as the mediating variable. The study was anchored on the Resource-Based View Theory and the Dynamic Capabilities Theory. Two null hypotheses were formulated and tested. A correlational survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 137 senior administrative officers drawn from five Tertiary Educational Institutions in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane’s (1967) formula, a sample size of 105 respondents was determined and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire validated by three experts with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84. Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used for hypothesis testing at the 0.05 level of significance with the aid of SPSS version 25.0. Findings revealed that environmental scanning significantly and positively relates to both institutional adaptability and stakeholder engagement efficiency. Furthermore, strategy implementation significantly and positively relates to institutional adaptability and stakeholder engagement efficiency. The study concluded that administrative strategic planning, when mediated by robust digital information systems, significantly enhances organizational responsiveness in Tertiary Educational Institutions in Rivers State. It was recommended, among other things, that Tertiary Educational Institutions should integrate digital information systems into their strategic planning frameworks to improve real-time environmental scanning and responsive strategy execution.

REIMAGINING NIGERIAN ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY: A SYNTHESIS OF 21ST-CENTURY ICONIC DESIGN AND INDIGENOUS BUILDING TRADITIONS

Esimike, Uche, Ekhoegbe, Michelle — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the critical synthesis of contemporary iconic architecture and Nigeria's rich indigenous building traditions as a strategy for forging a distinct 21st-century architectural identity. Against the backdrop of accelerating globalization, Nigerian cities increasingly reflect foreign design paradigms at the expense of vernacular knowledge systems, raising urgent questions about cultural sustainability, ecological wisdom, and spatial authenticity. Drawing on Critical Regionalism (Frampton, 2018), Decolonial Theory (Malaquais, 2020), and Sustainable Vernacularism (Oliver, 2006), this study employs a qualitative, exploratory research design informed by comparative case analysis, documentary evidence, and architectural criticism. Canonical global cases—including the Burj Khalifa, the CCTV Headquarters, and the African Renaissance Monument—are examined alongside Nigerian exemplars such as NLÉ's Makoko Floating School and Demas Nwoko's Dominican Chapel. The analysis reveals that architectural iconicity derives from deep cultural coding, technological syncretism, and narrative authenticity rather than from formal novelty alone. Findings demonstrate that Nigeria's diverse vernacular systems—Hausa passive cooling, Yoruba courtyard typologies, and Igbo spatial logic—constitute a rich design reservoir capable of underpinning globally relevant contemporary architecture. The study concludes that a deliberate, respectful blending of modern design language with indigenous knowledge offers the most viable pathway for Nigerian architecture to achieve both global recognition and enduring cultural rootedness, thereby transforming the built environment into a resilient expression of cultural pride and innovation.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING REIMAGINED: THE GEN Z REVOLUTION

Victor C. Anucha, Francisca E. Nwawume — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the impact of Gen Z on entrepreneurial marketing, examining how their unique values, behaviors, and preferences are redefining marketing strategies. Investigate Gen Z's influence on entrepreneurial marketing practices. Identify key marketing strategies that resonate with Gen Z entrepreneurs. Examine the role of digital technologies in shaping Gen Z's entrepreneurial marketing approaches. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys, interviews, and social media analysis to gather insights from Gen Z entrepreneurs and marketing professionals. The study reveals that Gen Z entrepreneurs prioritize authenticity, sustainability, and social responsibility in their marketing strategies, leveraging digital technologies to create engaging, interactive experiences. This research contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial marketing, providing new insights into Gen Z's impact on marketing practices and highlighting opportunities for innovation and growth. The findings have significant implications for businesses seeking to connect with Gen Z entrepreneurs and consumers, emphasizing the need for authentic, socially responsible, and digitally savvy marketing strategies. Develop marketing strategies that prioritize authenticity, sustainability, and social responsibility. Leverage digital technologies to create engaging, interactive experiences that resonate with Gen Z. Foster a culture of innovation and experimentation in entrepreneurial marketing practices

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN ECONOMICS UNDER FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT WITH FEEDBACK IN JOS – SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF PLATEAU STATE

Christopher P. Eze, Prof. Georginia C. Imo, Dr. Augustine S. Azi — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Gender-related differences in students’ interest and engagement in Economics have remained a persistent concern within secondary school education, particularly in contexts where instructional practices are predominantly teacher-centred and examination-driven. This study examined whether formative assessment with feedback (FAF) differentially influences male and female secondary school students’ interest in Economics. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was employed, focusing on an experimental group exposed to FAF over a twelve-week instructional period. The sample comprised 47 Senior Secondary School II (SS II) students (28 males and 19 females) drawn from a co-educational secondary school in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Data were collected using the Economics Interest Scale (EIS), a validated 20-item Likert-type instrument, and analysed using mean, standard deviation, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at the 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed substantial gains in interest for both male and female students following exposure to formative assessment with feedback. Although male students recorded marginally higher posttest interest mean scores, the observed difference was not statistically significant (F(1,51) =56.181, p > 0.05, η² = 0.524). The findings indicate that formative assessment with feedback is gender-neutral in its effectiveness and supports equitable interest development in Economics education. The study concludes that feedback-oriented formative assessment practices can mitigate perceived gender disparities in Economics classrooms and recommends their systematic integration into secondary school instructional practices.

ATTITUDE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS TOWARDS SOCIAL STUDIES PROGRAMME IN EASTERN PARTS OF NIGERIA

Ukeme Sunday Akpan , Atim Christopher Etor — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Attitude remains a critical factor in promoting meaningful acceptance and education of children with special needs in Nigerian. It is in the light of this that this study investigated into the attitude of educational administrators who are involved in the implementation of Social Studies programme in Eastern parts of Nigeria. A survey research design was used for the study. Available sample of 86 educational administrators participated in this study. A validated instrument title “Administrators Attitude Scale (AAS)”s with reliability coefficient of r=0.08 was used to collect the data. The results show that the educational administrators had a positive attitude towards Social Studies programme in Eastern parts of Nigeria. Secondly, gender of the administrators did not have a significant difference on their attitude towards Social Studies programme. Despite the results, recommendations were made to improved and sustain the attitude of educational administrators towards Social Studies in Eastern parts of Nigeria. These include the need for regular workshops and conferences on special needs education for these administrators, paying of special allowances as an incentive to encourage the officers who visit schools/centers for special needs children regularly. This would help them to monitor the progress and problems facing the education of the Special needs Children.

UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS PERCEPTION ON THE PROBLEMS INHIBITING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Samuel O. Nwafor (Professor), Stella Ofor-Douglas, Ph.D — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated problems inhibiting human resource management in administration of
Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. One research question and a corresponding hypothesis guided
the study. The population consisted of two universities, eleven principal officers and 201
administrative officers (six principal officers and 145 administrative officers from the University of
Port Harcourt (Uniport) and five principal officers and 56 administrative officers from Rivers State
University of Science and Technology (RSUST) totalling 212 participants). A sample of 200
participants (II principal officers and 189 administrative officers) were selected through stratified
random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire
containing nine items validated and with reliability index of 0.85. The data collected from 190
respondents (10 principal officers and 180 administrative officers) were decoded into statistical
package for social science (SPSS) version, 2.0. The research question was answered with
percentages while the t-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 significance level. The
findings revealed among others that inadequate staff and lack of facilities to work with are the main
problems inhibiting management of human resource in the universities in Rivers State. It was
concluded that inadequacies in the universities’ needs are the commonest problems inhibiting
effective management of human resource in the administration of Universities in Rivers State. Based
on the findings and conclusion of this study, it was recommended that Government should live up
to its expectations in provision of staff and facilities to end the present problems in the management
of human resource in the Universities in Rivers State.

E-OPINION AND DINING DECISIONS: A STUDY OF ONLINE REVIEW IMPACT ON FOOD AND BEVERAGE ESTABLISHMENT IN P.H METROPOLIS

Dr. Miyene Charles Tom — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A descriptive and correlational research design is adopted for this study, aimed at investigating the impact of online reviews on food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt. The population comprises of 2,500 registered food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt, obtained from the Port Harcourt Chamber of Commerce and the Rivers State Ministry of Commerce and Industry. These establishments include restaurants, cafes, bars, and other food service providers. A sample size of 385 is determined using the Yamane (1967) formula. An impressive response rate of 96% representing 368 usable copies of questionnaire was obtained and formed the bases for analysis. A stratified random sampling technique is employed to select respondents from different categories of food and beverage establishments, ensuring representation from various sectors of the industry. Validity is ensured through expert review and pilot testing of the questionnaire. The data instruments were validated using Cronbach alpha’s test, whereupon all variables surpassed the benchmark 0.7, indicating high internal consistency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics (regression analysis and ANOVA). The questionnaire were administered to managers of food and beverage establishments. The results of test of hypotheses show that online review has a significant impact on the surveyed F&B Establishment performance. Thus, the study concluded online reviews significantly impact food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt, influencing their visibility, brand reputation, and competitive advantage and recommends that F&B establishments should prioritize online review management, responding promptly to reviews and encouraging satisfied customers to share their experiences.

RURAL LAND USE ON AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN IKWERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

Didia Michael Uzodianya — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract Rural land use plays a critical role in shaping agricultural productivity, environmental sustainability, and community livelihoods. In Ikwere Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, rapid urbanization and land-use changes have raised concerns about their effects on agriculture. This study examines the impact of rural land use on agricultural activities in Ikwere LGA between 2010 and 2023, focusing on the patterns of land use and their socio-economic drivers. The study employed satellite imagery processed using ArcGIS software, which classified the region into five land cover types: natural vegetation, agricultural land, built-up areas, bare land, and water bodies. The Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) algorithm was used to track land use changes over the years. Additionally, a survey of 389 residents provided insights into the socio-economic factors influencing land use decisions. Findings revealed significant shifts in land use between 2010 and 2023, primarily driven by urbanization. In 2010, Ikwere LGA was largely covered by dense vegetation (597.7 km²), with built-up areas occupying only 47.2 km². However, by 2023, built-up areas had expanded to 80.5 km², while dense vegetation drastically declined to 418.4 km². The increase in bare soil from 94.1 km² in 2020 to 110.7 km² in 2023 suggests growing land degradation, potentially leading to soil erosion and biodiversity loss. Urbanization, spurred by population growth, industrialization, and rising land demand for housing and infrastructure, was identified as the primary factor behind these changes. Economic development, coupled with rising land prices and government policies that prioritize urban expansion over agriculture, further reduced the availability of agricultural land. Cultural practices, such as land inheritance and communal ownership, also influenced land use decisions. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable land use planning in Ikwere LGA to mitigate the adverse effects of urban expansion on agricultural productivity and environmental health. Without intervention, continued deforestation and land degradation could undermine food security and the livelihoods of rural communities. In conclusion, this research highlights the critical link between rural land use and agricultural sustainability, urging policymakers to balance urban development with the preservation of agricultural and natural landscapes.

INCENTIVE AND INTERPERSONAL RELATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determines the relationship between incentive and interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between incentive and interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes incentive to enhance the ability of interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF SUPER MARKETS IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Ben Nwekeala, Ph.D — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper empirically examined service quality delivery and marketing performance of supermarkets in Port Harcourt. The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent service quality delivery enhance marketing performance of supermarkets in Port Harcourt in order to meet customer needs and wants at profit. The paper adopts the documentary and survey methods. The statistical tool adopted for this paper is the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient with the aid of statistical package for social sciences. The findings of the study show that service quality delivery is strongly related to marketing performance of supermarkets The paper recommends among others that supermarket operators: to embrace modern marketing concept activities; customer relation/services should be stepped up to measure up to those offered by competitors; and that regular publicity and adverts should be organized to promote the image of supermarkets.

AN EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ENSEMBLE FRAMEWORK FOR ROBUST CARCINOMA IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

Ja'afar Muhammad Bello, Dr. M S Argungu , Dr. H U Suru — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study proposes an explainable ensemble deep learning framework for carcinoma image classification using five pretrained convolutional neural network architectures: ResNet50, DenseNet201, MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB0, and Xception. The models were fine-tuned using the HAM10000 dermoscopic image dataset and integrated through a soft voting ensemble strategy to enhance classification robustness. An additional 'Unknown' class was introduced to allow the system handle non‑skin or irrelevant images in real-world deployment. Experimental evaluation shows that the best performing model (Xception) achieved 89% accuracy, 88% precision, 86% recall, and 87% F1‑score. To improve interpretability, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques including Grad‑CAM, SHAP, LIME, Saliency Maps, and Integrated Gradients were applied to highlight regions influencing model predictions. The results demonstrate that integrating ensemble learning with explainable AI improves diagnostic transparency and reliability, making the approach suitable for clinical decision-support systems.

EFFECT OF DIGITAL LEARNING TOOLS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), OMOKU

Uzoma Onita — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of digital learning tools on the academic performance of Business Education students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were used to address the specific objectives. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of the study comprised 575 Business Education undergraduate students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, from which a sample size of 236 was developed using Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Digital Learning Tools and Academic Performance Questionnaire (DLTAPQ). The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha method. 212 copies of the instruments were filled out and returned correctly. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Findings revealed that virtual classrooms have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance of Business Education students. Educational software was also found to have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance. The study concludes that digital learning tools play a crucial role in enhancing teaching and learning of Business Education. It was recommended among others that institutional management provide adequate digital infrastructure to improve students’ academic performance.

CHATBOTS AND VIRTUAL ASSISTANCE AS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVES AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY: EVIDENCE FROM CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

JUMBO, Asai, OZURU, Henry N. (Prof.) — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between chatbots and virtual assistance (CVA), as an Artificial Intelligence (AI) initiative, and employee productivity measured by efficiency and team dynamics in construction firms in South-South Nigeria. Premised on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Social Exchange Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. A structured questionnaire was administered to 152 valid respondents drawn from 18 purposively selected building, engineering, and road construction firms across the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Data were analysed using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. Results revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between chatbots and virtual assistance and efficiency (r = 0.674, p < 0.05) and between chatbots and virtual assistance and team dynamics (r = 0.732, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected. The findings suggest that conversational AI tools substantially enhance operational efficiency and strengthen collaborative dynamics among construction employees. The study recommends the strategic deployment of chatbot and virtual assistant technologies customised to construction-specific workflows, complemented by structured digital literacy programmes and clear AI governance policies.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT NEEDS OF ADULT EDUCATORS IN THE FIFTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

Dr. Benjamin, C. Echezu, Dr. Ebinabobo Fyne Mbadiwe-Woko — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The fifth industrial revolution (5IR) is gradually transforming the mode and process of adult education; therefore, adult educators are required to upskill necessary capacities and competencies to remain very relevant in this era. This study was conducted to investigate the professional development needs of adult educators in the fifth industrial revolution in Rivers state through a mixed-method approach, A survey was conducted on eighty (80) adult educators in the formal and non-formal sectors and in-depth interviews carried out on 6 key informants. The results revealed the existing gaps among adult educators. The study also, disclosed the need to integrate evolving technological trends to facilitate adult learning process. Based on this reason, this study highlighted the needs for collaboration, critical thinking and emotional intelligence to facilitate knowledge and skills that support the process of navigating the complexities in the pedagogical process. Finally, inference was drawn based on the findings of the study and recommendations made for the improvement of adult educator professional skills.

REMOTE SENSING AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOGRAPHY IN NIGERIA: RELEVANCE, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Clarke Tarelayefa , Numoipre Inainfe — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relevance, challenges, and prospects of remote sensing in environmental geography in Nigeria. Remote sensing has become an important tool for observing and analyzing environmental conditions without direct contact, while environmental geography provides a framework for understanding the interaction between human activities and the physical environment. The study reveals the usefulness of remote sensing in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, agriculture, and climate change studies across different parts of Nigeria, it also reveals challenges affecting its effective use, including high cost of technology, shortage of skilled personnel, poor data accessibility, inadequate funding, weak institutional coordination, and infrastructure limitations such as unreliable power supply and internet access. the study observes positive prospects such as technological advancement, increasing availability of satellite data, growing interest from government and private sector actors, expansion of training opportunities, and integration with Geographic Information Systems and artificial intelligence. The study concludes that remote sensing is highly valuable for environmental management in Nigeria and recommends increased funding, improved training, better data access policies, and stronger collaboration among stakeholders to enhance its effective application for sustainable development.

DIGITAL LITERACY AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES OF ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye, PhD , OMUNAKWE, Priscilla Obunwo, PhD — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated digital literacy and information management competencies of administrative personnel in public universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) propounded by Davis (1989) and the Information Literacy Theory articulated by Zurkowski (1974). Two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population comprised 1,247 administrative staff drawn from the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State University, and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. A sample of 303 respondents was selected using Taro Yamane's (1967) formula and stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled the “Digital Literacy and Information Management Competencies Questionnaire (DLIMCQ),” which was validated by three experts and yielded a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87. Data were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and simple linear regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that digital literacy competencies significantly predicted records management efficiency (R = .612, p < .05) and knowledge organisation performance (R = .581, p < .05) of administrative personnel in the studied institutions. The study concluded that digital literacy is a critical determinant of information management performance among administrative personnel in Nigerian public universities. It was recommended that university administrations should invest in periodic digital literacy training programmes and establish functional digital information management systems to enhance administrative productivity.

COMPETITIVE AGGRESSIVENESS AND VENTURE EXPANSION OF TELECOMMUNICATION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Iheanyichukwu Godwin Amakor, Omunakwe Allwell Oriji, Foundation Amadi — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between competitive aggressiveness and venture expansion of telecommunication firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Competitive aggressiveness was conceptualised through two dimensions: competitive action intensity and competitive threat responsiveness, while venture expansion was measured using subscriber growth rate and service portfolio growth. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising four major telecommunications operators (MTN, Airtel, Globacom, and 9mobile). Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 92 top and middle management staff involved in strategic and competitive decision-making. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between competitive action intensity and subscriber growth rate (r = .691, p < .01), and between competitive threat responsiveness and service portfolio growth (r = .678, p < .01). The study concludes that competitive aggressiveness is a critical driver of venture expansion in the telecommunications sector. It is recommended that firms enhance competitive action intensity through frequent and bold market initiatives to increase subscriber growth, while improving competitive threat responsiveness by closely monitoring competitors and responding promptly to new market developments to expand service portfolios.

ATTITUDE OF BIOLOGY TEACHERS TOWARD IMPROVISATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ETCHE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Martha Ijok Adibe Njoku (PhD), Josephine Ese Konyeme (PhD) — Sun, 10 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the attitude of Biology teachers toward improvisation of instructional materials in secondary schools in Etche Local Government Area. Four research questions guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was the entire 25 Biology teachers from 22 public schools in Etche Local Government Area. Due to manageable size of the group, census (total was adopted at the sample size (25). The instrument for data collection was questionnaire titled Attitude of Biology Teachers toward Improvisation of Instructional Materials Questionnaire (ABTTIIMQ). Reliability co-efficient of 0.74 was obtained using Cronbach’s Alpha. Research questions were answered with mean and standard deviation. The findings showed that Biology teachers have negative attitude towards improvisation of instructional materials, they do not utilize improvised instructional materials, and it was also revealed that there are numerous benefits of using improvised instructional material in teaching and learning Biology, the findings also showed that there are problems faced by Biology teachers toward improvisation of instructional materials in teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that teachers should develop the right attitude toward the improvisation of instructional materials and not overlook its importance in Biology teaching and learning process.

SECURITY MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS, 1999–2023

HAR Joseph Terwase PSP, Prof Prince Obinna Ikechi, Sam Emeka Nwankwo — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of security management and business process re-engineering on economic development in Nigeria using time-series data covering the period 1999 to 2023. The persistent challenges of insecurity and operational inefficiencies in Nigeria have raised concerns about their implications for sustainable economic growth, necessitating empirical investigation. The study adopted a quantitative research design and employed secondary data sourced from the World Bank, National Bureau of Statistics, and Central Bank of Nigeria. Economic development was measured using GDP growth rate and per capita GDP, while security management was proxied by a composite security management index and business process re-engineering by efficiency and productivity indicators. Inflation rate, foreign direct investment, and government expenditure were included as control variables. Data analysis was conducted using E-Views, applying unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, and error correction mechanism. The unit root results revealed a mixture of I(0) and I(1) variables, justifying the use of the ARDL approach. The cointegration test confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The long-run results indicated that security management and business process re-engineering exert positive and statistically significant effects on economic development, while inflation had a negative effect. Foreign direct investment and government expenditure were found to positively influence economic growth. The error correction term was negative and significant, indicating a strong adjustment mechanism toward long-run equilibrium. In the short run, improvements in security management and business process efficiency also positively affected economic growth. The study concludes that effective security management and efficient business process re-engineering are critical drivers of economic development in Nigeria. It recommends integrated policy interventions that strengthen security institutions, promote organizational efficiency, and ensure macroeconomic stability to achieve sustainable economic growth.

HOUSEHOLD WATER INSECURITY AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN FLOOD-PRONE

Tarelayefa Clarke — Tue, 26 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

INFLUENCE OF MEDIA COVERAGE OF 2023 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION

Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of media coverage of 2023 presidential election in shaping public opinion. The study focused on residents of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study was guided by Vale’s Persuasion Theory and the research was carried out using the descriptive survey design. The population of the study comprised 1,085,860 voters in Port Harcourt and 131 staff of Nigeria Info FM, WAZOBIA FM and Rhythm FM which are radio stations operating in Port Harcourt. The sample of the study comprised 400 residents of Port Harcourt and 6 media representatives. The sampling technique used in the study were multi-stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling technique. The instruments used data gathering for this study were structured questionnaire and interview guide. Data gotten from the questionnaire was presented using frequency distribution tables, they were analyzed using weighted mean score. Data from the interview sessions were thematically analyzed. Findings of the study showed that the mainstream and social media were instrumental in spreading of diverse narratives and alternative perspectives; facilitating public understanding of the political landscape; and shaping public opinion by providing context, background and expert commentary on political issues. The study recommended that mainstream media organizations should create more social media platforms for their news stories since virtually everyone sources news stories on social media platforms. This would help increase access to the information and boost the ratings of such stories on the social media platforms.

CUSTOMER SERVICE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND BUSINESS GROWTH OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN UGHELLI, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine (PhD), Ewhrudjakpor Oke Thomas — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between customer service management (CSM) strategies and the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria. Grounded in the resource-based view of the firm, the study hypothesized that no significant relationship exists between customer service management strategies and SME growth. Using a descriptive survey design with a sample of 200 SME owners and managers drawn through simple random sampling, data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. Results revealed that SMEs predominantly deploy traditional customer service channels—telephone support (Mean = 3.34), self-service systems (Mean = 3.28), face-to-face interactions (Mean = 3.13), and customer feedback mechanisms (Mean = 3.13) while exhibiting limited adoption of digital platforms. The correlation analysis yielded r = 0.742 (p = 0.000), indicating a strong positive and statistically significant relationship between CSM strategies and SME growth, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. The study concludes that deliberate and structured deployment of customer service strategies constitutes a critical determinant of SME growth in Ughelli and recommends targeted employee training, phased technology adoption, and formalized customer service policies.

COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT AND TIMELY SERVICE DELIVERY OF ANCILLARY TELECOMMUNICATION FIRMS IN YENAGOA, BAYELSA STATE

Samuel Godgift Izo-ogu — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The “study examined the relationship between competency assessment and timely service delivery of ancillary telecommunication firms in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. The study was motivated by the increasing challenges of delayed technical support services, poor response time, slow network fault resolution, and inefficient customer service delivery experienced by some ancillary telecommunication firms. Competency assessment was measured using objective criteria and fairness, while timely service delivery was adopted as the dependent variable. The cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 50 managers from 50 ancillary telecommunication firms in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire titled: Competency Assessment and Timely Service Delivery Index (CATSDI). The reliability of the instrument was achieved using Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. Out of the administered questionnaires, 46 copies representing 92% were completely retrieved and used for analysis. Spearman Rank Order Correlation was employed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that objective criteria significantly relate with timely service delivery (r = 0.699, p < 0.01), while fairness also significantly relates with timely service delivery (r = 0.703, p < 0.01). The study concluded that competency assessment enhances timely service delivery by improving employee performance, operational efficiency, and responsiveness to customer needs. The study recommended that management should establish clear performance standards and ensure fair competency assessment practices to improve service efficiency and customer” satisfaction.

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

Destiny Yaune Godgift — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The growing need for efficiency and competitiveness within the financial sector has positioned productivity as a key factor determining organizational success, especially among microfinance banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Productivity refers to the capacity of organizations to efficiently deploy human, financial, and technological resources in order to achieve their defined goals. However, many microfinance banks still face difficulties such as low service efficiency, inadequate customer responsiveness, and weak operational performance. These problems have been partly linked to deficiencies in strategy implementation. Consequently, this study investigated the relationship between strategy implementation and productivity of microfinance banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Strategy implementation was examined through leadership and effective communication, while productivity was assessed using operational efficiency, service delivery, and organizational output. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, involving 42 managers drawn from selected microfinance banks. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the assistance of SPSS version 25.0. The results showed a significant positive relationship between leadership and productivity (r = 0.740, p < 0.01), as well as between effective communication and productivity (r = 0.718, p < 0.01). The study therefore concluded that effective strategy implementation significantly improves productivity in microfinance banks. Based on these findings, it was recommended that management should enhance leadership practices and encourage effective two-way communication in order to boost employee engagement, operational efficiency, and service delivery. Overall, the study established that stronger strategy implementation leads to improved productivity and promotes sustainable growth and competitiveness in microfinance banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS AND GOOD GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA: ROLES, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES.

ADOGBEJI, Oghenenyerhovwo Elvis, Ph.D, IWHIWHU, Kingsley Peace Ufuoma — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Civil society organizations (CSOs) play a vital role in promoting good governance in Nigeria by acting as watchdogs, fostering accountability, advocating for transparency, and ensuring citizens’ participation in decision-making processes. They bridge the gap between the government and the people, amplify marginalized voices, and contribute to policy formulation and implementation. However, CSOs in Nigeria face challenges such as limited funding, political interference, weak institutional capacity, and restrictive legal frameworks, which often undermine their effectiveness. Despite these obstacles, opportunities abound in the growing use of digital platforms for civic engagement, the increasing demand for accountability by the populace, and the potential for stronger collaborations with international partners and government institutions. The study adopted the Democratic Governance Theory to explain the roles, challenges and opportunities of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in ensuring good governance in Nigeria. Simple percentage and chi- square was used to test the hypotheses while 568 sampled respondents completed a structured questionnaire that was used to collect data from respondents. The study finds among others that the CSOs play significant roles in ensuring good governance in Nigeria. The study recommend among others the need for CSOs to deepen collaboration and networking among themselves and with other stakeholders, including the media, private sector, and international partners, to amplify their voices and ensure that their interventions have greater impact in promoting good governance.

POLITICS OF ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL INTEGRATION

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Nigeria is a nation so ethnically divided and religiously polarized. Almost on a daily basis, Nigeria experiences ethnic or religious conflicts in one state or the other and shows that the questions of national integration remain a problem. The article examined why after fifty years of independence as a nation, Nigeria is still far from achieving national integration. Ethnic conflict and religious intolerance are identified as factors threatening national integration in Nigeria. In view of the severe consequences of conflicts and their overall implication for the corporate existence of Nigeria, the ethnic groups or nationalities should be integrated into one nation state regardless of their dissimilarities. Enlightenment campaigns should be encouraged and extended to both religious bodies and various ethnic groups in Nigeria on the need for peace at all times and why the rule of law must be observed in dealing with certain issues.

DETERMINANTS OF DIETARY PRACTICES AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STAFF IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Mahcit Margaret Kazi, Gavou T. Pam, Prof. Larai A. Keswet — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

CULTURAL DIVERSITIES AND CONSUMER PREFERENCE OF BISTROS IN PORT HARCOURT

I.A Kalio, Songo Lawson (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically investigated the relationship between cultural diversities and consumer preference of Bistros in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the objective of the study was to examine how food symbolism relate with consumer repeat visit of bistros in Port Harcourt. The correlational research design was adopted. The population for this study comprised of consumers of the bistros in Port Harcourt. Given the large and dynamic nature of the customer base in these establishments, the population is considered infinite. Three hundred and eighty-four (384) consumers were chosen as the sample size for the study through Krejcie & Morgan table for sample size determination. However, only 328 consumers provided data for the study through questionnaire that was designed in the Likert 5-point scale format of strongly agree to strongly disagree. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the null hypothesis. From the result of the analysis, it was discovered that food symbolism which was the metric used for cultural diversities positively and significantly relate with consumer repeat visit of bistros in Port Harcourt. Based on the findings, it was concluded that cultural diversities significantly shape consumer preferences of bistros in Port Harcourt. Therefore, the study recommended that bistros in Port Harcourt should strategically integrate cultural symbolism into their culinary offering.

BUSINESS OBJECTIVES AND SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AMONG PLASTIC MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Dr. Agabe, N. A., Okonye, Ndudi Mavis — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between business objectives and sustainable competitive advantage among plastic manufacturing firms in Rivers State. Objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of business objectives such as strategic objectives and operational objectives relate with sustainable competitive advantage in terms of cost leadership and product differentiation. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 39 respondents across 13 plastic manufacturing firms using structured questionnaires. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire designed in four point likert rating scale. In the course of administering the questionnaires, the researcher was able to retrieve 35 copies. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) was used for the test of hypotheses via SPSS Version 25.0. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between business objectives and sustainable competitive advantage among plastic manufacturing firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that business objectives enhance sustainable competitive advantage. Among others, the study recommends that plastic manufacturing firms should regularly conduct thorough market research to identify cost-saving opportunities and emerging customer preferences as such would enable them set clear goals focused on achieving cost leadership through efficiency.

THE CREATION OF A CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS) FOR THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC DAMATURU FARMLAND, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

Bulama Alhaji Abatcha, Ishaku Iliyasu — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Persistent challenges in spatial land governance within institutional settings necessitate integrated geospatial solutions. This study details the creation, implementation, and validation of a digital Cadastral Information System (CIS) for the Federal Polytechnic Damaturu (FEDPODAM) farmland to address lingering land administration inefficiencies. Employing an integrated geospatial methodology, it utilized high-resolution satellite imagery and conducted cadastral surveys using Global Positioning System. Spatial data for 115 leasehold parcels were integrated with socio-tenurial attributes within an ArcGIS 10.5 geodatabase. The system facilitates core geospatial functions including spatial query, parcel identification, and automated cartographic output. Primary deliverables include a georeferenced base map, a spatially accurate digital parcel layer, a relational geodatabase, and an interactive query interface. Validation confirmed high spatial fidelity with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.12 meters for parcel coordinates and 98.5% attribute consistency. The implemented CIS successfully transitions land records from an analogue, spatially ambiguous system to a precise, transparent digital framework, effectively resolving boundary conflicts and establishing a foundation for sustainable land-use planning. This model, built on accessible geospatial technology and a clear methodological workflow, presents strong potential as a replicable and practically feasible solution for institutional land administration in similar developing contexts, thereby contributing to spatially informed sustainable development.

CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES STUDENTS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN URUE OFFONG ORUKO LGA

Godwin Okon Asuquo, Ukeme Sunday Akpan , Blessing Jessy Effiong — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Despite the importance of Social Studies in fostering civic competence, social awareness, and responsible citizenship among Junior Secondary School students, academic achievement in the subject has continued to decline in many public secondary schools. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of cooperative learning strategy and academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The research question and hypothesis were formulated in line with the research objective. Methodologically, cross-sectional survey research design was adopted in the study. Related literature aimed at enriching the conceptual framework were reviewed. The population of the study was 1002 junior secondary school student in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State and a sample size of 277 were determined using Krejcies and Morgan Formula. The collected data were further analyzed using simple percentage and Simple Linear Regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that the two independent variables (interdependence and individual accountability, were significantly relates with the academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. it was concluded that positive interdependence, and individual accountability, are relational dimensions that can influence the academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. It was recommended that Social Studies teachers in Junior Secondary Schools in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area should deliberately adopt cooperative learning strategies that promote positive interdependence. Teachers should design learning activities where students depend on one another to achieve shared academic goals, such as group projects, joint problem-solving tasks, and collaborative discussions

ASSESSMENT OF DESIGN CRITERIA FOR REINVENTION OF FABRIC WASTE TO PRODUCE CHILDRENS CLOTHING ARTICLES BY CLOTHING ENTREPRENEURS IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

Obiana Uche Viola, Edache Ajunwa, Isiguzo Valentina — Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores design criterion for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurs in kano state Nigeria. Objectively, the study identified design criteria required for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles, the types and characteristics of fabric waste to be reinvented to produce children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurship in Kano State. A survey design was used for the study. Population was 15,824 made up of 600 registered clothing entrepreneurs and 15,269 mothers that registered for post-natal and pediatric care in federal, state government and private hospitals in Kano State. Multi-stage sampling technique and purposive sampling was used to select a sample size of 612 respondents, comprising of 378 mothers and 234 clothing entrepreneurs. Questionnaire titled “Assessment of Design Criteria for Reinvention of Fabric Waste to produce Children’s Clothing Article Instrument for Mothers and Clothing Entrepreneurs (DCRFWPCCAIMCE)" was used for data collection. Internal consistency of instrument was determined using Cronbach alpha which yielded 0.82 for design criteria and 0.89 for fabric characteristics. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.
Result of the Findings revealed sixteen design criteria identified for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles. These include: children’s clothing articles being comfortabl (4.00± 0.00; 4.00±0.00); safe for the wearer (3.93±0.98; (3.93± 0.98) for mothers and clothing entrepreneurs respectively among others. 41characteristics of fabric waste were identified for the production of children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurship. These include: cotton fabric waste (3.75± 0.94;3.53± 0.88); bright color fabrics (3.50±0.88;3.26± 0.82,) light fabric waste (3.90± 0.98;3.73± 0.93) among others. The study recommended that clothing entrepreneurs and mothers should reinvent fabric waste to produce a lot of useful children’s clothing articles and other clothing accessories that require small pieces of fabrics to produce.

THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN YENAGOA CITY, BAYELSA STATE

Poazi, Francis Deinmodei W, Adike, Abinotam Joshua — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In various industries, especially management, effective human resource management is crucial for total organisational performance, which is usually driven by the dedication and commitment of the workforce. It is questionable whether human resource practices, such as compensation and organisational citizenship behaviours, influence employee attitudes at construction companies in Yenagoa City, Bayelsa State. This study investigated the correlation between human resources practices and employee attitudes, including organisational citizenship behaviour. To achieve this objective, the researcher employed a survey design, and relevant primary data were collected using a standardised instrument tailored to the study's requirements. The study's participants were 304 construction
workers from a total sample of 319 drawn from six construction firms in Bayelsa State. The generated data was analysed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and charts) and inferential statistical techniques. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to assess the hypotheses for the investigation at a significance threshold of 0.05. The findings demonstrated that at the 95% confidence level, all examined associations had positive correlations with p-values below 0.05. Based on these findings, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. This decision led to the conclusion that a statistically significant correlation exists between human resource management practices and employee attitudes in the construction companies in Yenagoa city, Bayelsa State. The researcher recommended that construction firm managers prioritise the training and development of their staff through appropriate compensation and recognition since these elements will promote positive employee and organisational citizenship behaviours and engagement.

LONG TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON EQUITY OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi , Eli, Dorcas Chidinma — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

INTERNAL AUDIT PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF LISTED CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi, Simon Maureen — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship the relationship between internal audit practices and financial reporting quality of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The research design used in this study was descriptive survey. The targeted population of this study consists of all the twenty-one (21) listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) with a respondent total of two hundred and ninety (290). The sample size of the study consists of ten (10) listed consumer goods manufacturing firms that have branches that are located in Rivers State on the basis of purposive sampling technique adoption. The study employed primary data source of questionnaires which was administer to the respondents and two hundred and thirty-one (251) representing a response rate of 86.6% was used as new respondents sample size for the study. The study used content validity and the instrument was given to my supervisor and two other accounting lecturers in the department, they read through and made necessary corrections. The Cronbach alpha reliability test was used to determine the statistical reliability of the instrument. The researcher employed descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and spearman rank correlation order in data analysis. Findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between internal controls and timeliness and there is a significant relationship between audit risk management and relevance of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Based on the summary of findings, this study generally concluded that, internal audit practices positive and significant relationship with financial reporting quality of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria should adopt the effective use of internal control since it has positive influence toward increase in financial reporting quality.

INTEGRATING AI TOOLS IN MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM QUALITY ASSURANCE IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA

Sunday Ogiri Rowland — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools into mathematics curriculum quality assurance in public senior secondary schools within Obio/Akpor Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and employed a descriptive survey design involving all 72 mathematics teachers in the LGA. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.77, and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-test statistics at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that AI tools have significant potential to enhance mathematics curriculum quality assurance by identifying curriculum gaps, improving alignment with national standards, enabling real-time updates, and informing evidence-based decisions in curriculum development and review. AI integration was also found to support instructional delivery monitoring by tracking lesson delivery, analyzing student engagement, and providing real-time feedback, as well as evaluation and assessment by generating adaptive test items, offering detailed learning analytics, and delivering personalized feedback. No significant gender differences were observed in teachers’ perceptions across all dimensions, indicating a shared acceptance of AI integration. The study concludes that AI tools can drive data-driven, adaptive, and efficient approaches to curriculum quality assurance when supported by adequate resources, training, and ethical frameworks. It recommends capacity building for teachers, provision of digital infrastructure, policy development for AI integration, and collaborative approaches among stakeholders to ensure effective and sustainable implementation.

WORK HYBRIDIZATION: SIGNIFICANCE FOR SOCIAL WELLBEING WITHIN AFRICAN WORK SYSTEMS

Kuroakegha Bio Basuo (PhD) — Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The challenge of poor social wellbeing, impedes the healthy development of individuals and groups within organisations. This paper addressed this concern through its focus on work hybridization, assessing its significance for social wellbeing within African work systems. The paper is designed as a theoretical paper, advancing a literature-based perspective on the imperatives of work hybridization in enabling workers the flexibility and relative autonomy required for them to invest not only in the organisation, but also in themselves and their relationship with family and others.
The cognitive dissonance theory was adopted as the theoretical lens and foundation for the paper; emphasizing the implications of dissonance in the individual’s reality and their central or underpinning values. This tenet was applied in understanding the extent to which foreign work systems, imposed on the African, impacts and affects their social behaviour and wellbeing. It was concluded that work hybridization, advances structures support flexibility features that align with the underlying communal needs and values of the African worker, thus contributing to their social needs and that way, enhancing the workers sense of placement and wellbeing.

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

EYIDIA, Thankgod Dimkpa, NWOKA, Jude (Prof.), ONUNWOR, Allwell Azubuike, PhD — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between leadership development and organizational performance operationalized through organizational effectiveness and employee retention rate in government ministries in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Dynamic Capabilities Theory and the Human Capital Theory. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted with a target population of 2,764 senior civil servants (Grade Level 08 and above) distributed across 26 government ministries in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane's sampling formula, 316 usable questionnaire responses were analyzed. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing at a 0.05 significance level. Results revealed a moderate positive and statistically significant relationship between leadership development and organizational effectiveness (r = 0.466, p = 0.000), and a moderate-to-strong positive and statistically significant relationship between leadership development and employee retention rate (r = 0.594, p = 0.000). Both null hypotheses were rejected. The study concluded that leadership development is a significant predictor of organizational performance in public sector ministries and recommended the institutionalization of structured leadership development pathways, cross-departmental assignment programs, and competency-based leadership training within Rivers State government ministries.

MARKET ARCHITECTURE, DISCLOSURE, AND THE LIQUIDITY OF UNLISTED PUBLIC SECURITIES: EVIDENCE FROM NASD OTC IN NIGERIA

Uche Toby Agburuga PhD, FCA, ACS — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the market architecture for unlisted public securities in Nigeria. We analyze a distinct segment of the Nigerian capital market in which securities are publicly held and tradable on the NASD OTC Securities Exchange but are not listed on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX). Using institutional analysis and comparative evidence, we show that Nigerian regulation separates formal listing from supervised quotation and secondary-market trading. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires securities of unlisted public companies to trade only on a Commission-approved OTC platform, while NASD supplies the disclosure, trading, surveillance, and settlement infrastructure for that segment. We document the admission pathways, continuing obligations, and trading arrangements that govern this market and compare them with the tiered U.S. OTC market and the United Kingdom’s distinction between the Official List and AIM. The evidence indicates that NASD operates as an intermediate market layer between private illiquidity and full exchange listing. More broadly, the findings suggest that market quality in off-exchange environments depends less on the absence of formal listing than on the strength of disclosure rules, regulatory oversight, and post-trade infrastructure. In the Nigerian setting, the main constraint appears to be incomplete migration of eligible issuers into the regulated OTC framework rather than the absence of an institutional design. The paper contributes to the literature on market design, disclosure regulation, and alternative trading venues by showing how a supervised OTC market can expand transparency and investor protection for unlisted public securities in an emerging market.

PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUT OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Dr. Victor Barinua — Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between Performance Management Strategies and Organizational Output of microfinance banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. A correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected from 45 employees across selected microfinance banks using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between performance appraisal and both timeliness and quantity of output. Similarly, Management by Objectives showed a significant positive correlation with both timeliness and quantity of output. This study concludes that Performance Management Strategies namely performance appraisal and management by objectives play a critical role in enhancing Organizational Output in microfinance banks in Rivers State. Specifically, performance appraisal significantly improves both the timeliness and volume of output, while MBO fosters goal clarity and employee engagement, resulting in measurable productivity gains. These results validate the relevance of structured performance management systems in promoting operational efficiency and strategic alignment within financial institutions. The study recommended that managers and policymakers in the microfinance sector should prioritize these techniques as tools for optimizing employee contributions and achieving organizational goals.

IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS ON THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL SCIENCE EDUCATION COURSES AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Aunty George Daminabo Ogolo — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the impact of artificial intelligence tools on the teaching of Social Science Education courses among students in public universities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study while two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey research design for this study. The population for the study comprised 103 (59 male and 44 female) Social Science Education lecturers. There was no sampling because the population was manageable. The instrument for data collection was a researcher developed questionnaire titled “Impact of Artificial Intelligence tools in the teaching of Social Science Education in Public Universities Questionnaire (IAITTSSEPUQ)” which contained 16 items. Three experts in Faculty of Education, Federal University Otuoke, validated the instrument which yielded an overall reliability index of 0.82. Mean scores and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses. The study found that ChatGPT and Google Bard significantly impact the teaching of Social Science Education courses in public universities in Bayelsa State. In line with the findings, the researcher recommended among others that University management should provide regular training workshops for lecturers on the effective use of Artificial Intelligence tools such as ChatGPT and Google Bard. This will help them integrate AI more confidently into classroom instruction and research activities.

AN APPRAISAL OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN AFRICA POLITICS, A STUDY OF LIBERIA

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (Ph.D) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Liberia civil war was one of the wars in Africa that shocked the conscience of mankind. The effect of the war on women was more devastating than others. The objectives of this work are to consider the violation of the rights of women in the Liberia civil war, examine the role played by the rebel movement in gender related abuses and find why women are more valuable to rights, violation in armed conflict particularly in Liberia. The term gender denotes the qualities associated with men and women that are socially and currently determined. It includes the way in which society differentiates appropriate behavior and access to power for men and women. The methodology adopted behavior and adopted in this work is based on secondary materials only. Our findings are that women were raped, brutalized and brutally murdered and in some cases abducted and uses as sex slaves.

HR ANALYTICS MATURITY AND DECISION QUALITY IN STRATEGIC WORKFORCE PLANNING: EVIDENCE FROM DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Dr. Victor Barinua — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between HR analytics maturity and decision quality in strategic workforce planning among deposit money banks (DMBs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory and the HR Analytics Maturity Model, the study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The population comprised HR directors, managers, and senior HR officers across 22 licensed deposit money banks operating in Rivers State. A sample of 220 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between HR analytics maturity dimensions data infrastructure quality (r = .612, p < .05), analytical capability (r = .574, p < .05), and strategic alignment of analytics (r = .649, p < .05) and decision quality in strategic workforce planning. Multiple regression results showed that the three dimensions jointly accounted for 61.4% of the variance in decision quality (R² = .614, F(3, 216) = 114.83, p < .001). Strategic alignment of analytics emerged as the strongest predictor (β = .341, p < .001). The study concludes that the maturity of HR analytics infrastructure significantly enhances the quality of workforce planning decisions in Nigerian deposit money banks. It recommends deliberate investment in data infrastructure, upskilling of HR professionals in analytical competencies, and alignment of analytics initiatives with corporate strategy.

EFFECT OF PEER-MEDIATED COUNSELLING ON RESILIENCE AND SCHOOL ADJUSTMENT AMONG ORPHANED AND VULNERABLE ADOLESCENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Nwanyinnaya Charity Williams, PhD, Grace Onyowo Ugboha, PhD — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of peer-mediated counseling on resilience and school adjustment among orphaned and vulnerable adolescents in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. the study was motivated by the increasing psychosocial and academic challenges faced by orphaned and vulnerable children, which often result in low resilience and poor adjustment to school environments. A quasi-experimental research design, specifically the pretest, posttest control group design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of all orphaned and vulnerable adolescents in public secondary schools in Jos metropolis. The sample consisted of 96 adolescents selected from public secondary schools using a multi-stage sampling, purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques assigned to experimental and control groups, over a period of 8 weeks. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled “Peer-Mediated Counselling on Resilience and School Adjustment Questionnaire (PMCRSAQ)” which was validated by experts in Counselling, Educational Psychology, and Research, Measurement and Evaluation in Faculty of Education, University of Jos. The reliability was ensured through Cronbach Alpha method, which gave an index of 0.78. Data collected were analysed using mean, standard deviation, and t-tests at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that peer-mediated counselling had a significant positive effect on both resilience and school adjustment among the students. There were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in favour of the students who participated in the intervention. The study concluded that peer-mediated counselling is an effective and practical intervention for enhancing psychosocial well-being and academic adjustment among orphaned and vulnerable students. It was therefore recommended that schools integrate peer counselling programmes into their guidance services to support vulnerable learners.

WHISTLEBLOWING MECHANISM AND INTERNAL AUDIT EFFECTIVENESS IN NIGERIA

Wokeh, Promise Ikechi PhD , Osayande Osamudiamen PhD — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of the study is to ascertain the relationship between whistleblowing mechanism and internal audit effectiveness in Nigeria public sector. The correlational research design was employed. Data were sourced by the use of questionnaires. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis technique was used to test the hypothesis. The result revealed that there is a significant relationship between whistleblowing mechanism and internal audit effectiveness in Nigeria public sector. Based on the findings the study recommended that due to the significant influence of whistleblowing mechanism on internal audit effectiveness in Nigeria public sector, It needs to train, educate and develop her staff about risks/threats awareness and identification of whistleblowing.

GOVERNMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A POST-CONFLICT ECONOMY: EVIDENCE FROM BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

Umar Modu Bukar, Bukar Zanna Waziri, Mohammed Yusuf, Babagana Mustapha — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between government capital expenditure and socio-economic development in Borno State, Nigeria, a region that has endured over a decade of devastating insurgency by the Boko Haram terrorist group. Using a mixed-methods research design that combines quantitative secondary data analysis with qualitative field-based evidence, the study covers the period 2010–2023, encompassing both peak-conflict and post-conflict reconstruction phases. Drawing on disaggregated state-level budgetary data obtained from the Borno State Ministry of Finance and Budget, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins, the study evaluates the impact of capital spending across education, healthcare, infrastructure, agriculture, and security on selected socio-economic indicators including the Human Development Index (HDI), poverty headcount ratio, primary school enrolment rate, infant mortality rate, and per capita income. The theoretical framework integrates Wagner's Law of Increasing State Activity, the Keynesian public expenditure multiplier theory, and the Capability Approach advanced by Amartya Sen. Employing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing cointegration, Vector Error Correction Modelling (VECM), and fixed-effects panel regression, the empirical results reveal a statistically significant positive long-run relationship between capital expenditure and socio-economic development outcomes in Borno State (p < 0.01). Capital allocations to education (β = 0.41), health (β = 0.33), and infrastructure (β = 0.27) exert the strongest marginal effects on the composite Human Development Index. However, the findings also expose critical structural weaknesses: chronic capital expenditure underperformance (budget implementation rate averaging 43.2%), severe leakages attributable to corruption and institutional fragility, and a pronounced misalignment between capital budget priorities and the actual developmental needs of displaced and returning populations. The study concludes that post-conflict fiscal policy in Borno State must urgently pivot toward need-specific, spatially targeted, and accountability-anchored capital investments to catalyse genuine and sustainable socio-economic recovery. The research contributes novel empirical evidence to the limited literature on public finance in conflict-affected sub-national economies in Sub-Saharan Africa.

APPOINTMENT OF PRINCIPALS IN SENIOR SECONDARY IN RIVERS STATE: THE GENDER PERSPECTIVE

AMADI, Emilia Lucky , URIAH, Oboada Alafonye — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study utilised a descriptive research design to examine the appointment of principals in senior secondary schools in Rivers State from a gender perspective. The research population consisted of 6,183 individuals, encompassing 320 principals and 5,833 teachers from 365 public senior secondary schools in Rivers State, along with 30 officials from the Rivers State Ministry of Education and Senior Secondary Schools Board. The sample size was determined using Taro Yamane's formula with a 95% confidence level and 0.05 margin of error, resulting in approximately 376 participants. Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire called the 'Appointment of Principals in Senior Secondary Questionnaire (APSSQ)', which utilised a four-point Likert scale ranging from 'Strongly Disagree' to 'Strongly Agree' to measure respondents' attitudes and perceptions regarding the research variables. The instrument's validity and its reliability were tested using Cronbach's Alpha analysis, which yielded a coefficient of 0.79, indicating high internal consistency and acceptable reliability. Of the 376 questionnaires distributed, 322 were completed and deemed valid for analysis, achieving a response rate of approximately 85.6%. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 27.0. Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, were employed to address the research questions, while inferential statistics through Independent t-tests were used to test hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that gender biases and patriarchal norms limit women's access to leadership positions in education, undermining equality and restricting competent leadership. The study concluded that there is a disparity in the appointment of principals in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The study recommended, among others, that stakeholders should ensure that merit-based appointment criteria, gender-sensitivity workshops, and targeted leadership development programs to promote gender equality.

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF CLASS WIDE TUTORING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF BUSINESS STATISTICS STUDENTS IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA.

Babangida Haruna — Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study Investigated the Comparative Effects of Class Wide Tutoring Instructional Strategies on Academic Achievement of Business Statistics Students in Colleges of Education in North-East Nigeria. The study was guided by two specific objectives with corresponding research questions and hypotheses. The quasi-experimental research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 879 students and 107 were used for the study. The two intact classes were randomly assigned to one control group (taught with the conventional lecture method) and Class-wide peer tutoring strategies. Data were collected using the Business Statistics Achievement Test (BUSAT) and the Business Statistics Interest Questionnaire (BSIQ), which were validated by three experts and pilot tested at Kano. A reliability coefficient of 0.814 and 0.719 were obtained for achievement test and interest questionnaire. Data were collected with the aid of four research assistants. Data collected were analyzed with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS). Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and mean difference was used to answer the research questions. Inferential statistics of ANOVA and independent t-test were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed among others that class wide peer tutoring instructional strategies have positive and significant effect on the academic achievement of business education students in Business Statistics. The study concluded that the adoption of class wide peer tutoring strategies will help in enhancing students' academic achievement in Business Statistics. It was recommended among others that Business Statistics lecturers should incorporate class wide peer tutoring strategies into their teaching to improve learning outcomes, and curriculum planners should consider these strategies for curriculum reforms.

SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION AND EDUCATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Amarachi Cynthia INEYE-BRIGGS, PhD — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The persistent underperformance of students in public senior secondary schools across Rivers State, Nigeria, has continued to raise concerns about the productivity of the education system, prompting this study to investigate how school infrastructure provision relates to educational productivity in the state. Two objectives, research questions and hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational survey design and drew its population from principals, teachers, and Senior Secondary 2 students across the state's public senior secondary schools. Using a stratified random sampling technique based on the three senatorial districts, 320 valid responses were obtained from a structured instrument, the School Infrastructure and Educational Productivity Questionnaire (SIEPQ). Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while the two null hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) at the 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that both instructional facility availability and school building condition were rated, on average, above the criterion mean, indicating that respondents perceived these infrastructural elements as influential to a high extent. Correlational analysis further revealed a strong, statistically significant positive relationship between instructional facility availability and students' academic achievement, and a similarly significant positive relationship between school building condition and teachers' instructional effectiveness, leading to the rejection of both null hypotheses. The study recommended that the Rivers State Government, through the Ministry of Education and the Rivers State Secondary Schools Board, prioritise the sustained provision, renovation, and maintenance of instructional facilities and school buildings to improve learning outcomes and teacher effectiveness.

TRADITIONAL BURIAL RITES AND COSTOMS OF THE OGONI PEOPLE (A CASE STUDY OF THE KONO PEOPLE OF RIVERS STATE)

Kenneth Yowika PhD — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Ogoni's are indigenous people situated in the South-South region of Nigeria and they speak a language called the Khana language with a population of over 12 million people in this area. This area is made up of four local government areas namely Khana, Gokana, Tai and Eleme with some dissenting voices on Eleme as been part of Ogoni but that is for another discuss. The people of Ogoni are predominantly farmers and ﬁshermen with land blessed with numerous mineral resources, most importantly crude that most people feel has done them more harm than good. This resources brought the agitation for their land to be developed with their God given wealth by the government of Nigeria after being abandoned by the government for several years, but rather than development, it brought them death. The Ogoni's lost their sons Ken Saro Wiwa, Barinem Kiobel, Edward Kobani, Albert Tombari Badey, Theophilus Orage, Samuel Orage and many others because of their agitation. This sad tale put the indigenous people of Ogoni on the world map with nations of the world pushing for the clean-up of the polluted area by crude oil and the exoneration of Ken Saro Wiwa and others.

CONTRIBUTORY PENSION FUND AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA

Graham-Kingsley Gift Imaonyani, Eke Promise — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of contributory pension fund on economic development of Nigeria, using both time series and explanatory research design. The validity of using the time series is attested to the researchers’ inability to manipulate the data. Data for the study period (2019-2025) were extracted from the National pension commission (PENCOM), and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, 2025. The population and sample size of this study comprised of 17year annual observation the study. The data were analyzed using the Econometric Model of Linear Regression techniques using the R statistical package. The macroeconomic data (components of contributory pension fund on economic development (gross real domestic products)) were employed in this study. The study found that contributory pension fund had positive strong relationship with economic development of Nigeria The researcher therefore, concluded that there is a significant relationship between public contributory pension fund and RGDP in Nigeria. Also, the researcher concluded that there is a significant relationship between private contributory pension fund and RGDP in Nigeria. In the light of the foregoing, the study recommends that the institutions of governance need to be strengthened to walk the path of maximum benefit for the Nigerian workers; employees should be made to understand that even within the new system they can still access up to 25 per cent of their retirement savings as a single bulk payment to enable them start a new business or deal with the issues of transition from active employment to retirement among other things.

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN OKEREWA COMMUNITY.

Sir Dr Joseph Dada Obele, (ND, PD, BSc, PGD, MBA, MSc, PhD) — Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Let's take a drive to digest the key words in this topic which are: Transformation, Leadership, Panacea, Sustainable, Development and Okerewa Community.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Olatokunbo Tolulope Ojo Ph. D, Barile Laius Ikari Ph.D. — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Insurance companies in South-South, Nigeria are struggling with innovation, customer satisfaction and financial success. Hence this research examines the relationship between entrepreneurial mindset and measures of business success (innovation, customer satisfaction & financial success) of insurance companies in South-South., Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 27 insurance companies. The sample size of 510 respondents was obtained using census and purposive sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the research instrument was obtained using Test-retest method with Cronbach alpha at a 0.70 threshold which implies that the items were reliable. The data retrieved was 460 and used for analysis using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 for the test of hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Based on the results, entrepreneurial mindset has a positive correlation with measures of business success (innovation, customer satisfaction & financial success). Therefore, the study concluded that entrepreneurial mindset enhances measures of business success (innovation, customer satisfaction & financial success). Hence, the study recommended that management of firms should encourage creativity and idea generation among employees by investing in research and development, digital transformation, and innovative insurance products tailored to emerging risks

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE WITH RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE, FLY ASH AND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG

Falmata A. Mustapha — Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In recent years, the demand for construction materials has grown tremendously, likewise the
amount of construction and demolition waste, putting huge pressure on the environment. This has encouraged the use of recycled aggregate in concrete. This research aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of Self-Compacting Concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) in varying percentages of replacement for Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA). A total of 20 concrete mixtures were prepared and tested. Mixtures were divided into five different groups, with different volume fractions of Recycled Concrete Aggregate of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of NCA. The concrete is designed for a water-cement ratio of 0.38. Mixtures were designed with 50% of Portland cement substituted by a combination of class C fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag. The evaluation of concrete properties will include the workability of concrete using a slump test, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength at the ages of 3, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results indicate that replacing the coarse aggregate with high percentages of RCA reduces the workability of the SCC. The addition of 25% FA + 25% SL in place of Portland cement increases the magnitude of the slump flow. The 28-day compressive strength of SCC with 50% SL is 5.3% less than the control. The inclusion of slag had a minimal effect on the 3, 14, and 28-day compressive strength. The optimum Recycled Concrete Aggregate content of 50% shall be used in SelfCompacting Concrete based on the findings of the results.

ENTREPRENEURIAL VALUE CREATION AND MARKETING SUCCESS OF LUXURY HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Ben Nwekeala, Ph.D, Blessing Awaji-Ima Renner, Ph.D — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between Entrepreneurial Value Creation and Marketing Success of Luxury Hotels in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Entrepreneurial value creation was operationalized through innovative value and customer value, while marketing success was measured by sales growth and market share growth. The research was anchored on the Resource-Based View (RBV). A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected using structured questionnaire administered to managers and staff of luxury hotels in Port Harcourt. Out of 90 copies of questionnaire distributed, 87 were retrieved, and 84 were found valid for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that innovative value significantly relate with sales growth and market share growth. Similarly, customer value significantly impacts sales growth and, to a lesser degree, market share growth, suggesting that delivering superior experiences, personalized services, and value-for-money enhances patronage and repeat business. The study concluded that entrepreneurial value creation is a critical driver of marketing success in luxury hotels. It recommended that managers prioritize continuous innovation, customer-centered service delivery, staff training, and digital marketing strategies to sustain competitiveness.

ENHANCING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ INTEREST AND PERFORMANCE IN BIOLOGY THROUGH FUNCTIONAL PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN JALINGO METROPOLIS

Umoru, Susan Ene Ph.D , Abdulrahman, Bello Jaafar — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

ABSTRACT
Recognizing on going struggles with students’ interest and performance in Biology, this study explored whether AI-supported teaching methods could offer a meaningful solution in Jalingo Metropolis, Taraba State. The research was guided by two research questions and respective null hypotheses, using a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group approach. From a population of 3,469 Senior Secondary School Two (SSS2) students, a sample size of 184 was drawn from five randomly selected schools through simple random sampling technique. Data came from a Biology Performance Test (BPT) and a specially developed Biology Interest Inventory (BII). Descriptive statistics of Mean and Standard Deviation addressed the research questions, while inferential statistics of ANCOVA tested the hypotheses. Findings revealed that students who experienced AI-enhanced lessons showed stronger interest and performed better than those taught through conventional methods. The study recommends that teachers receive proper training in AI tools and that the curriculum be updated to reflect this shift toward more dynamic, technology-enhanced learning.

INCENTIVES AND WORKERS PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF NESTLÉ NIGERIA COMPANY, PORT HARCOURT

Aku Wisdom Ikenna — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the relationship between incentives and employee performance at Nestlé
Nigeria Company in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The research aims to determine how both financial
and non-financial incentives contribute to enhancing employee motivation, productivity, and
overall organizational performance. Guided by theories such as Vroom’s Expectancy Theory,
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, and the Equity Theory, the study adopts a descriptive-correlational
design using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected from 250 Nestlé employees across
various departments through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews.
Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple
regression, while qualitative responses were subjected to thematic analysis. The results reveal
that financial incentives—such as salary increments, bonuses, and allowances—have a significant
positive effect on employee performance. Non-financial incentives—such as recognition, career
advancement opportunities, training, and a supportive work environment also positively influence
job satisfaction and long-term commitment. The study further finds that a combination of both
financial and non-financial incentives yields the highest performance outcomes. Key challenges
identified include perceived inequities in reward distribution and limited communication about
incentive policies. The research concludes that Nestlé Nigeria can enhance workforce performance
and reduce turnover by strengthening transparent and equitable incentive structures

THE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTHE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA. TURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA.

Moses, Promise Z.O , Adiela, Uchechukwu Sambo , Amakodi, Sunday E. — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the impact of poor infrastructural facilities on the quality of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Guided by three research questions and hypotheses, an ex post facto (causal-comparative) research design was adopted. The population comprised 18,740 lecturers and students of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions, from which a sample of 392 respondents (72 lecturers and 320 students) was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between infrastructural facilities and the quality of Business Education: ICT facilities (r = 0.652, p < 0.05), electricity supply (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), and physical learning facilities (r = 0.601, p < 0.05). Regression results indicated that these variables jointly accounted for 53.6% of the variance (R² = 0.536) in Business Education quality, with ICT exerting the strongest influence (β = 0.412). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructural facilities significantly hinder teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and skill acquisition in Business Education. It recommended increased funding, stronger public–private partnerships, stable power supply, and the prioritization of ICT integration and facility maintenance to improve Business Education quality in Nigeria.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS TO INCLUSIVE AND ACCESSIBLE EDUCATION IN BAYELSA STATE

Epem Ubodiom, Irene Bome Sokare — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of emerging technological trends into educational systems presents a transformative

potential for fostering inclusivity and accessibility, particularly for marginalized learner populations.

This paper explored the current and potential contributions of these technologies to inclusive

education within the unique socio-economic and geographical context of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

Characterized by its riverine terrain, dispersed communities, and infrastructural challenges, Bayelsa

faces significant barriers to educational equity for students with disabilities, those in remote areas,

and other vulnerable groups. Using data sourced from both primary and secondary sources, this

study examined the role of key technological innovations—including mobile learning (m-learning),

assistive technologies (e.g., text-to-speech software, screen readers), adaptive learning platforms,

and low-bandwidth online resources—in overcoming these obstacles. The study used the

Constructivist Learning Theory as template for analysis. Findings indicate that while initiatives

utilizing basic mobile technology have improved access to educational content in some hard-to-

reach communities, the widespread adoption of more advanced assistive and adaptive technologies

remains nascent, hindered by inadequate infrastructure (electricity and internet connectivity), high

costs, and a lack of specialized teacher training. The paper recommended for leveraging mobile-

first AI tutors, expansion of offline digital libraries with Virtual Reality (VR), implementation of

assistive technology hubs, and the building of a data-driven early warning system. It concluded that

a multi-stakeholder approach involving government, private sector, and non-governmental

organizations is crucial. Strategic investments in digital infrastructure, context-specific teacher

professional development, and the localisation of assistive technologies are essential to fully harness

these emerging trends, thereby ensuring that technological advancements translate into tangible,

equitable, and accessible educational outcomes for all learners in Bayelsa State.

TELEPHONE/MOBILE NETWORK GADGET AND ADEQUATE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION IN SELECTED TELECOMMUNICATION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

Eke, Josephine Onyeri (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined telephone/ mobile n networks gadgets and adequate information dissemination in selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. The study was anchored on Information/Innovation Diffusion Theory by Rogers, 1962. The exploratory research design was adopted which necessitated the test of hypotheses. The population of the study was 114 employees working in the head office of the selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. The entire population of 114 employees from four (4) telecommunication firms in Rivers State was used as the study sample. Hence, the study was a census study. A total of 114 questionnaire were administered by the researcher while 80 were copies retrieved. Simple percentage and Pie chart was used for the univariate analysis while Chi-Square (X²) was employed in the bivariate analysis. The following findings were made: there is a significant relationship between office manager’s use of telephone/mobile network and adequate dissemination of information in selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study, it was therefore, recommended among other things that Office managers should endevour to have telephone/mobile networks in their offices to enable accurate and adequate dissemination of information; Office managers should embark on seminar/workshops that will enable them learn to use the internet network proficiently in sourcing for information; finally, the researcher recommends that office managers should upgrade with the modern trend in the use of computer network as to effectively keep records in the office.

BRAND IDENTITY AND CONSUMER CHOICE OF BOTTLED WATER MANUFACTURING FIRMA IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

It is common for companies to use strategies of branding in order to communicate their identity and their value to potential consumers and stakeholders. To this end; this study examined the relationship between brand identity and consumer choice of bottled water manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. The study drawing from its objectives tested three (3) hypotheses. The population of the study consists of 110 registered bottled water producers gotten from Water Producers Association of Nigeria (WAPAN) Rivers State Chapter. The sample size of 86 was derived through Krejcie and Morgan sampling technique. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The hypotheses formulated were tested through the spearman rank order correlation co-efficient with the aid Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0The result of the findings showed a significant relationship between brand identity and consumer choice of bottled water.The study therefore concluded that; Brand identity plays a vital role in ensuring that the product stands out among competitive products. The study recommends that; Bottled water manufacturing firms should produce qualitative brands; they should create a positive image of their brands by producing products that will stand the taste of time and also they should use eye catching graphics to design their brands.

TEACHERS’ ASSESSMENT LITERACY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN RIVERS STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS

West Jenbarimiema, PhD — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of teachers’ assessment literacy on students’ academic performance in Rivers State secondary schools. The research employed a descriptive survey design, targeting 300 secondary school teachers and 900 students selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire for teachers and students’ academic performance records. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that teachers possessed a moderate level of assessment literacy, with stronger knowledge of assessment principles but weaker skills in analyzing assessment data and applying results to instruction. Students in schools with highly assessment-literate teachers performed better academically than those in schools with lower teacher assessment literacy. A strong positive and significant relationship (r = 0.68, p < 0.05) was found between teachers’ assessment literacy and students’ academic performance. Key challenges faced by teachers included inadequate training, large class sizes, time constraints, limited resources, and insufficient administrative support. The study concluded that enhancing teachers’ assessment literacy and addressing systemic challenges are crucial for improving student learning outcomes.

Recommendations include targeted professional development, provision of assessment resources, reduction of class sizes, and strengthened administrative support to optimize assessment practices.

EMPLOYEES’ PAY DETERMINATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS OF RIVERS STATE GOVERNMENT MININSTRIES

Charity Chinasa Njoku, Agomuo, Stella — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined employees’ pay determination and organizational success of Rivers State Government Ministries. The study sought to determine the relationship between skills/qualification and operational efficiency, examine the relationship between job complexity/responsibility and financial performance and to examine the relationship between experiences and innovation/adaptability. The research hypotheses are in line with the specific objectives. This study was anchored on two theories, Vroom Expectancy Theory and Efficiency Wage Theory. Cross-sectional survey research design was adopted. The population of this analysis consists of 793 employees - Directors, deputy directors, assistant directors and engineers from the Rivers State Government Ministries. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire, the instrument was validated by dissertation supervisor. The data were presented and analyzed, statistical tool used for testing their associated hypotheses were Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis formula with statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. The findings show that at level significance 0.05, that employee pay determination and organizational success has a significant relationship. The study concluded that employee pay determination positively relate to organizational success of Rivers State Government Ministries. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Rivers State Government Ministries should in-house employees with skills and qualifications that enable the ministries to evaluate educational background, technical expertise, experience, and other relevant competencies that determine employees’ operational efficiency as well their pay monthly or annually.

WORK DISCRETION AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE , NIGERIA

IWO-BROWN, Maureen Teidou, OBOMA, Nathan, PhD — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between work discretion and two key measures of organisational innovativeness: product innovativeness and process innovativeness, in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in Kanter's Structural Empowerment Theory and adopting a positivist philosophical framework, the study employed a correlational cross-sectional survey design. A census sampling approach was utilised, purposively selecting five managerial staff from each of the twenty deposit money banks with operational branches in Port Harcourt metropolis, yielding a total sample size of 100 respondents. Primary data were gathered through a validated and reliable structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistic was deployed to test two null hypotheses. Results showed that work discretion had a significant, positive, and moderate relationship with product innovativeness (r = .446, p = .000 < .05) and an insignificant positive relationship with process innovativeness (r = .128, p = .203 > .05). The study concluded that work discretion is a veritable driver of product innovativeness in Nigerian deposit money banks but does not significantly predict process innovativeness within the same context. Recommendations were made for deposit money bank management to broaden the scope of employee autonomy in both product design and process reconfiguration.

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE, ACADEMIC SELF-CONCEPT, AND COGNITIVE OVERLOAD AMONG TERTIARY STUDENTS IN RIVER STATE UNIVERSITIES

Obindah Fortune, PhD, Egbe, Remi Robert — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between social media usage, academic self-concept, and cognitive overload among tertiary students in Rivers State universities. The study adopted a quantitative approach using a correlational research design. The population comprised undergraduate students, from which a sample of 400 respondents was selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Social Media Usage, Academic Self-Concept, and Cognitive Overload Questionnaire (SMUASCOQ).” The instrument was validated by experts, and reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.82, 0.85, and 0.88 for the respective variables. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between social media usage and cognitive overload, indicating that increased engagement with social media contributes to higher levels of mental strain among students. The study also found a significant negative relationship between academic self-concept and cognitive overload, suggesting that students with stronger academic self-beliefs experience lower cognitive burden. Furthermore, the combined influence of social media usage and academic self-concept significantly predicted cognitive overload, accounting for a substantial proportion of variance in students’ cognitive experiences. The study concluded that cognitive overload among tertiary students is influenced by both digital behavior and psychological factors. It emphasized the need for balanced social media usage and the development of positive academic self-concept to enhance cognitive efficiency and academic performance. The study recommended that students adopt regulated social media habits, while institutions implement strategies to promote academic confidence and reduce digital distractions.

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, AND RURAL LIVELIHOOD IN NIGERIA: A GEOGRAPHER'S PERSPECTIVE

Dr. Clarke Tarelayefa, Dr. Numoipre Inainfe — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the role of Indigenous knowledge, environmental sustainability, and rural livelihood in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on its contributions to soil conservation, water management, climate adaptation, and livelihood diversification across different ecological zones. The aim was to assess the relevance, strengths, and limitations of indigenous knowledge systems in addressing contemporary environmental challenges while identifying opportunities for their integration with modern scientific approaches. Findings revealed that indigenous practices are highly context-specific, culturally embedded, and effective in enhancing environmental management and community resilience; however, their continued relevance is constrained by modernization, inadequate documentation, and limited incorporation into formal policy frameworks. The study concludes that indigenous knowledge remains a valuable and practical resource for sustainable environmental management and rural development in Nigeria, but its long-term effectiveness depends on proper preservation and integration with modern systems. It is therefore recommended that government agencies and policymakers integrate indigenous knowledge into environmental and development policies, that systematic documentation be carried out through research institutions and digital platforms to preserve and disseminate such knowledge.

DECOLONIZATION OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE CREATIVITY, INNOVATION AND GLOBAL COMPETIVENESS

Stella Ofor-Douglas Ph.D — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examines decolonization of university education for sustainable creativity, innovation and global competitiveness. The abstract outlines on reshaping Nigerian university education by moving away from inherited Western models and toward a decolonized framework that fosters sustainable innovation and global competitiveness. The introduction establishes that current curricula often neglect indigenous knowledge systems, leaving graduates ill-equipped to solve local problems or compete meaningfully on global platforms. The literature review examines existing scholarship on colonial legacies in African education, highlighting how imported pedagogies suppress creativity and contextual relevance. Key issues identified include over-reliance on foreign theories, poor integration of local languages and technologies, limited research into indigenous solutions, and a disconnect between university outputs and Nigeria’s developmental needs. The paper then suggests practical steps: redesigning core courses to include Nigerian case studies and traditional problem-solving methods; promoting research partnerships with local industries and communities; adopting flexible assessment systems that reward innovation over rote memorization and training lecturers in decolonial pedagogies. The conclusion affirms that decolonization does not mean rejecting global knowledge but rather balancing it with homegrown perspectives. When Nigerian universities lead with their own cultural and intellectual resources, they produce graduates who drive sustainable innovation , create solar alternatives to diesel generators, biomaterials from local plants and fintech solutions for unbanked populations. This approach enhances global competitiveness by offering unique, context-smart innovations rather than copying Western models. Ultimately, decolonizing the university is not symbolic; it is a strategic necessity for Nigeria to compete on its own terms while solving real local challenges sustainably.

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert (PhD) — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between government expenditure and economic development in Nigeria, against the backdrop of persistent fiscal inefficiencies, corruption, and weak accountability that have limited the impact of rising public spending on citizens’ welfare. Despite increased government expenditure over the years, Nigeria continues to experience high poverty, unemployment, and inadequate access to basic services, raising concerns about the effectiveness of fiscal policy in driving development. Anchored on Wagner’s theory of increasing state activity and Keynesian theory, the study specifically investigates the impact of capital expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the period 2001–2020. Using a correlational and ex-post facto research design, secondary time-series data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and related statistical publications, and analyzed using regression techniques. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between capital expenditure and GDP, indicating that public investment contributes to economic growth. Similarly, capital expenditure shows a significant relationship with HDI, suggesting its relevance in improving human development outcomes. However, no significant relationship was found between capital expenditure and CPI, implying limited influence on price stability. The study concludes that while capital expenditure plays a vital role in enhancing economic growth and human development, its effectiveness is constrained by inefficiencies in public financial management. It therefore recommends improved monitoring, transparency, and strategic allocation of public funds toward productive sectors to ensure sustainable economic development in Nigeria.

INFLUENCE OF RELIGION ON SOCIAL COHESION IN MULTI-ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA

Oko Ume Okorie, PhD — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Research Question: The current study aimed to shed light on the loss of social cohesion among the heterogeneous communities in Nigeria, especially in the context of religious affiliation that is becoming more and more intertwined with ethnic identity and urban settlement patterns to shape social trust, intergroup relations, and collective identity. The research tried to deconstruct the role of religion in cohesion in both Northern and Southern Nigeria and to determine whether religious institutions are more integration agents or division agents. Procedure: Data were obtained using a range of secondary sources, such as textbooks, peer-reviewed journal articles, policy documents, and credible reports based on the qualitative research design based on the Social Identity Theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1979). These were systematically content analysed to draw common themes pertaining to identity politics, spatial segregation and religious mobilisation. Result: The results show that religious identity has significant effect on social categorisation processes, which solidifies in-group solidarity and undermines out-group trust, especially in conflict-prone northern metropolises. The ethno-religious segregation is frequently reflected in the patterns of urban settlement, thus limiting the contact between the groups and making them more suspicious of each other. A relatively tolerant climate is present in Southern Nigeria, but indigene-settler politics and elite manipulation of identity remain a source of cohesion. The religious institutions have two facets: there are those actors who deepen divisions by using politicised rhetoric, and there are those who support reconciliation by interfaith dialogue and community-based peace efforts. Conclusion: Religion is not necessarily divisive or necessarily integrative; the effects of religion depend on governance systems, framing of leadership, and the presence of constructive opportunities of intergroup contact. Recommendation: The paper suggests inclusive city planning, systematic interfaith dialogue, and specific governance reforms to reduce identity-based political manipulation, which will help to promote long-term social cohesion.

OPPORTUNITY RECOGNITION CAPABILITY AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF START-UP FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

Iheanyichukwu Godwin Amakor, Barisi Chioma Daniel, Nkasiobi Otuonye Okocha — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between opportunity recognition capability and business success of start-up firms in Rivers State. Opportunity recognition capability was conceptualised through three dimensions: environmental scanning capability, entrepreneurial alertness, and information processing capability, while business success was measured using profitability, market growth, and business sustainability. The study addressed three research questions and tested three corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a population comprising registered start-up firms operating across key sectors within Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire administered to 120 founders and managerial staff involved in strategic decision-making. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient with the aid of statistical software. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between environmental scanning capability and profitability (r = .702, p < .01), entrepreneurial alertness and market growth (r = .685, p < .01), as well as information processing capability and business sustainability (r = .721, p < .01). The study concludes that opportunity recognition capability is a critical determinant of business success among start-up firms. It is recommended that entrepreneurs strengthen their environmental scanning practices by continuously monitoring market trends to enhance profitability, improving entrepreneurial alertness through training and exposure to opportunity identification processes to drive market growth; and developing strong information processing systems to support informed decision-making and ensure long-term business sustainability.

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND SOIL CONSERVATION PRACTICES AMONG SMALL-HOLDING FARMERS IN OGBIA

Tarelayefa Clarke — Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the indigenous knowledge and soil conservation practices among smallholder farmers in Ogbia LGA, Bayelsa State. The study's population comprised all smallholder farmers involved in arable crop production within Ogbia LGA. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 80 farmers involved in arable crop production. We used the Indigenous Knowledge and Soil Conservation Practices Questionnaire (IKSCPQ) to gather data. The instrument underwent validation and reliability testing, achieving a reliability index of 0.84 via the Cronbach’s Alpha method. The research questions were addressed using mean and standard deviation, while the null hypotheses were evaluated through an independent sample t-test and ANOVA at the 0.05 significance level. The study's results indicated that the indigenous knowledge of soil conservation among male and female farmers involved in arable crop production varies marginally. The corresponding hypothesis, which revealed no noteworthy disparity, further confirms that gender does not play a decisive role in determining indigenous soil conservation knowledge among farmers. The study concluded that indigenous soil conservation practices are widely known, applied, and perceived as effective among smallholder farmers in the study area, regardless of gender, farming experience, or educational level. The study recommended, among others, that agricultural extension agencies and local government authorities should design and implement gender-inclusive training programmes to sustain and further enhance the already similar levels of indigenous knowledge among male and female farmers.

DEVELOPING A GIS-BASED COMPOSITE WALKABILITY INDEX USING OPEN GEOSPATIAL DATA AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN UYO URBAN AREA, NIGERIA

Patrick Etim Akpan, Obot Ibanga — Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Walkability has emerged as an important component of sustainable urban mobility because of its contribution to reducing automobile dependence, improving public health, and supporting environmentally sustainable cities. However, walkability conditions in many rapidly urbanizing African cities remain poorly understood due to limited pedestrian-focused planning and inadequate spatial datasets. This study develops a Geographic Information System (GIS)- based Composite Walkability Index (CWI) for Uyo Urban Area, Nigeria, through the integration of open geospatial datasets and field-based measurements. The study employed a survey-based and spatial analytical approach combining household surveys, field observations, pedestrian counts, OpenStreetMap datasets, satellite imagery, and GIS techniques. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), regression analysis, rasterization, Kriging interpolation, and map algebra were applied to identify the major determinants of walkability and generate a spatially explicit walkability index. The findings reveal that walkability in Uyo is significantly influenced by land-use structure, street connectivity, accessibility, pedestrian infrastructure, and environmental quality. Areas characterized by mixed land uses, connected street networks, and improved pedestrian facilities recorded higher pedestrian activity levels, whereas peripheral neighbourhoods with poor infrastructure exhibited lower walkability conditions. Regression analysis further showed that the extracted walkability components jointly explained 49.8% of the variation in pedestrian traffic volume, with land-use mix and connectivity emerging as the strongest predictors of walking activity. Spatial analysis revealed a distinct core–periphery pattern in the distribution of walkability across the metropolis. The study demonstrates that integrating open geospatial datasets with field observations provides a practical and cost-effective framework for walkability assessment in data-constrained urban environments. The resulting Composite Walkability Index offers a valuable decision-support tool for sustainable transport planning, pedestrian infrastructure improvement, and climate- responsive urban development in Nigerian cities.

EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS-BASED COUNSELLING ON EMOTIONAL REGULATION AND ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Grace Onyowo Ugboh, Ph.D., Patience Yankat Bitrus — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Academic engagement and emotional regulation are critical for learning, yet many secondary school students in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria, struggle due to chronic stress and limited coping resources. This study examined the effects of a school-based mindfulness-based counselling programme on emotional regulation and academic engagement among senior secondary school II students. The population consisted of all senior secondary school II students in public secondary schools in Jos metropolis. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test control group design. A purposive and simple random sampling technique was used to select participants from the population. The sample size was 120 students who were identified with low emotional regulation and low academic engagement. These students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60). The experimental group received an 8-week mindfulness-based counselling programme, while the control group continued with regular school activities. Data were collected using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Adolescents and the School Engagement Scale. The instruments were validated by experts in Guidance and Counselling Unit, Educational Psychology Unit and Research, Measurement and Evaluation Unit, Department of Educational Foundations, University of Jos. Reliability of the instruments was done and gave 0.82 and 0.79 respectively. Data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The findings revealed that mindfulness-based counselling significantly improved students’ emotional regulation by enhancing self-awareness, emotional control, attention regulation and stress management. The treatment also significantly increased students’ academic engagement in terms of classroom participation, concentration, motivation and commitment to learning activities. Furthermore, the study found significant differences between the experimental and control groups in favour of students exposed to mindfulness-based counselling. The study concluded that mindfulness-based counselling is an effective therapeutic intervention for improving emotional regulation and academic engagement among secondary school students in Jos metropolis. Based on the findings, it was recommended that school counsellors, educational psychologists and school administrators should integrate mindfulness-based counselling programmes into secondary school counselling services to promote students’ emotional well-being and academic functioning.

CREATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIAN THEATRE: A CASE STUDY OF THE SEIDE-OTU CULTURAL TROUPE, BAYELSA STATE

Fred Mayford , Weridonghan, Ernest Jackson, Banabo, Ekankumo Alexander — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study looks at how creative entrepreneurship supports cultural practice and livelihoods in Nigerian theatre, using a case study of the Seide-otu Cultural Troupe in Bayelsa State. The research, which uses a qualitative methodology of purposeful interviews and participant observation and is based on cultural entrepreneurship theory, documents the troupe's entrepreneurial strategies: diversified revenue streams (sponsorships, merchandise, workshops), community-centred programming, cost management through local networks, and digital marketing via social media platforms. The findings reveal that these strategies allow the group to retain and reinterpret Ijaw performing traditions while increasing audience reach, generating revenue, and giving youth training and employment. The study also finds structural barriers to growth and sustainability, such as insufficient finance, inadequate infrastructure, minimal policy protection, and heavy rivalry from mainstream entertainment. It concludes with policy and practice recommendations, including targeted public funding and infrastructure investment, strengthened regulatory protections for performance contracts, capacity-building partnerships between universities and troupes, and increased corporate sponsorship to support cultural tourism and local development. According to the study, these approaches will increase theatre's role in Nigeria's creative economy while also promoting cultural sustainability in the Niger Delta.

TEAMWORK AND INNOVATIVENESS OF INSURANCE FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Okwu, Okuchi Golda — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This “study examined the relationship between teamwork and innovativeness of insurance firms in Rivers State. The study specifically examined the relationship between collaboration and innovativeness as well as accountability and innovativeness of insurance firms in Rivers State. The study adopted the Resource Based View Theory and employed a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 60 managers from 10 insurance firms in Port Harcourt, while data were collected through a structured questionnaire titled Teamwork and Innovativeness Index (TWII). Fifty-three copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 25.0. Findings revealed that collaboration has a significant positive relationship with innovativeness (r = 0.620; p < 0.01), while accountability also has a significant positive relationship with innovativeness (r = 0.611; p < 0.01) in insurance firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that teamwork through effective collaboration and accountability significantly enhances innovativeness by promoting idea sharing, responsibility, operational efficiency, and improved service delivery within insurance firms. The study recommended that management of insurance firms should encourage regular interdepartmental collaboration and establish clear accountability systems to improve innovative capability and organizational” performance.

AN ASSESSMENT OF VIGILANTE GROUPS EFFECTIVENESS IN CURBING HERDSMEN VIOLENCE AND KIDNAPPING IN DELTA STATE: A STUDY OF ETHIOPE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA.

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study assesses the effectiveness of vigilante groups in curbing herdsmen violence and kidnapping in Delta State, with particular focus on Ethiope East Local Government Area. The increasing cases of violent clashes between herdsmen and local communities, alongside the rising incidents of kidnapping, have posed severe threats to peace, security, and socio-economic development in the region. The inability of conventional security agencies to adequately address these challenges has led to the emergence and reliance on vigilante groups as complementary security actors in many rural and semi-urban communities. Routine Activity Theory was used to explain the roles and effectiveness of the roles vigilante groups are playing in the war against herdsmen violence and kidnapping in Ethiope East Local Government Area. Simple percentage and chi- square was used to test the hypotheses while 482 sampled respondents completed a structured questionnaire that was used to collect data from respondents. The study finds that vigilante groups have played major roles in the war against herdsmen violence and kidnapping in Ethiope east. The study also finds that vigilante groups deployed strategies against herdsmen violence and kidnapping in Ethiope East Local Government Area is helping to reduce the frequent activities of herdsmen violence and kidnapping in Ethiope East Local Government Area. The study recommend among others the need for Government to provide adequate training, modern security gadgets, and financial support to vigilante groups in Ethiope East Local Government Area to enhance their effectiveness in combating herdsmen violence and kidnapping.

CORRUPTION AS THE BANE OF PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA PUBLIC SERVICE AND CIVIL SERVICE (1999-DATE)

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Corruption is a complex attitude which debases a person, undermining his/her integrity, dignity li makes one less productive because of its compromising disposition. It manifests easily in the form of bribery i.e. offering of some gratification for underserved favor. Corruption is a complex phenomenon. The alarming rate of growth and the dysfunctional implication of bribery and corruption in the Public and Civil Service necessitated this study which aimed at discovering their causes and ways of curbing it at least. Bribery and Corruption manifest itself in virtually every facet of our public life and in effects does not blow our public service and civil service in particular any favorable wind. Some ministries were used as study namely Ministry of Justice Ministry of Petroleum, Ministry of transport. A survey research design and a simple random selection technique were used. Simple percentage was used to analyze the hypothesis funding of the cases and recommendation was known as Corruption has debased Nigeria's usage invariably political instability in Nigeria is out-come of corruption and discourages economic Initiative. The brain drain syndrome in Nigeria could be linked to corruption.

FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.

Graham-Kingsley Gift Imaonyani, Eke Promise — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

TASTE FORMATION AND CONSUMER PREFERENCE OF BISTROS IN PORT HARCOURT

I.A Kalio, Songo Lawson (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study empirically investigated the relationship between taste formation and consumer preference of bistros in Port Harcourt. The objective was to determine how local flavour, as a key dimension of taste formation, relates to consumer loyalty among patrons of bistros in Port Harcourt. The research adopted a correlational design in order to examine the strength and direction of the relationship between the study variables without manipulating them. The target population comprised customers who patronize bistros in Port Harcourt. Owing to the large and constantly changing customer base of these establishments, the population was considered infinite. Using the Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination table, a sample size of 384 respondents was selected. However, 328 properly completed questionnaires were retrieved and used for the final analysis. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire designed on a five-point Likert rating scale ranging from “Strongly Disagree” to “Strongly Agree.” The instrument measured local flavour as an indicator of taste formation and consumer loyalty as a dimension of consumer preference. The data obtained were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test the null hypothesis at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed a strong, positive, and statistically significant relationship between local flavour and customer loyalty of bistros in Port Harcourt. This indicates that the integration of local flavours into menu offerings enhances customer attachment and repeat patronage. Based on the findings, it was concluded that taste formation, particularly through the integration of local flavors, plays a significant role in shaping consumer preferences and fostering loyalty among patrons of bistros in Port Harcourt. Therefore, the study recommended that bistros in Port Harcourt should prioritize the incorporation of locally inspired flavors into their menu offerings and ensure consistency in taste quality.

Communication and Collaboration in Relationship to Time Management in Organisation

Gbafah Beauty Lemabari, PhD — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The job performance of secretaries in real estate companies is a key determinant of organizational efficiency, particularly in rapidly developing urban centres like Port Harcourt. Secretaries serve as administrative support, coordinating various tasks to ensure smooth business operations. In this context, their performance can be influenced by several factors, including their ability to interact with technology. Managerial attitudes, time management, and the nature of job rewards play significant roles in shaping their productivity (Brown, 2020). Managers' perceptions can affect the level of autonomy secretaries have, influencing their motivation and the extent to which they contribute to business outcomes (Smith, 2021). Meanwhile, time management either fosters or stifles innovation, creating environments that are either conducive or challenging for job success (Adams, 2019). Finally, job content and reward systems are critical to ensuring secretaries feel recognized for their contributions, but concerns persist over whether these rewards sufficiently motivate the administrative workforce (Thompson, 2022).

SALES PROMOTION STRATEGIES AND BRAND LOYALTY OF FMCG IN DELTA STATE

Asiagwu Catherine Ekene, Idenedo Otite Wisdom, Solomon, Obera Favour — Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between sales promotion strategies and brand loyalty among Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firms in Delta State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated the relationship between premium offers and brand loyalty, sampling and brand loyalty, and price-off promotions and brand loyalty. The population of the study comprised 34 FMCG companies operating in Asaba, Delta State. Three management staff members comprising the production manager and marketing manager from each company constituted the study’s sample, resulting in a total of 102 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, while hypotheses were tested using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant relationship between premium offers and brand loyalty, sampling and brand loyalty, and price-off promotions and brand loyalty. Based on these findings, the study concludes that sales promotion strategies significantly influence brand loyalty among FMCG firms in Delta State. Consequently, the study recommends that SMEs and brand managers should design and implement sales promotion strategies as part of an integrated marketing approach rather than as isolated short-term incentives. Given that premium offers and sampling foster stronger emotional and experiential connections with consumers, greater investment should be directed toward these tools. Price-off promotions, however, should be used cautiously to avoid conditioning consumers to expect continuous discounts.

The Sociolinguistics of Digital Identity: Digital Persona, Performance and Identity in Mediated Spaces

Aliyu Adaora E. A , Ikele Alochukwu. L. M — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the physical world, sociolinguistic identity is often signaled through what Goffman (1959) termed as sign-vehicles; the clothes we wear, our posture, and our physical surroundings. In the digital landscape, these physical markers are replaced by the Profile. The profile serves as a curated front stage, a semiotic space where the user strategically selects linguistic and visual tokens to signal belonging to specific social categories

Public Sector Audit Practice and Accountability of Federal Government Ministries in Nigeria

Ibehto Anthony A. — Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between public sector auditing practice and accountability in federal government ministries in Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the relationships between public sector audit dimensions financial audit, compliance audit, and performance audit and accountability outcomes, with emphasis on social accountability. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire administered to officers drawn from the twenty-six (26) federal ministries in Nigeria.
Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
regression techniques were employed to test the study’s hypotheses using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0).The findings reveal that financial audit exhibits a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with social accountability, while compliance audit and performance audit demonstrate positive and statistically significant relationships with social accountability. The results further indicate that adherence to auditing standards strengthens the effectiveness of public sector auditing in promoting accountability within federal government ministries. Consequently, the study recommends the sustained application of financial, compliance, and performance audits across federal ministries to enhance transparency and accountability. It further emphasizes the need for annual audits, strengthened institutional independence of audit units, and the recruitment and continuous training of qualified audit personnel to improve audit efficiency and public sector governance

COMPARATIVE IMPACT OF ADVANCE-ORGANIZER AND CONCEPT-MAPPING ON PERFORMANCE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF BIOLOGY IN TARABA, NIGERIA

Maikano Stanley, MUHAMMAD, Adamu Umar , Audu Tanko Christina, — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research investigated the impact of Advance Organizers (AO) and Concept Mapping (CM) on
the academic performance of secondary school biology students in genetics in the Jalingo Education
Zone, Taraba State, Nigeria. The research aimed to assess how these instructional strategies affect
students’ performance of genetics. The paper adopted a quasi-experimental design with intact
classes, utilizing pre-test and post-test data to measure performance gains. The sample comprised
150 students drawn from a population of 800 students drawn from eight randomly selected schools,
divided into two comparative experimental groups (AO) and (CM).Data analysis was conducted to
answer the research question using descriptive statistics and testing hypothesis with ANCOVA.
Results revealed that both AO and CM significantly enhanced students' academic performance, with
Concept Mapping showing a stronger impact. The paper concludes that incorporating AO and CM
into biology teaching can improve student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in
complex topics like genetics. Therefore AO and CM are recommended for teaching Biology at the
secondary school level.

SALARY AND EFFECTIVE INFORMATION CIRCULATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

EFFECT OF THINK-PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON JUNIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN JAMA’A, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Anthonia Dutse, Dr. Ayuba Bayara Kabang, Joseph Dansallah Hayatu — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the effect of think- pair-share strategy on Junior secondary two students’ Achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Jema'a, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study had three objectives, three research questions that guided the study and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study anchored on social constructivist theory of human learning by Vygotsky, 1978. A quasi-experimental design pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group was used. Population of the study was 1153 JS 2 students offering Basic Science and Technology for 2024/2025 academic section. A sample of 158 JS 2 Basic Science and Technology students from two schools were obtained using random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was Basic Science and Technology Achievement Test (BSTAT) . The instrument was validated by three experts, two in the Department of Science Education and Technology and one in the department of Educational Foundations, all from the University of Jos. The reliability was established using Kuder Richardson 20(KR-20) for BSTAT which yielded coefficient of 0.76. The experimental group was taught using think- pair -share strategy while the control group was taught using lecture method. The treatment lasted for six weeks. The students were given pre-test and post-test. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that there were significance differences in the mean academic achievement scores of students taught using think -pair-share strategy than those taught using lecture method, the findings also revealed that the strategy is gender friendly. It was recommended among others that seminars, workshops and conferences should be organized by school heads to orient Basic Science and Technology teachers on how to used think-pair- share strategy in teaching.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADOPTION AND JUDICIAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS PERFORMANCE

Akpelu Frankline Ekwueme , Agbo Joy Miebaka — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study ascertained the relationship between artificial intelligence adoption and judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to empirically unravel how artificial intelligence adoption relates with judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State in terms of accuracy and objectivity. The study adopted the cross-sectional explanatory survey research design. The target population of the study consisted of accessible two hundred and nine (209) respondents, which consisted of judicial officers, law enforcement officers, forensic analysts and IT experts, public prosecutors and legal practitioners, and court clerks and registrars, across Rivers State who are directly involved in handling computer forensics in the judicial system. The sample size of the study consisted of the entire population of two hundred and nine (209) respondents in the State. Hence, the study was a census research. The test of hypotheses was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0. Drawn from the analysis of data carried out, the study revealed that there is a very strong positive relationship between artificial intelligence adoption and judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State, especially in terms of accuracy and objectivity. The study concluded that adopting artificial intelligence has a strong and positive relationship with judicial forensic investigations, particularly in strengthening evidentiary accuracy, neutrality, and credibility. Among others, the study recommended that judicial institutions in Rivers State should invest strategically in advanced AI-driven forensic tools, such as machine learning algorithms for evidence classification, digital trace analysis, and pattern recognition, to enhance the precision and reliability of evidentiary findings.

EFFECT OF LOGISTIC INTER-OPERABILITY ON SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENCY: A MARKETING PERSPECTIVE

OKWUBALI, Success Ifeanyi, EHIMEN, Ughulu Samuel — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines how logistics interoperability influences supply chain efficiency within Nigerian logistics firms, with specific emphasis on marketing-related outcomes. Logistics interoperability is examined through four key dimensions: information sharing, technological integration, process standardization, and collaborative partnerships. A quantitative research approach was employed using survey data obtained from 80 logistics and marketing managers. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques were applied for data analysis. Findings indicate that the dimensions of logistics interoperability contribute positively to supply chain efficiency, with information sharing

and technological integration emerging as the most influential factors. The study concludes that logistics interoperability constitutes a critical strategic capability that enhances operational efficiency, improves customer value delivery, and strengthens competitive positioning. The study concludes that government and industry stakeholders should promote interoperability through supportive regulations and digital infrastructure development.

ENTREPRENUERIAL PROACTIVENESS AND MARKETING REVENUE ON INVESTMENT IN FINTECH IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

Adebayo Joshua Olaitan Ph.D — Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study empirically investigated the extent of relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and marketing revenue on investment in Fintech in South/South, Nigeria.
Descriptive research method was adopted to assess and achieve the goal. The study had 36 fintect firms population situated in the geographical zone of south/south, Nigeria. These firms are registered with CBN 2025. The study used primary data obtained through self-administered questionnaires with ten questionnaire per firm making the total of respondent 360. The questionnaires were validly and reliably tested and rested. The research questions were tested with descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was adopted to test hypotheses formulated via Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Findings of the study revealed a very strong relationship exist between entrepreneurial proactiveness and marketing revenue on investment in Fintech. The study concluded that marketing revenue on investment in fintech in South/South, Nigeria requires sustenance to be able to increase the sales and market share for revenue on the capital committed. The study recommends that financial service firms or institutions should take advantage of the increased use of Fintech in today business to form partnership with technology providers and provide financial services to users to drive marketing revenue on investment.

LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COMMITMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

ORISAH-GODFREY, Lillian Anyanagba, PhD — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between leadership communication strategy and administrative staff commitment in educational institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Shannon and Weaver’s Mathematical Theory of Communication and Bass and Avolio’s Full Range Leadership Model, the study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population comprised 312 administrative staff drawn from selected public tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample of 238 respondents was determined and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 (Cronbach alpha). Two null hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between the study variables. The study concluded that strategic leadership communication is a critical determinant of administrative staff commitment in tertiary educational institutions. It was recommended, among others, that educational administrators should institutionalise transparent, participative, and transformational communication frameworks to enhance staff commitment and institutional effectiveness.

WORKFORCE PLANNING AND ORGANISATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS IN NIGERIAN FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY

Dr. Victor Barinua — Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between workforce planning with specific focus on resource planning and competitive positioning and organizational competitiveness in the Nigerian food and beverage industry, measured through innovativeness and experienced workers. The objectives were to: (1) determine the relationship between resource planning and innovativeness, (2) examine the relationship between resource planning and experienced workers, (3) determine the relationship between competitive positioning and innovativeness, and (4) examine the relationship between competitive positioning and experienced workers. A qualitative research design was employed. The findings revealed that resource planning significantly enhances both innovativeness and retention of experienced workers, as efficient allocation of financial, human, and technological resources fosters creativity and reduces employee turnover. Similarly, competitive positioning positively influences innovativeness by encouraging differentiation strategies, brand uniqueness, and proactive market adaptation. Furthermore, competitive positioning was found to have a positive but varying degree of influence on the retention of experienced workers, as organizations with strong market positions tend to offer better incentives, work conditions, and career growth opportunities. The study concludes that workforce planning is a vital driver of competitive advantage in the Nigerian food and beverage industry.

CONTRIBUTION OF DONOR AGENCIES IN PROVISION OF FACILITIES ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

Nafiu Garba, S. M. Abdullahi , H. M. Barkindo — Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the contribution of donor agencies in the provision of facilities on the academic achievement of Financial Accounting students in secondary schools in Kano State. Specifically, the study had three objectives, three research questions and three null hypotheses respectively. The study used descriptive survey research design for the study. The population comprised of 11324 respondents which includes the principals, Financial Accounting teachers, and Senior Secondary II students in public secondary schools in Kano State. Out of these population a sample of 375 using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sampling technique respectively. A structured questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection, and the data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics respectively. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. While inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that The findings of the study revealed that there is a positive relationship between contribution of NGOs in classroom renovation and academic achievement of financial accounting students in Secondary Schools in Kano State, Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that there exists a strong relationship between the provision of educational facilities and the academic achievement of Financial Accounting students. Based on this, the study recommended that the State Government should also key in to classroom renovation as does by the non-governmental organizations. Because it was found to be positively related with students’ academic achievement in financial accounting in senior secondary schools in Kano State, Nigeria.

MOBILE APP TRANSACTIONS AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

Eke Promise, Innocent Okah — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of mobile app transactions (MAT) on economic sustainability in Nigeria. This study employed an ex-post facto research design. The population includes the entirety of the Nigerian economy represented by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), with a purposive sampling technique used to select a sample size of 12 years (2012-2023) annual observations. Data were collected through Secondary source. The collected Data were further analysed using descriptive statistics, Pairwise Granger Causality Tests, Variance Inflation Factors and Multiple Regression. Our study revealed that mobile app transactions significantly affect the Human Development Index in Nigeria. Hence, the study concluded that mobile app transactions (MAT) significantly affect economic sustainability in Nigeria. The study further suggested that the Nigerian government and private sector should continue to foster the widespread adoption of mobile payment systems, especially mobile app transactions, as they have been shown to positively affect human development outcomes. Also, given the positive effect of mobile app transactions on HDI, financial inclusion initiatives that emphasize mobile banking and mobile payment platforms should be expanded.

Keywords: Mobile App Transactions, Human Development Index.

INVESTIGATIVE ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES AND FINANCIAL CRIMES IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

Wofuru, Amadi – Robert (PhD) — Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the effect of investigative accounting techniques on financial crimes in the Nigerian public sector. Specifically, the study investigates the influence of investigative accounting on money laundering, payroll fraud, and asset misappropriation. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 350 respondents drawn from three key government agencies the Nigeria Police Force, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), and Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) out of which 334 valid responses were analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including simple and multiple regression techniques. Findings reveal that investigative accounting has a moderate, positive, and statistically significant effect on money laundering (β = 0.568, p < 0.05), payroll fraud (β = 0.589, p < 0.05), and asset misappropriation (β = 0.579, p < 0.05) in the Nigerian public sector. The results further indicate that investigative accounting enhances fraud detection, improves transparency, and strengthens accountability mechanisms within public institutions. The study concludes that investigative accounting is an effective tool for combating financial crimes in Nigeria’s public sector. It recommends the institutionalization of investigative accounting practices, improved training of personnel, and strengthening of legal and regulatory frameworks to enhance fraud detection and prevention. This study contributes to existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the relevance of investigative accounting in addressing financial crimes and promoting good governance in developing economies.

DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY AND VENTURE SUSTAINABILITY OF HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Nkasiobi Otuonye Okocha, Iheanyichukwu Godwin Amakor, Igbudu Chimdi Felix — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between differentiation strategy and venture sustainability of hotel firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Differentiation strategy was conceptualised through two dimensions: service quality differentiation and brand image differentiation, while venture sustainability was measured using customer retention rate and financial performance stability. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising registered three-star and above hotels operating in Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 96 top and middle management staff directly involved in strategic planning and service delivery. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between service quality differentiation and customer retention rate (r = .704, p < .01), and between brand image differentiation and financial performance stability (r = .683, p < .01). The study concludes that differentiation strategy is a critical driver of venture sustainability in the hotel industry. It is recommended that hotel firms improve service quality differentiation through continuous staff training and consistent service excellence to strengthen customer retention, while developing strong brand image differentiation through targeted marketing and unique service positioning to ensure financial performance stability.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND URBAN DRAINAGE BLOCKAGE AS DRIVERS OF FLOOD RISK IN YENAGOA METROPOLIS

Tarelayefa Clarke — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated solid waste management practices and urban drainage blockage as drivers of flood risk in Yenagoa Metropolis. The study was carried out in Yenagoa Metropolis, with a focus on communities like Yenagoa, Ekeki, Amaratha, Okaka, Swali, Azikoro, Agudama, Biogbolo Epic, Opoo, Onopa, Igbogene, and Kpansia Epic. The study employed a descriptive survey and correlational research designs. The study’s population consisted of 352,285 residents. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select the respondents in areas where solid waste was produced or found prominently, across the selected communities in the study area. Solid Waste Management Practices and Urban Drainage Blockage Questionnaire (SWMPUDBQ) and “Solid Waste Management Practices and Flood Risk Questionnaire (SWMPFRQ)” were used to gather data. The instrument underwent validation and reliability testing, achieving a reliability coefficient of SWMPUDBQ = 0.834 and SWMPFRQ = 0.816 through the Cronbach’s Alpha method. The research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, as well as Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC), whereas the hypotheses were tested using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and PPMC at a 0.05 level of significance. The study's results indicated, among others, that while residents demonstrate some level of proper waste management practices, improper disposal methods are still prevalent in Yenagoa Metropolis. The corresponding hypothesis revealed that there is no noteworthy disparity in solid waste management practices among residents across different neighbourhoods in Yenagoa Metropolis. The study concluded that while residents of Yenagoa Metropolis demonstrate some level of awareness and engagement in proper solid waste management practices, improper disposal methods such as open dumping, burning, and disposal into drains remain prevalent due to inadequate waste collection services and limited access to waste bins. The study recommended, among others, that waste management authorities should improve the efficiency and coverage of waste collection services and ensure the provision of adequate and accessible waste bins across all neighbourhoods to discourage indiscriminate waste disposal.

FOOD SECURITY AND CROP GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN MONGUNO, NIGERIA

Hussaini Mai — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between crop genetic diversity and food security among smallholder farming households in Monguno Local Government Area (LGA), Borno State, northeast Nigeria — a post-conflict agrarian community embedded in the ecologically stressed Lake Chad Basin. Thirteen years of Boko Haram/ISWAP insurgency have devastated agricultural systems, eroded traditional seed banks, disrupted agronomic knowledge transmission, and displaced farming communities, creating one of sub-Saharan Africa's most acute food security crises. Against this backdrop, the study investigates whether and how the diversity of crop genetic material cultivated by smallholder farmers mediates household-level food security outcomes. Employing a cross-sectional mixed-methods design, data were collected from 396 smallholder farming households selected through stratified random sampling. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), the Food Consumption Score (FCS), and a Crop Diversity Index (CDI) were used as primary measurement instruments. Regression analysis, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index calculations, and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) techniques — including transect walks, seasonal calendars, and seed-system mapping — were deployed for analysis. Results reveal that Monguno's smallholder farmers cultivate a mean of 4.2 crop species per household (CDI=0.61), significantly below the pre-conflict estimate of 9.3 species — a 55% erosion in on-farm crop genetic diversity attributable predominantly to conflict-induced displacement and seed-system breakdown. Crop diversity is a statistically significant positive predictor of household food security (β=0.387, p<.001), dietary diversity (β=0.342, p<.001), and resilience to climatic shocks (β=0.314, p<.001), after controlling for farm size, household composition, access to markets, and conflict exposure. Qualitative findings illuminate how traditional seed exchange networks, women's seed custodianship roles, and indigenous crop knowledge — all severely disrupted by conflict — served as the primary mechanisms sustaining crop diversity and food security in the pre-conflict era. The study recommends the immediate establishment of a Community Seed Bank (CSB) in Monguno, integration of agrobiodiversity conservation into humanitarian agricultural recovery programmes, and gender-sensitive seed system restoration policies aligned with Nigeria's National Agricultural Technology and Innovation Policy (NATIP) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

PROACTIVE CRISIS PREPAREDNESS AND PATIENT SAFETY OUTCOMES IN PUBLIC TEACHING HOSPITALS IN RIVERS STATE

Barikor Livinus Baribuma, Jacob, Madighi, Ph.D — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study “examined the relationship between proactive crisis preparedness and patient safety outcomes in public teaching hospitals in Rivers State. Patient safety outcomes, measured in terms of patient satisfaction and error reduction, are critical indicators of healthcare quality, especially in complex hospital environments characterized by high patient volumes and increasing clinical risks. The study was guided by the High Reliability Organization (HRO) Theory, which emphasizes anticipation, continuous monitoring, and error prevention in high-risk settings. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, using a sample of 80 respondents drawn from University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, including doctors, nurses, hospital administrators, and emergency unit staff. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Proactive Crisis Preparedness and Patient Safety Outcomes Index (PCPPSOI) and analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation at 0.01 significance level. Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between proactive crisis preparedness and patient satisfaction (r = 0.502, p < 0.01) as well as error reduction (r = 0.635, p < 0.01). This implies that hospitals with stronger crisis preparedness systems experience improved patient satisfaction and fewer medical errors. The study concludes that proactive crisis preparedness enhances patient safety outcomes by improving coordination, communication, and responsiveness in both routine and emergency care situations. It recommends that hospital management should strengthen crisis planning through regular drills, clear role assignment, and continuous updating of emergency response plans. Additionally, patient safety checks such as standardized protocols, effective communication systems, and incident reporting mechanisms should be embedded in daily hospital operations to minimize errors and enhance” care quality.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES ON NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES IN NORTH EAST, NIGERIA

BALA, Yakubu, Prof. MOHAMMED, Abba PhD, MOHAMMED, Buba Modibbo PhD — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of entrepreneurial competencies on non-financial performance of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in North-East Nigeria. The study had two objectives, two research questions, and two null hypotheses. A quantitative research design utilizing a survey approach was adopted for the study. The target population comprised registered manufacturing SMEs in North-East Nigeria, covering Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba, and Yobe States. A sample size of 306 SME managers was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire Entrepreneurial Competencies on Non-Financial Performance of SMEs Questionnaires (ECNFPSMESQ) developed by the researcher to measure entrepreneurial competencies (organizing and opportunity competencies), and non-financial performance of SME. The instrument was validated, and reliability was established using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.883. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, while inferential statistics of linear regression was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that all competencies exhibit moderate influence on non-financial performance. The study concludes that entrepreneurial competencies are critical drivers of non-financial performance of SMEs in North-East Nigeria. It was recommended that SME managers should strengthen and develop and organizing and opportunity competencies to enhance overall business performance, while policymakers should design integrated support programs that promote both entrepreneurial competency development.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION (EO) AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA.

Banabo, Ekankumo — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and Business Success of Food and Beverages Firms in South-South, Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study was a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of this study was consisting of two hundred and eight (208) food and beverage firms in south-south region of Nigeria as retrieved from Nigerian Food and Beverage Industry Report (2023) and business directory. The census approach enabled the researcher to study the entire population with a focus on the managerial staff (Marketing manager, Accounting Managers, and operations manager). To generate data for the study, the questionnaire was distributed in the frame of three (3) copies per firm. A total of six hundred and twenty-four (624) respondents was used as the study subjects. The instrument used in this study was a structured questionnaire. The descriptive analysis was done using descriptive statistics which include mean and standard deviation. The inferential analysis which serves the purpose of hypotheses testing was done using spearman rank order correlation Coefficient at 0.01 significance level. The partial correlation was used to analyses the controlling variable which is organizational culture. All analysis for this study was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between Entrepreneurial orientation (Innovativeness, Proactiveness, Risk Taking) and Business Success(financial success, social success, market success) of Food and Beverages Firms in South-South, Nigeria with Organizational Culture as a moderating variable. The study concluded that firms with a high level of entrepreneurial orientation tend to achieve greater success across financial, social, and market measures. The study recommended among others that Food and beverage firms should create an environment that encourages creativity and experimentation among employees to drive product innovation.

ESTABLISHMENT OF LOCAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA: A MULTI-CENTRE DOSE ASSESSMENT STUDY

Egagifo O, Akpolile, A.F, Omamoke O. E. Enaroseha, Agbajor G.K — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are for optimizing radiation protection. However, data from low- and middle-income countries are under-represented with no current DRLs for conventional radiography in Nigeria, to establish local multi-centre DRLs for common radiographic examinations in Delta State, Nigeria, a study in three government hospitals (761 adults, mean age 45.4±18.0 years) measured Entrance skin dose (ESD), Kerma-area product (KAP), and absorbed dose to the abdomen, chest, lumbosacral spine, pelvis and skull using a calibrated Unfor Multi-O-Meter 710L. Quality control (QC) tests were done following the IAEA protocols. The DRLs were set at the 75th percentile of the ESD distributions. All QC parameters were within the international limits. The mean ESD was significantly different between facilities (1.49–2.65 mGy). Proposed DRLs (75th percentile) are: abdomen 3.08 mGy, chest PA 0.53 mGy, lumbosacral spine 4.09 mGy, pelvis 3.99 mGy and skull 2.06 mGy which is much lower than the IAEA guidance levels (e.g., 10.0 mGy for the abdomen/pelvis). ESD correlated highly with mAs (r=0.878).These preliminary DRLs for Delta State represent evidence-based benchmarks below international levels. Even though QC was acceptable, the large inter-facility dose variation underscores the urgent need for protocol standardization and ongoing staff training in dose optimization, not just equipment compliance.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENT FOR ASSESSING STUDENTS’ PRACTICAL SKILLS IN SUSPENSION SYSTEM IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to develop and validate an instrument for Assessing Students’ Practical Skills in Suspension System (IASPSSS) at Technical Colleges in North East-Nigeria. Five purposes and five research questions guided the study. The study employed an instrumentation research design. The population of the study consisted of 556 respondents, including 58 motor vehicle mechanics work (MVMW) teachers and 498 National Technical Certificate (NTC) III MVMW students. Five experts validated and five MVMW teachers rated the instrument. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 NTC III MVMW students from the six sampled school. All the 14 MVMW teachers in the sampled schools were used as an assessors. The data generated were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation., and Factor Analysis was conducted for construct validation. Reliability of the instrument was determine using Cronbach Alpha. The respondents agreed that all the four identified task areas on suspension system existed in NBTE NTC curriculum with an average cumulative mean of 3.99 and standard deviation of 0.69, indicating a high level of agreement. The 34 students’ practical skills items were rated as "Appropriate," with an overall cumulative mean of 4.09 and standard deviation of 0.67, indicating a high level of agreement among the respondents. Factor analysis was performed to validate the IASPSSS and it confirmed four major task skills areas accounted 92.12% of the total variance explained, with eigenvalues for these skill areas exceeding 1. These findings meet the required criteria, thereby confirming the validity of the instrument. Likewise, the instrument demonstrated high reliability, with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.99 based on the scores of 60 students rated by 14 teachers. It was therefore recommended for adoption for NABTEB, WAEC, and NECO for certification and use by MVMW teachers in Technical Colleges.

PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NJURU COMMUNITY THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Sir Dr Joseph Dada Obele . (ND, PD, BSc, PGD, MBA, MSc, PhD) — Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sustainable development involves meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). One of the most effective tools for achieving sustainable development is entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship creates jobs, reduces poverty, stimulates innovation, promotes self-reliance, and enhances community development (Schumpeter, 1934; Drucker, 1985). For Njuru Community and other communities in Eleme Kingdom, entrepreneurship offers a practical pathway to human capital development, economic empowerment, and sustainable growth.

STRATEGIC DIVERSIFICATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF CONGLOMERATE ORGANISATIONS IN RIVERS STATE

Nlemaa Aleelo Agabe, Barikor Livinus Baribuma — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between strategic diversification and organisational performance of conglomerate organisations in Rivers State. The motivation for the study arose from persistent performance challenges among conglomerates, including declining market share, reduced profitability, and operational inefficiencies, despite the adoption of diversification strategies. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, with a population of twelve conglomerate organisations and one hundred and forty-four top-level management staff selected through a census approach. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, while Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was employed to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that concentric diversification has a strong positive and significant relationship with market share (r = 0.681, p = 0.000), conglomerate diversification is positively and significantly related to profitability (r = 0.703, p = 0.000), and horizontal diversification shows a significant positive relationship with organisational efficiency (r = 0.692, p = 0.000). These results indicate that strategic diversification plays a critical role in enhancing overall organisational performance when properly implemented. The study concluded that different dimensions of diversification contribute uniquely to performance outcomes and that effective coordination of diversified business units is essential for achieving optimal results. Based on the findings, it was recommended that conglomerate organisations should adopt related diversification strategies to strengthen market position, pursue carefully managed conglomerate diversification to enhance profitability, and implement horizontal diversification to improve operational efficiency and resource utilisation.

DIGITAL OUTCAST AND TEACHERS COMMITMENT IN GOVERNMENT-OWNED UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA.

Silas-Dikibo, Ingigha Deborah — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between digital outcast and teacher’s commitment in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. The explanatory cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted twenty-four thousand, seven hundred and ninety (24790) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After the application of Taro Yamene formula, the sample size of the study was three hundred and ninety-four (394) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After validation by the supervisors and two other experts in the Department of Office and Information Management, Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument. A total of three hundred and ninety-four (394) copies of the questionnaire was administered to the respondents by the researcher with the help of two research assistants and 352 copies were retrieved. The univariate analysis was carried out using mean and standard deviation, while the bivariate analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0. The Partial Correlation was used to run the multivariate analysis. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses one to nine, while hypothesis ten was tested using Partial Correlations. The findings revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between dimensions of digital fluency, such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and digital outcasts and measures of teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, such as teaching effectiveness, research output/publications, and teaching commitment. The study concluded that sustained investment in digital infrastructure, continuous staff technological development, and inclusive digital transformation policies are essential for enhancing teaching staff performance and advancing the global competitiveness, innovation, and sustainability of government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended amongst others that the management of universities in South-South, Nigeria should establish advanced digital innovation hubs within faculties to encourage digitally fluent lecturers to develop technology-driven teaching models, virtual research collaborations, and multimedia instructional resources that can further enhance teaching effectiveness and research productivity.

MARKETING AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES OF SUBSIDY REMOVAL IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Azuonwu, Benneth Elekwachi1, Dr. Tumba, Monday — Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

According to Ovaga and Okechukwu (2022), a fuel subsidy is a government discount on the market price of fossil fuels that lowers the price that customers must pay. Customers would pay less than the market price per liter of the petroleum product when subsidies are in effect. Fuel subsidies are a topic of discussion worldwide due to their enormous magnitude and impact on the welfare of citizens and a country's financial stability. The size of global fossil fuel subsidies is expected to rise from $325 billion in 2018 to $1 trillion in 2022, according to the International Energy Agency. This amount is significantly larger than the total amount of money that governments in developing countries make, as well as the $204 billion that international aid is expected to provide in 2022. This has prompted demands that the worldwide fossil fuel subsidy be eliminated so that the money saved may be used to help the weak and impoverished in developing nations that require humanitarian
aid (Couharde and Mouhoud, 2020; Ozili and Ozen, 2021). However, the idea that the fossil fuel subsidy is a type of help since it lowers the cost of fuel for the poor makes its removal controversial.
Notwithstanding this positive argument, a substantial body of research demonstrates the detrimental effects of fuel subsidies, such as the rise in air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (Sweeney, 2020), traffic jams (McCulloch, Moerenhout, and Yang, 2021), traffic accidents and untimely deaths (Parry, Black, and Vernon, 2021), lost tax revenue (Sweeney, 2020), and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. (McCulloch, Moerenhout and Yang, 2021)

EFFECTS OF TACTILE MODEL ON SENIOR SECONDARY ONE STUDENTS’ WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT’ ATTITUDE IN BIOLOGY IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Sani Danladi, Dr. Friday John, Prof. Felicia O. Agbo — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of tactile models on students with Visual Impairments’ learning attitude towards Biology. This study intends to assists Biology teachers to use tactile models effectively in the classrooms to get a satisfactory learning out-come from students’ with Visual Impairment in senior secondary schools. The study was conducted in Plateau State Senior Secondary one students with Visual Impairment, the study used an integrate approach from several relevant psycho-educational theories with a frame work of subsequent reflections that derived effective results. The tactile models were locally designed and used as instructional models from an integrated view point. The models were examined for their validity and reliability as well as their capacity for assessing students’ attitude towards Biology. They were involved in teaching and learning process at Senior Secondary Schools, data were collected and analysed and the results revealed that the students’ perception and learning with tactile models have a positive and significant effect on the students’ attitude. Also, they were found to be useful tools for conducting formative evaluation of the teaching and learning process, because they allow students’ attitude to be captured and compared across different dimensions. The study adopted quasi experimental research design using pre-test, post-test control groups without randomization. The research study was conducted on two groups of students in senior secondary one (VI) students in Plateau State. (Experimental and control controlled groups) the two groups were pre-tested and after administering the intervention, the two groups were post-tested. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the two arms of the intact classes. The sample used comprises of 10 male and female students with Visual Impairments, hypotheses were formulated and questionnaires were administered at the beginning of the lesson and the students’ attitude towards Biology was measured. Pre-test and post-test were done on the students at the end of the lesson to assess their attitude towards Biology. The study shows that after the students with Visual Impairments in the experimental group passed through the tactile models intervention, their attitude towards Biology improved and they also performed well in Biology.

HUMAN RESOURCE COST AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF QUOTED BANKS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Amadi-Robert, Wofuru — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined human resource cost and the quality of financial report of commercial banks in Nigeria. The general objective was to examine if human resource cost on quality of financial of financial report while the specific objective is to examine the effect of wages and salaries, employee development cost, employee benefit cost and human resource acquisition. Cross sectional data was sourced from financial statement of fifteen quoted bank value relevance of financial reporting, timeliness of financial reporting and comparability of financial report was used as dependent variable while wages and salaries, employee development cost, employee benefit cost and human resource acquisition. Ordinary least square method of cointgration, unit root and granger causality test was used to determine the extent to which human resource cost affect quality of financial report. After cross examination of the validity of the pooled effect, fixed effect and the random effect, the study accepts the fixed effect model. Model I found that the independent variable explains 77 % and 74 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 0.9004 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient of the variables shows that wages and salaries have negative effect while employee benefit cost, development cost and acquisition cost have positive effect on timeliness of financial reports. The T-Statistics and the probability value justify that the variables are statistically significant. Model II found that the independent variable explains 72 % and 50.7 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 2.141 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient shows that salaries and wages and employee development cost have positive effect on the dependent variables while human resource acquisition cost and benefit cost have negative effect timeliness of financial reports. The t- statistics and probability found that the independent variables are statistically not significant. Model III found that the independent variable explains 58 % and 549 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 1.573 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient shows that all the independent variable has positive effect on timeliness of financial reports except human resource acquisition cost. The t- statistics and probability found that development and benefit cost are significant while acquisition and wages and salaries are not significant. we recommend that Commercial banks should embark on employee development and career management programs to assist their employees in career planning and cost. Commercial banks should increase wages and salaries of employees and management should be able to realize a return on investment.

MEDIA CREDIBILITY AND CUSTOMER RETENTION OF RADIO STATIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explored media credibility and customer retention of radio stations in Rivers State. The study adopted the positivism research philosophy and the correlational research design. The population of the study consisted of 753 customers of licensed radio stations in Rivers State. A sample size of 261 customers was selected for the study. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamene’s formula. The accidental sampling technique was to select the sample from the study population. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed statistically while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC). The SPSS version 24.0 was used for the bivariate analyses. The findings revealed that media trust has a significant relationship with repeat patronage of radio stations in Rivers State. The study also found a significant relationship between media trust and customer loyalty of radio stations in Rivers State. A significant relationship was equally reported between media integrity and repeat patronage of radio stations in Rivers State. The study also discovered a significant relationship between media integrity and customer loyalty of radio stations in Rivers State. From the findings, it was concluded that media credibility significantly relate to customer retention of radio stations in Rivers State. Therefore, it was recommended that radio stations in Rivers State especially those whose customers have defected to their rivals should consistently deliver what they promised, build trust and maintain their integrity as this would not help to build their credibility but also increase their customer retention rate.

EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE THERAPY ON MANAGING DYSLEXIA AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

Grace Onyowo Ugboha, Nwanyinnaya Charity Williams — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluated the effects of a brief cognitive therapy (CT) intervention on reading fluency, reading anxiety, and academic self-concept among senior secondary students with dyslexia in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. The research adopted the quasi-experimental design of non-equivalent groups design. The pre-test, and post-test control group was used. The target population for this study was 600 students. The sample of this study comprised 39 students made up of 22 females and 17 males from three public schools in Jos metropolis were assigned to an 8-week cognitive therapy intervention (n=22) and standard remedial instruction (n=17). Two specific objectives and two research questions guided the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance in this study. Reading fluency was assessed via the Reading Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (RASA), and academic self-concept via the Academic Self-Description Questionnaire (ASDQ). Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and ANCOVA. Preliminary findings indicate statistically significant improvements in reading fluency, and reductions in reading anxiety among the cognitive therapy group compared to controls. No significant change was observed in overall academic self-concept, suggesting longer intervention may be needed. Cognitive therapy shows promise as a feasible, low-cost tool for supporting dyslexic learners in Nigerian secondary schools. Findings call for teacher training reforms and integration of cognitive therapy modules into existing special-needs curricular to enhance inclusive education outcomes.

AN ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY FARMERS TO CLIMATE-INDUCED AGRICULTURAL CHALLENGES IN BAYELSA STATE

Dr. Numoipre Inaife, Epem Ubodiom, Moses Ovieme Lawal — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity and food security, particularly in vulnerable regions like the Niger Delta. This study provided an assessment of the local adaptation strategies employed by farmers in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, to mitigate climate-induced agricultural challenges. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, utilizing data from both primary and secondary sources. The study equally employed the use of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as template of analysis. The findings revealed that farmers are experiencing notable climatic disruptions, including unpredictable rainfall patterns, increased frequency of floods, and rising temperatures, which have led to crop failure, soil degradation, and reduced yields. In response, farmers have developed and implemented a range of local adaptation strategies. Key strategies identified include the adoption of flood-resistant crop varieties, the use of floating beds (traditional integrated farming systems), diversification of livelihoods (e.g., combining farming with fishing), and adjustments in planting schedules. However, the study also found that the effectiveness of these strategies is constrained by several factors, such as limited access to climate information, poor state of infrastructure, and a lack of financial resources. The research recommended the integration of local adaptation practices into formal agricultural extension services and the urgent provision of climate-resilient infrastructure to bolster the adaptive capacity of farmers in Bayelsa State. It concluded that while indigenous knowledge and local innovation are crucial for resilience, they are insufficient without external support.

FAMILY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND ADOLESCENT ENGAGEMENT IN RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN KHANA LGA IN RIVERS STATE

Obindah Fortune — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the influence of family socioeconomic status on adolescent engagement in risky sexual behavior in Khana Local Government Area, Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the relationship between parental income and parental education with adolescents’ involvement in behaviors such as early sexual initiation, multiple sexual partners, and unprotected sex. A descriptive survey design was adopted, and the population comprised 12,500 adolescents aged 13–19 years attending public and private secondary schools in the area. Using stratified random sampling, 380 respondents were selected. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, which was pilot-tested and found reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82). Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, were used to summarize respondents’ demographic characteristics and responses. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to examine the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between parental income and adolescent engagement in risky sexual behavior (r = 0.421, p < 0.01), indicating that adolescents from lower-income families were more likely to engage in risky sexual practices. Parental education showed a significant negative relationship with risky sexual behavior (r = -0.358, p < 0.01), suggesting that higher parental education reduces adolescents’ likelihood of engaging in unsafe sexual practices. The study concluded that both economic and educational resources within the family are critical in shaping adolescents’ sexual behavior. Based on the findings, it recommended improving family economic stability, enhancing parental knowledge and communication, providing adolescent-friendly sexual health education, and increasing access to reproductive health services. These interventions are essential for reducing the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among adolescents in Khana LGA and similar contexts.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKET FOCUS AND VENTURE WELL-BEING OF HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

Barr. Bernard Nwekeala, Ph.D — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between Entrepreneurial Market Focus And The Venture Well- Being of Hotels in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated how two dimensions of market focus—opportunity focus and customer focus relate with Venture Well-Being of hotels. Guided by the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, the study adopted a quantitative survey design. Data were collected from 74 hotel operators and managers in 30 hotels using structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The findings revealed a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between opportunity focus and venture well-being (r = 0.723, p < 0.01), and a moderate but significant relationship between customer focus and venture well-being (r = 0.478, p < 0.01). These results suggest that hotels that actively seek market opportunities and maintain a customer centric orientation are more likely to experience long-term success, adaptability, and stakeholder satisfaction. The study concluded that integrating opportunity-seeking behavior with strong customer engagement is essential for achieving and sustaining venture well-being in the competitive hospitality sector. Furthermore, the study recommended that hotels should institutionalize opportunity scanning mechanisms such as regular market trend analysis, competitor intelligence systems, and customer feedback loops to proactively identify new service areas, customer segments, and business models.

IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

West Jenbarimiema, PhD — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the impact of performance-based assessment (PBA) on student

learning outcomes in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The objectives were to determine

the extent of PBA implementation, examine its effect on academic achievement, assess its

impact on higher-order skills, and investigate its influence on students’ motivation, academic

resilience, and self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with treatment

and control groups, complemented by descriptive surveys, was employed. Data were

collected from 420 undergraduate students and 30 lecturers using achievement tests,

performance rubrics, questionnaires, and observation checklists. The findings showed that

PBA was variably implemented but significantly improved academic achievement, higherorder skills, and psychosocial outcomes compared with traditional assessment. Students in

the treatment group demonstrated greater gains in problem-solving, communication,

application of knowledge, motivation, resilience, and self-efficacy. The study concludes that

PBA is an effective approach for enhancing both cognitive and affective learning outcomes

and recommends institutional support, lecturer training, resource provision, and ongoing

monitoring to maximize its impact.

E-EMPLOYEE RESOURCING AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE COMMISSION IN RIVERS STATE

Charity Chinasa Njoku, Ezeocha Ihuoma Chigoziri — Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined E-Employee Resourcing and Organizational Success of Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. Three specific objectives and research hypotheses were stated in line. This study was anchored on three Existence, Relatedness and Growth (ERG), Resource-based theory (RBT) and Resource-Based View (RBV). The cross-sectional survey research design was adopted in this study. The population of this analysis consists of 500 employees from the Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire, the instrument was validated by the supervisor and two other experts in the field of Office and Information Management. The statistical tool used for testing the hypotheses were Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis formula with statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. The findings show that at level significance 0.05, that E- Employee Resourcing and Organizational Success has a positive significant relationship. The study concluded that all the dimensions of independent variable - e-recruiting, e-selecting and e-retention positively influences the organizational success of Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that Chairman of the Commission, Permanent Secretary, Director of Administration, Local Government Chairmen, HPM and HLGA of the Commission, HPM and HLGA should use various digital tools, such as online assessments, video interviews, and automated resume screening, to evaluate candidates' skills, qualifications, and suitability for the job.

ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AND TEAM PERFORMANCE IN OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT

Orukwo, Blessing Amaka — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and team performance in oil firms in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. The Researcher adopted a quasi-experimental design. The target population of the study consisted of 800 staff of ten (10) oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt, while a sample size of 266 was derived from the target population using Taro Yamene formula of sample size determination. Primary data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using tables, simple percentages, Mean score rating, standard deviation, while the Hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The findings revealed amongst others that there is a strong positive significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. It was concluded that there is a strong positive significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that; to improve team performance, management of oil firms should consider encouraging and promoting all the three constructs of organizational citizenship behavior. Management of oil firms need to encourage casual employees to embrace goodwill at the workplace whether the conditions are not highly desirable, by not complaining about the status.

NONOIL TAX REVENUE AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.

Eke Promise, PhD , Usutu Sunny Ikechukwu — Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the relationship between non-oil tax revenue and infrastructural development in Nigeria, employing an ex-post facto research design using historical data from 2000 to 2023. The population included key sectors of the Nigerian economy, such as the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), education, and health sectors. A purposive sampling technique was used to select annual observations from each year, resulting in 24 observations. Secondary data were collected, and data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Moderated Multiple Regression (MMR) using SPSS Version 25. The results revealed that the relationships between Value Added Tax (VAT) and both healthcare and education infrastructure were weak and statistically insignificant. However, Capital Gains Tax (CGT) showed moderate positive and statistically significant relationships with healthcare and education infrastructure. Government policy significantly moderated the relationships between non-oil tax revenue and both healthcare and education infrastructure. The study concluded that effective government policies are critical in maximizing the impact of non-oil tax revenues on infrastructural development. Recommendations include strengthening government tax policies, improving transparency in tax collection, and implementing targeted fiscal policies to enhance the efficient use of tax revenue for infrastructure growth in Nigeria.

EFFECTS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN PHYSICS

Mohammed U. Degereji, PhD, Esaduwha Stanley Obukohwo, Luka I. Gaya — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Information and communication technology (ICT) integration has become a revolutionary force in education, changing teaching and learning methods all around the world. At the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) level, this study examines how ICT-based instruction affects students' academic performance and retention in physics. Forty students were divided into experimental and control groups using a quasi-experimental approach. While the control group was instructed using traditional lecture techniques, the experimental group received training using ICT resources including simulations and multimedia presentations. Findings revealed no significant difference between groups on the pre-test, confirming baseline equivalence. However, post-test results showed that students taught with ICT achieved significantly higher scores than those taught conventionally (t = 4.92, p < .05). Retention test outcomes further indicated that ICT-based instruction enhanced long-term understanding of physics concepts (t = 2.91, p < .05). These results demonstrate that ICT fosters improved performance and sustained retention in physics learning.
The study concludes that ICT integration is a vital strategy for addressing persistent challenges in Nigerian physics education, including low achievement and poor retention.

HARD HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ALIGNMENT AND ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANISATIONAL GOALS.

Dr. Vinazor James Enwin — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the dimensions of Hard Human Resource Management (HRM) with a focus on alignment and recognition, particularly examining how machine-oriented and autocratic-oriented approaches interact with structured and unstructured measures. Hard HRM emphasizes aligning human resource practices with organizational goals through systematic and quantitative methods. In this context, machine-oriented approaches involve highly standardized, efficiency-driven processes, while autocratic-oriented approaches emphasize centralized decision-making and control. Structured measures include formal performance metrics and standardized recognition systems, whereas unstructured measures involve more flexible and informal approaches to evaluation and acknowledgment.

The research investigates how these dimensions influence the effectiveness of hard HRM practices in aligning employee performance with organizational objectives and the impact on recognition systems. Structured measures often provide clear, objective criteria for performance and recognition, leading to enhanced consistency and alignment with strategic goals. In contrast, unstructured measures may offer greater flexibility but can pose challenges in maintaining objectivity and fairness. Similarly, machine-oriented approaches may enhance efficiency but risk overlooking individual employee needs, while autocratic-oriented approaches can ensure control but may affect morale and engagement. By examining these dimensions, the study provides insights into optimizing hard HRM practices for better alignment and recognition, contributing to a more effective and balanced human resource strategy.

THE BENEFICIAL ROLE OF CLAY THERAPY PROGRAMS AMONG PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN STATES OF NORTHERN NIGERIA

Nenrot. V. Gomwalk, Esther Dokyoung — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) is best understood as a collection of strategies available within the community development milieu for innovative rehabilitation and social integration of persons with disabilities. One viable intervention mode related to CBR practice include the use of play therapy to strengthen and optimize clients’ skills. This mode also facilitates the development of better family behavior management and community living patterns. Unfortunately, many rehabilitation professionals are not appropriately prepared to embrace the use of such innovative intervention modes to improve the overall quality of recreational activities available within their immediate environments. The expanded adoption of CBR intervention strategies can positively demonstrate that such traditional strategies as medications, hospitalization, and psychotherapy have limited effectiveness when applied to the socialization and work aspects of individuals with disabilities. This paper discusses the combined significance of Clay Therapy and Art Ability in Disability programmes as vital tools for promotion of principles of CBR. Attention is specifically paid to the lessons learnt from the implementation of these programme series in Plateau and Adamawa states and Federal Capital Territory, located in Northern Nigeria from 2007 – 2015.

VIRTUAL COLLABORATION TOOLS BACKUP AND WORK OUTPUT OF ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IN OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

Florence Nchelem Cyrus , Erien-naikachep Maurice Ikuru — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The administrative performance has gained more and more relevance in the contemporary organizations as digital technologies and collaboration applications influence the organization of work and its implementation. This paper has explored the linkage between the virtual collaboration tools backup and the work output of the administrative staff working in the oil and gas companies in Rivers state in Nigeria and the technological infrastructure as a moderating factor. The study based its conceptualization on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and viewed virtual collaboration tools backup as a necessary technological capability manifested in backup automation, system redundancy, and data recovery capability, and work output in terms of task productivity, work quality and timeliness. The research design adopted was a cross-sectional survey research. A sample of 120 administrative personnel who were selected in the oil and gas firms located in Rivers State were used to gather data, 110 of which were validated and returned to the researcher constituting a response rate of 92%. The tool showed a good level of reliability with a Cronbachs Alpha coefficient of 0.82. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) at the 0.05 level of significance was used to analyse the data. The results indicated that there was a moderate positive correlation between backup automation and task productivity (r = 0.590, p = 0.002), moderate positive correlation between system redundancy and work quality (r = 0.552, p = 0.000), and strong positive correlation between data recovery capability and timeliness (r = 0.651, p = 0.000 Besides, the research study established a good positive moderating effect between technological infrastructure and the connection between virtual collaboration tools backup and work output (r = 0.643, p = 0.000). This implies that backup systems are more effective in improving the performance of administrative employees with the presence of sound technological infrastructure. The findings demonstrate that efficient backup systems pay off in improving efficiency, accuracy and timeliness of administrative processes in oil and gas organizations. The research finds that backup systems of reliable virtual collaboration tools, backed by sufficient technological infrastructure, come out as essential organizational resources that enhance the output of administrative work and continuity of operations. Some of the recommendations the study offers include the fact that oil and gas companies ought to upgrade automated backup systems to boost the work output of administrative personnel.

STRATEGIC AGILITY AND VENTURE SUCCESS OF TELECOMMUNICATION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

. Iheanyichukwu Godwin Amakor, Barisi Chioma Daniel, Nkasiobi Otuonye Okocha — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between strategic agility and venture success of telecommunication firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Strategic agility was conceptualised through two dimensions: operational agility and market agility, while venture success was measured using market share growth and customer retention. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising registered telecommunication service providers operating in Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 96 top and middle management staff directly involved in strategic planning and service delivery. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between operational agility and market share growth (r = .712, p < .01), and between market agility and customer retention (r = .694, p < .01). The study concludes that strategic agility is a critical driver of venture success in the telecommunication industry. It is recommended that telecommunication firms improve operational agility through flexible processes and fast decision-making to grow market share, while developing market agility through continuous sensing of customer needs and competitor moves to strengthen customer retention.

HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES UNDER LATE PRESIDENT MOBUTU SESE SEKO: FROM THE OVERTHROW OF PRESIDENT LUMUMBA TO HIS DEATH (1960-1997)

Emem Lawrence Etuk — Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Democratic Republic of Congo’s post-independence trajectory was profoundly shaped by the authoritarian rule of Mobutu Sese Seko, who governed from 1965 until his overthrow in 1997. Emerging in the wake of Congo’s independence, Mobutu constructed a personalist state defined by political repression, economic exploitation, and social authoritarianism. His rise to power followed the destabilization of the newly independent state and the assassination of Patrice Lumumba, a pivotal moment that set the stage for decades of human rights violations. This study examines the multidimensional abuses under Mobutu, structured both chronologically and thematically. The paper begins with the overthrow and assassination of Lumumba, detailing the interplay between domestic political factions and international actors, and traces the institutionalization of repression through the establishment of the one-party state and personalist dictatorship. Subsequent sections explore state terror, censorship, forced disappearances, public executions, and the manipulation of economic and cultural structures, including the kleptocratic Zairianization program and the Authenticité campaign. The paper also considers internal conflicts such as the Shaba invasions, where military abuses targeted civilians, and examines the late 20th-century erosion of regime legitimacy, culminating in Mobutu’s overthrow by . The international dimension, including Cold War support from Western powers, is analyzed to show how external actors prolonged the regime despite widespread human rights abuses. Drawing from a combination of scholarly sources, human rights reports, and archival documents, the paper concludes that human rights violations under Mobutu were systemic, institutionalized, and multidimensional, with enduring consequences for governance, social stability, and human welfare in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

INFLUENCE OF TEACHER AND PARENTAL VARIABLES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENROLMENT OF STUDENTS IN BUSINESS STUDIES IN UPPER BASIC EDUCATION IN NORTH EAST, NIGERIA

Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of teacher and parental factors on students’ academic performance and enrollment in Business Studies at the upper basic education level in Northeast Nigeria. A mixed-method design, combining descriptive survey and ex-post facto approaches, was employed. The target population included 3,036 upper basic schools, 1,002 teachers, and 452,742 JSS III students across six states during the 2025/2026 session. Using stratified random sampling (Krejcie & Morgan, 1970), 60 schools, 285 teachers, and 384 students were selected. A validated 42-item questionnaire (α = 0.79) and academic record proforma were used. Research questions were answered via mean and standard deviation; four null hypotheses were tested using simple linear regression (p ≤ 0.05). Key findings showed: (1) only 26.7% of Business Studies teachers held relevant qualifications; (2) teacher qualification significantly positively predicted performance (R² = 0.910, β = 0.960, p < 0.05); (3) teacher experience also significantly predicted performance (R² = 0.813, β = 0.974, p < 0.05), with 64.4% having <10 years’ experience; (4) parental occupation significantly influenced enrollment (R² = 0.703, β = 0.853, p < 0.05); and (5) parental motivation significantly affected enrollment (R² = 0.689, β = 0.724, p < 0.05). The study concludes that teacher qualifications and experience, along with parental occupation and motivation, critically shape both academic performance and enrollment. Recommendations include mandatory in-service training for non-specialist teachers, vocational teacher allowances to retain experienced staff, and school-based career guidance programs to boost parental motivation.

IMPACT OF PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS TRAINING ON ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU, STATE, NIGERIA

Patience Yankat Bitrus, Yankat Bitrus — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the impact of problem-solving skills training on academic procrastination among secondary school students in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. Academic procrastination has become a major educational and psychological concern among secondary school students, often resulting in poor academic performance, low self-esteem, examination performance, low self-esteem, examination anxiety and reduced motivation towards learning. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design involving pre-test and post-test control groups. The population of the study comprised all senior secondary school II students in public secondary schools in Jos metropolis. A purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select participants who exhibited high levels of academic procrastination. The instrument used for data collection was the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS), alongside a structured Problem-Solving Skills Training Programme developed by the researchers. The content validity of the instrument was established by two experts in Guidance and Counselling and Research, Measurement and Evaluation units in Faculty of Education, University of Jos. The reliability coefficient of 0.82 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha reliability method. The treatment group was exposed to problem-solving skills training sessions focusing on problem identification, generation of alternatives, decision-making, goal setting, time management and self-monitoring, while the control group received conventional guidance services. Data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings revealed that problem-solving skills training significantly reduced academic procrastination among secondary school students exposed to the intervention compared to those in the control group. The study further showed that students who participated in the training demonstrated improved task completion, better study habits, increased academic responsibility and enhanced decision-making abilities. The findings also indicated that gender had no significant influence on the effectiveness of the intervention. Based on the findings, the study concluded that problem-solving skills training is an effective counselling intervention for reducing academic procrastination among secondary school students in Jos metropolis. The study recommended that school counsellors, teachers and educational psychologists should integrate problem-solving skills training into school counselling programmes and academic support services to enhance students’ academic adjustment and performance.

EFFECT OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ON SUCCESSION PLANNING AT ADAMA BEVERAGES LIMITED, YOLA, ADAMAWA STATE

Tue, 16 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of professional development on succession planning in Adama Beverages Limited, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the effects of career development, skill development, and values development on succession planning. Anchored on Human Capital Theory, the study adopted a survey research design. The population comprised 420 employees, from which a sample size of 205 was determined using Yamane’s (1967) formula. A total of 201 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression through SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that career development had a significant positive effect on succession planning (β = 0.341, t = 5.11, p < 0.001). Skill development also significantly influenced succession planning (β = 0.309, t = 5.26, p < 0.001), while values development showed a significant positive effect on succession planning (β = 0.323, t = 5.23, p < 0.001). The regression model explained 61.1% of the variation in succession planning (R² = 0.611), and the overall model was statistically significant (F = 103.72, p < 0.001). The study concluded that professional development significantly enhances succession planning effectiveness. It recommended strengthening career growth opportunities, continuous employee training, and value-based development programs to ensure sustainable leadership succession.

METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISION MAKING AMONG NIGERIAN YOUTH

Banabo Ekankumo , Faith Bokolo — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between metacognitive awareness and entrepreneurial decision making among Nigerian youths. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between self reflection, cognitive monitoring, strategic thinking, and entrepreneurial decision making among youth entrepreneurs in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 1,240 registered youth entrepreneurs with a sample size of 297 respondents was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table, while data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that self reflection, cognitive monitoring, and strategic thinking had significant positive relationships with entrepreneurial decision making among Nigerian youths. The study concluded that metacognitive awareness enhances entrepreneurial decision quality and supports effective business judgment among youth entrepreneurs. The study recommended that entrepreneurship development programmes should strengthen self reflection, cognitive monitoring, and strategic thinking skills among Nigerian youths through training, mentorship, and business planning activities.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AUTOMATION AND CUSTOMER GRATIFICATION IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN RIVERS STATE.

Lebari Blessing Nwikinaka, Queeneth N. Ofori, Bright C. Opara — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explored the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) automation, operationalized in machine learning (ML) and robotic process automation (RPA), and customer gratification within the banking industry in Rivers State. It investigated how AI-driven automation influences customer satisfaction across three key measures: functional gratification, social gratification, and emotional gratification. The study employed a correlational approach, collecting data from bank customers and employees through the use of a questionnaire. Findings indicated that AI automation significantly enhances functional gratification by improving service efficiency and accuracy. Additionally, AI-driven services foster social gratification by providing personalized experiences and engagement, while also boosting emotional gratification through seamless, reliable, and stress-free interactions. However, concerns around data privacy and the potential loss of human touch in banking services were also noted. Based on the findings, the study recommends that banks continue to integrate AI technologies, ensuring transparency, data security, and maintaining a balance between automation and human interaction to fully realize the benefits of customer gratification.

ZOOM VIDEO LEARNING AND THE MASTERING OF SKILLS OF OFFICE AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT STUDENTS IN IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, PORT HARCOURT.

Oba, Boma Joy, Sarah Nna-Emmanuel W. — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determine the impact zoon video learning on mastering of skillsof Office and Information management students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. The objective of the study was to: establish the impact of Zoom on the mastering of skills of Office and Information Management students. The research design for this study was the exploratory survey research design. The population of this study consisted of (360) students (level 100-400) in the Department of Office and Information Management, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt. A sample size of one hundred and eighty-nine (189) respondents was obtained using the Taro Yamene Formula. Structured questionnaire (EAOIMSAARS) was used as the main instrument for the collection of primary data for this work. A total of 189 copies of the questionnaire distributed, while 130 copies of were retrieved. The primary data collected from the field was be analyzed using simple percentage for answering research questions while Pearson’s product moment correlation (PPMC) was used for the test of hypotheses. The finding revealed that the use of Zoom has a significant positive impact on mastering of skills of OIM students in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt. It was therefore recommended among others that management should provide data subscription for lecturers to enable them make regular use of Zoom delivering curriculum contents of Office and Information Management.

THE RITUALS OF AUDITING: AN ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE

A.O. OLADIPUPO, PhD, M.U. EYIDE, PhD — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Auditing, beyond its technical function of verifying financial statements, is embedded in symbolic and ritualistic practices that shape organizational legitimacy and stakeholder confidence. This paper explores the rituals of auditing, their implications for corporate governance, and how they contribute to the perception of assurance and accountability. The study draws upon theoretical insights and empirical research to analyze how audit rituals reinforce trust and order in financial markets. Additionally, this study examines the role of international auditing standards and regulatory frameworks in shaping these rituals and their broader socio-economic implications.

GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS TANK FARMS IN RIVERS STATE.

Songo Lawson (PhD), I.A Kalio — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

There is a renewed paradigm shift in the campaign for Sustainability in the global business arena. A sustained demand that organizations, in their operations be mindful of the environment so as to maintain a better image in today’s competitive marketing environment. Petroleum products Tank farms operators in Port- Harcourt are expected to key into this global trend by focusing on green supply chain management practices for a better sustainable environment. The key concern however, is whether or not the implementation of these practices will leads to better marketing performance. This study is aimed at determining the relationship between green supply chain management practices and marketing performance of petroleum products tank farms in Port-Harcourt. The specific objectives is to determine the effect of eco- design and reverse logistics, on measures of marketing performance. To achieve these objectives four research questions were posed and four hypotheses formulated to guide the study. The correlational research design was adopted, while the population of the study all 12 registered petroleum products tank farms operating in Port- Harcourt, and since this is a macro study due to the small population, ten staff from each of the 12 registered petroleum products tank farms in Port- Harcourt were selected using purposive sampling as respondents. Data was collected from the respondents using structured questionnaires. Since this is a correlation study, the Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses supplemented by SPSS version 23.0. The result showed a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of green supply chain management practices and the measures of marketing performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that petroleum products tank farms should adopt green supplier chain management practices in order to enhance their marketing performance.

COMPANIES

Acee-Eke, Beatrice Chinyere — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study focused on ABC inventory techniques and supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas companies in Rivers State. A correlational design was formulated to handle the hypotheses formulated for the study. The survey research method was adopted for the study on a population comprised of fifteen (15) midstream oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt. Subsequently, the simple random sampling method was adopted to draw two management staff from each of the identified companies, to arrive at four management staff for each company and 60 management staff for the whole sample. A 5-point likert-scale questionnaire was administered to 60 respondents, of which 53 copies of the questionnaire were returned, obtaining a 93% percent response rate. The study adopted descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation technique course of action to establish that inventory management techniques dimensions; ABC inventory technique and vendor managed inventory, were helpful in relating to cycle time of delivery and order processing of midstream oil and gas companies. The results revealed that ABC inventory technique has a strong, positive, and significant relationship with cycle time of delivery and a moderate, significant and positive relationship with order processing. Therefore, the study concludes that ABC inventory techniques positively and significantly relates with supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas firms in River State, and recommends amongst others that, managers of midstream oil and gas companies should position strategically.

OPPORTUNITY ORIENTATION AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF MICRO-FINANCE BANKS IN PORTHARCOURT

Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the association between opportunity orientation and marketing performance of Microfinance banks in Rivers state. The study adopted a cross sectional survey research design. The population of the study is made up of Eighteen (18)microfinance banks that are insured by the Nigerian Deposit Insurance company (NDIC), and operating in Rivers State, Nigeria.. Given this small population size, which is less than thirty (30), a census study was undertaken. The study utilized structured questionnaire in collecting primary data. A total of seventy two (72) copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the managers of microfinance banks under study. Out of the sixty six (66) copies of the questionnaire returned, only sixty four (64) of them were utilized in data analysis. The Spearman Rank-order correlation technique was employed as the test statistic. The bivariate correlation analysis was carried out on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study concluded that opportunity orientation significantly influences marketing performance of the studied microfinance banks, in terms of growth in sales and Customer Base. These findings suggest that microfinance institutions should foster an opportunity-oriented culture in order to increase their sales and customer base, as these can lead to increased profitability and long term sustainability.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF FOOD AND BEVERAGES FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

Bernard Nwekeala — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The business environment is volatile and dynamic; it takes a firm that is entrepreneurial orientated to survive. To this end, this study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organisational performance of Food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. Three (3) objectives, three (3) research questions and three (3) hypotheses were tested. The study adopted correlational survey design; the population of this study consisted of 25 food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. The study adopted a census approach and studied the entire population. The instrument was administered in the frame of 4 copies per firm; the reliability of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach's alpha test instrument with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and it stood at 0.78 higher than the benchmark of 0.7. The data collected for this study were analyzed through inferential statistics. The spearman rank-order correlation technique was employed to test the various hypotheses formulated. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial orientation showed a positive and significant relationship with organisational performance of food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. The results from the bivariate analysis confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between entrepreneurial orientation (proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and innovativeness) and organisational performance of food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurial orientation via its dimensions is a panacea for gaining organisational performance. in line with the findings and conclusions; the paper recommends that food and beverages firms should be proactive in all ramification; they should be quick and swift in responding to market needs; they should be competitive aggressive and challenge competitions in order to gain entry or strengthen its existing position in the marketplace, geared towards surpassing industry rivals and should be innovative and always come up with novel products and services that will catch the customer’s attention.

THE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Moses, Promise Z.O (Ph.D), Adiela, Uchechukwu Sambo, Amakodi, Sunday E. (Ph.D) — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the impact of poor infrastructural facilities on the quality of Business
Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Guided by three research questions and
hypotheses, an ex post facto (causal-comparative) research design was adopted. The
population comprised 18,740 lecturers and students of Business Education in Nigerian
tertiary institutions, from which a sample of 392 respondents (72 lecturers and 320
students) was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through a
validated questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and analyzed using mean,
standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression at a 0.05 level of
significance. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between infrastructural
facilities and the quality of Business Education: ICT facilities (r = 0.652, p < 0.05), electricity
supply (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), and physical learning facilities (r = 0.601, p < 0.05).
Regression results indicated that these variables jointly accounted for 53.6% of the variance
(R² = 0.536) in Business Education quality, with ICT exerting the strongest influence (β =
0.412). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructural facilities significantly hinder
teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and skill acquisition in Business Education. It
recommended increased funding, stronger public–private partnerships, stable power
supply, and the prioritization of ICT integration and facility maintenance to improve Business
Education quality in Nigeria.

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF COLLABORATIVE AND PROBLEM-SOLVING TEACHING METHODS ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN GOVERNMENT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

R. Magaji, S. M. Abdullahi, Z. Jika — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined effects of collaborative and problem-solving teaching methods on academic achievement of Financial Accounting Students in Government secondary schools in Taraba state Nigeria. The study had four objectives, three research questions, and three null hypotheses. The study used quasi-experimental research design. The population of the study was 573 SSII students in Government secondary schools in Taraba state, Nigeria. Out of these population a sample of 80 financial accounting students were used from three intact classes. These three intact classes were purposively selected from three different government secondary schools within the study area. A researcher developed Financial Accounting Achievement Test (FAAT) used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by experts. A pilot test was carried out at Government Capital School Yola. Cronbach Alfa was used to determine the reliability coefficient of the instrument. The teaching experiment period lasted for six weeks. The data collected for the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation too answer the research questions, t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses one and two while null hypothesis three was tested using ANOVA and Scheffe Post Hoc Pairwise Comparison test. All the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 levels of significance. The study revealed that there was a significant difference in the mean scores of students taught financial accounting using collaborative, problem-solving and lecture teaching methods. With collaborative and problem solving having the highest mean sores. Indicating students do better when taught financial accounting using these two methods of teaching. Based on these findings the study concluded that collaborative and problem-solving method of teaching was found to improve financial accounting students’ academic achievement. the study recommended the usage of problem-solving teaching method by teachers of financial accounting should be enforced by the schools’ authorities for improve students’ academic achievement.

BUSINESS ETIQUETTE DYNAMICS: THE GOAD FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF REAL ESTATE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract
The main aim of the study was to ascertain the relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the human relations theory by Elton Mayo as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The targeted population comprised the entire leadership of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt. As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, six (6) managers were chosen from branch offices of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt, giving us a sample of ninety (90) managers. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. Eighty-Six (86) copies of questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis. Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of business etiquette dynamics in this study should be adopted by real estate firms in Port Harcourt, so as to drive the competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt

IMPACT OF THINK -PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FROM SOME SELECTED SCHOOLS IN JAMA’A LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Anthonia Dutse, Dr.Ayuba Bayara Kabang, Joseph Dansallah Hayatu — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the Impact Of Think-Pair-Share Strategy on Students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Basic Science and Technology from some Selected Schools in Jama’a Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study had three objectives, three research questions that guided the study and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study anchored on social constructivist theory of human learning by Vygotsky, 1978. A quasi-experimental design pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group was used. Population of the study was 1153 JS 2 students offering Basic Science and Technology for 2024/2025 academic section. A sample of 158 JS 2 Basic Science and Technology students from two schools were obtained using random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was Basic Science and Technology Retention Test (BSTRT) . The instrument was validated by three experts, two in the Department of Science Education and Technology and one in the department of Educational Foundations, all from the University of Jos. The reliability was established using Kuder Richardson 20(KR-20) for BSTAT which yielded coefficient of 0.76. The experimental group was taught using think- pair -share strategy while the control group was taught using lecture method. The treatment lasted for six weeks. The students were given post -test and delay post-test. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that there were significance differences in the mean academic achievement scores of students taught using think -pair-share strategy than those taught using lecture method, the findings also revealed that the strategy is gender friendly. It was recommended among others that seminars, workshops and conferences should be organized by school heads to orient Basic Science and Technology teachers on how to used think-pair- share strategy in teaching.

INNOVATION CAPABILITIES AND SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF MSMES IN RIVERS STATE.

Dr. Amadi Foundation — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between innovation capabilities specifically Product Innovation Capability, Process Innovation Capability, and Marketing Innovation Capability and the sustainable performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design involving 20 MSMEs operational for over a decade, with data collected from 40 managerial respondents using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank-order correlation to test three hypotheses at a 0.01 significance level. The results indicated a very strong positive relationship between Product Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.905, p < 0.01), a strong positive relationship between Process Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.690, p < 0.01), and a moderate to strong positive relationship between Marketing Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.557, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that innovation capabilities significantly influence MSMEs’ ability to maintain long-term financial, operational, and competitive sustainability. The study recommends practical strategies for MSMEs to strengthen these innovation capabilities to enhance sustainable performance.

USING NEWTON-RAPHSON'S METHOD TO CALCULATE THE APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS OF THE VARIABLES OF A NON-LINEAR MODEL EQUATION FOR CHOLERA DISEASE AFTER SOME ITERATIONS.

Ochi P.O., Jeremiah Timothy, Timothy Ado Shamaki — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

To solve a nonlinear equation, the Newton-Raphson technique employs the idea of iterative approximation. Every iteration is used to improve the original guess value for the answer and bring it closer to the real solution. By calculating the derivative of the nonlinear equation at that point, the iterations are based on linearization around the current guess. The guess is updated using the linear approximation by deducting the linearization's value from the prior guess. Until the precise answer is found, this procedure is repeated. In order to solve the non-linear equations, an iterative technique is a mathematical procedure that is utilized as a starting value to build a series of improving approximation solutions. This work aims to employ the Newton-Raphson approach to ascertain the convergence (approximate solution in variables) of the equations of a nonlinear infectious disease model after multiple iterations using Matlab. After that, an Excel program is used to plot the iteration graph.

ENTREPRENUERIAL INNOVATIVENESS AND DIGITAL MARKETING PERFORMANCE IN FINTECH INDUSTRY IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

Adebayo Joshua Olaitan Ph.D — Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically examined the relationship between entrepreneurial innovativeness and digital marketing performance in the fintech industry in the South-South region of Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted to achieve the study objectives. The population comprised thirty-six (36) fintech firms registered with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as of 2025 and operating within the South-South geopolitical zone. Primary data were collected through self-administered structured questionnaires, with ten (10) copies distributed to managerial staff in each firm, resulting in a total sample size of three hundred and sixty (360) respondents. The research instrument was subjected to validity and reliability testing, including a test–retest procedure, to ensure consistency and accuracy of measurement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to address research questions, while the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was employed to test the formulated hypotheses, with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. The findings revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial innovativeness and digital marketing performance in the fintech industry. This suggests that firms that continuously adopt innovative approaches are more likely to enhance marketing outcomes, including improved sales performance and customer retention. The study concludes that sustaining entrepreneurial innovativeness is essential for improving digital marketing performance in fintech firms. It recommends that financial institutions should leverage the growing adoption of fintech platforms by forming strategic partnerships with technology providers, thereby enhancing service delivery, expanding market reach, and contributing to broader economic growth and development.

PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

JUMBO, Asai; OZURU, Henry N. (Prof.), ONUNWOR, Allwell Azubuike — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between predictive analytics and employee productivity, specifically focusing on efficiency and continuous improvement, in construction firms in South-South Nigeria. Anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. A structured questionnaire was administered to 152 valid respondents drawn from 18 purposively selected construction firms in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between predictive analytics and efficiency (r = 0.685, p < 0.05) and between predictive analytics and continuous improvement (r = 0.712, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected. These results suggest that the adoption of AI-driven predictive analytics tools substantially enhances operational speed, resource planning, error reduction, innovation, and iterative process improvement among construction workers. The study recommends that construction firms in the region invest in predictive analytics systems integrated with existing project management workflows, supported by targeted digital upskilling programs.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ PHOTOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION COMPLIANCE THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, MUBI APPLICATION PORTAL

Joshua Shehahyel, Yusufu Gambo, Wadzani A. Gadzama — Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The accurate submission of photographic identification on application forms is crucial for identity verification and fraud prevention in academic institutions. This study evaluated the implementation and challenges of recommended photo uploads on Federal Polytechnic, Mubi (FPM) application portal. A descriptive survey was conducted, distributing four hundred and three (403) questionnaires to students, staff, and business center operators. Three hundred and ninety (390) filled questionnaires were returned. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage). Findings revealed that a significant number of students still upload non-recommended photographs due to limited awareness, lack of portal restrictions, and unclear guidelines. The study recommends training programs, awareness campaigns, and portal restrictions to improve compliance with photographic identification standards.

INFORMATION SECURITY STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE RISK MANAGEMENT IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ORISAH-GODFREY, Lillian Anyanagba, GBAFAH, Beauty Lemabari, — Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined information security strategy and administrative risk management in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on the Information Security Management (ISM) Theory and the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework, the study adopted a correlational survey research design. The predictor variable, information security strategy, was operationalized along two dimensions: cybersecurity policy implementation and data access control mechanisms. The criterion variable, administrative risk management, was measured by risk identification efficiency and risk mitigation effectiveness. The population comprised 428 administrative officers drawn from five selected public tertiary institutions in Rivers State, from which a sample of 204 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane’s formula and selected through stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87 was employed for data collection. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and simple linear regression, at 0.05 level of significance, were used to test the null hypotheses. Results revealed that information security strategy had a significant positive relationship with risk identification efficiency (r = .641, p < .05) and risk mitigation effectiveness (r = .618, p < .05). The study concludes that information security strategy is a significant positive predictor of administrative risk management outcomes in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. It was recommended that tertiary institutions should institutionalise comprehensive cybersecurity policies and strengthen data access control protocols to enhance their administrative risk management capacity.

SUSTAINING FAMILY BUSINESS LEGACY IN NIGERIA THROUGH EFFECTIVE SUCCESSION PLANNING

Obuah Ikechi Israel, Isaac Amaobi Anukam, PhD — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose. This study investigates the impact of succession planning on the sustainability of family businesses in Nigeria. The purpose is to identify effective succession planning strategies that can ensure long-term sustainability of family businesses. Objective. The objective is to examine the relationship between succession planning and business sustainability. Methodology. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study surveyed 200 family business owners and conducted in-depth interviews with 30 industry experts. Findings. The findings reveal that effective succession planning is crucial for ensuring business continuity, innovation, and growth. The study also identifies key challenges in succession planning, including lack of clear communication, inadequate training, and resistance to change. Originality. This study's originality lies in its focus on the Nigerian context, providing insights into the unique challenges and opportunities faced by family businesses in the region. Implications. The implications suggest that family business owners and policymakers should prioritize succession planning to ensure business sustainability. Recommendations. Recommendations include developing clear succession plans, providing training and development opportunities for successors, and fostering a culture of innovation and adaptability.

DEMOCRACY STABILITY IN NIGERIA – “THE BLACK GOLD CRISES” A STUDY OF IJAW NATION STATE

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (Ph.D) — Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT ADOPTION AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES IN RIVERS STATE.

D. C. Igani (Ph.D.) — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between logistics management adoption and marketing performance of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. This study adopted the correlation survey research. The population of the study comprised 30 food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. Based on the population of the study. The study adopted a census approach with a focus on the staff (transport manager, distribution manager and warehousing manager). To ascertain the respondents, the questionnaire was distributed in batches of three (3) copies per headquarter branch. A total of ninety (90) copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Copies of the questionnaire were administered and distributed to the management staff of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The reliability of the study was tested using the Cronbach Alpha method. The study employed the Spearman Rank-order Correlation Coefficient for testing the hypotheses formulated for the study. The findings of the study established that transport cost showed a positive and significant relationship with profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. It also confirmed that warehouse cost showed a positive and significant relationship with profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. It was concluded that logistics management cost is a precursor to profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. The study recommends that food and beverage firms should incorporate transport management (vehicle scheduling and route planning) in their operations processes and warehouse management strategy such as just-in-time (JIT) should be used to manage the warehouse.

SMART SECURITY AND INFORMATION MANAGER JOB PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Akpelu Franklin Ekwueme (PhD) , Abbey, Chu Obo — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between smart security and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of smart security, such as video monitoring and remote control lighting, and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of prompt task accomplishment and information accuracy. The study was anchored on Person–Environment Fit Theory. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and fifty-one (151) Heads of Departments (Information Managers) at the Port Harcourt head offices of twenty-three (23) Commercial Banks operating in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the census sampling method, which involved engaging the entire population of one hundred and fifty-one (151) information managers without sampling. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. One hundred and fifty-one (151) copies of the questionnaire were administered and 132 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The findings of the study revealed that: there is a significant positive relationship between video monitoring and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of prompt task accomplishment and information accuracy; there is a relatively strong positive relationship between remote control lighting and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of prompt task accomplishment and information accuracy. The study concluded that when intelligent security systems align with operational needs, they quietly transform routine performance into strategic excellence. Hence, the study recommended amongst others that commercial banks in Rivers State should enhance their smart security systems, such as video monitoring, biometric access control, and remote-controlled lighting, to protect sensitive information and create a secure environment that supports the accuracy and efficiency of information managers.

INSECURITY, VIOLENT CONFLICT, AND THE ATTAINMENT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs) IN MONGUNO, NIGERIA

Mala Garba Hussaini — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between insecurity, violent conflict, and the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Nigeria, with a specific focus on Monguno Local Government Area (LGA) in Borno State. The research is premised on the argument that insecurity is not only a consequence of underdevelopment but also a structural barrier that directly undermines sustainable development outcomes. Persistent violence, particularly linked to the Boko Haram insurgency, has resulted in widespread displacement, destruction of livelihoods, weakened institutions, and disrupted access to essential services, thereby impeding progress toward key SDGs, including SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative analysis of SDG indicators and conflict-related data with qualitative insights from household surveys and key informant interviews involving community leaders, internally displaced persons, service providers, and local officials. Data are drawn from government statistics, conflict and displacement databases, and field-based evidence. The analytical framework is anchored in Human Security Theory, the Conflict–Development Nexus, and Social Cohesion Theory, enabling a multidimensional understanding of the interplay between security, livelihoods, governance, and social stability. Findings reveal that insecurity significantly constrains agricultural production, exacerbates food insecurity, limits access to healthcare and education, weakens economic activities, and erodes institutional capacity. The results further demonstrate the interconnected nature of the SDGs, where disruptions in one sector produce cascading effects across others, thereby deepening poverty and vulnerability. The study highlights that without addressing insecurity, progress toward the SDGs in conflict-affected areas remains unlikely. The study concludes that achieving sustainable development in Monguno and similar contexts requires integrated, conflict-sensitive approaches that combine peacebuilding, institutional strengthening, and inclusive economic development. It recommends the adoption of a security–development nexus framework, increased investment in livelihoods and social services, strengthened local governance, and enhanced data-driven policymaking. By providing localized and context-specific evidence, this research contributes to policy and academic discourse on sustainable development in fragile settings and offers practical pathways for accelerating SDG implementation in Nigeria’s conflict-affected regions.

ASSESSING THE QUALITY USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION LECTURERS FOR TEACHING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN TARABA AND GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA

Z. Jika, (Ph.D.), S. M. Abdullahi, M. Mahmud — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study titled assessing the Quality usage of artificial intelligence tools among business education lecturers for teaching in tertiary institutions in Taraba and Gombe state, was guided by four specific objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study was 101 Business Education lecturers in high institutions offering business Education program in Taraba and Gombe State. The entire population was used as a sample for the study. The study adopted purposive sampling technique to reach the respondents of the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher titled “Questionnaire on business education lecturers’ use of artificial intelligence for teaching”. The instrument was validated by three lecturers from the faculty of Education, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State. Cronbach Alpha was used to obtain a reliability coefficient of 0.78 after a trial test in Federal College of Education Yola Adamawa State, data collected in the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions while regression analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that: There is a significant relationship between perceive usefulness of Artificial intelligent and the use of AI tools for teaching among Business education lecturers in tertiary institutions in Taraba and Gombe State, Nigeria; that there is a significant relationship between perceive ease of use of Artificial intelligent and the use of AI tools for teaching and research among Business education lecturers in tertiary institutions in Taraba and Gombe State, Nigeria. It was recommended that: tertiary institutions in Taraba and Gombe State should organize regular workshops, seminars, and training sessions to improve lecturers’ competencies in using AI tools for teaching; Educational authorities should formulate and implement institutional policies that encourage the integration of AI technologies in pedagogy, ensuring ethical and responsible use.

WORKPLACE BULLYING AND OFFICE MANAGER'S JOB PRODUCTIVITY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT METROPILIS.

Omoku Chukuladi Samade , Iyerechin Angela Tamunomiele, Nwokeji Echezona — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

TRANSFORMATIVE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR RIVERS STATE TEACHERS’ CAPACITY BUILDING IN A GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

LONGJOHN, Dagogo Alu , LONGJOHN, Ngozichi — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the influence of transformative professional development (TPD) on the capacity building of public secondary school teachers in Rivers State, Nigeria, within the context of a globally competitive learning environment. Specifically, the study examined continuous professional learning and reflective practice as key dimensions of TPD and their effects on teachers’ pedagogical competence, instructional effectiveness, and professional growth. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and targeted a population of 381 teachers across the three senatorial districts of Rivers State. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and reliability was established using Cronbach Alpha (α = 0.87). Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to address the research questions, while one-way ANOVA tested the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that continuous professional learning significantly facilitates teachers’ capacity building, enhancing instructional delivery, classroom management, and adaptation to evolving educational standards. Similarly, reflective practice was found to improve teachers’ professional competence, promoting critical evaluation of instructional practices and fostering continuous improvement. ANOVA results indicated no significant differences in teachers’ perceptions across Rivers East, Rivers West, and Rivers South-East senatorial districts regarding the impact of both continuous professional learning and reflective practice, suggesting uniform recognition of the relevance of these professional development strategies across the state. Based on these findings, the study concluded that transformative professional development is essential for strengthening teachers’ capacity in public secondary schools, providing the skills and competencies necessary for effective teaching in a globally competitive context. Consequently, it recommended the institutionalization of sustained professional learning programmes, formal integration of reflective practice, establishment of school-based professional learning communities, alignment of professional development with global competency standards, and continuous monitoring and evaluation of teacher development initiatives. The study contributes to the discourse on teacher capacity building in Nigeria and offers practical insights for policymakers, educational administrators, and teacher education planners.

INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BUSINESS EDUCATION COURSES IN FCE(T), OMOKU, RIVERS STATE.

Kingsley Chukwuka Godspower — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Study investigated the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in teaching and learning of Business Education courses in FCE(T), Omoku, Rivers State. We adopted survey design. The area of the study is Omoku in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area. Omoku is situated in the Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area (ONELGA) of Rivers State. It lies in the southern part of Nigeria, in the Niger Delta region. The population of this study will comprise of Sixty three (63) business education lecturers in FCE(T) Omoku. The Sixty three (63) ) business education lecturers was chosen to constitute the population of the study. The entire population size of (63) business education lecturers was used as sample size of the study. The instrument was subjected to face and content validation by three lecturers from the school of business education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. The input and comments from the lecturers was used to modify the questionnaire items before it will be finally administered. The instrument was administered to 20 respondents who were not be part of the population and two weeks later the same 20 respondents was re-administered the same instrument. The two sets of scores was correlated using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Data collected for the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. The findings from the study revealed that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is moderately integrated into the teaching and learning of Business Education courses at FCE(T) Omoku. Based on the findings the researcher recommend that there must be proper policy formulation and implementation prior to, during and after the adoption of artificial intelligences. Libraries in business education department should intensify efforts in adopting artificial intelligence in the delivery of the libraries’ services for libraries users to gain very high-level satisfaction.

ENTREPRENEURIAL PROACTIVENESS AND COMPETITIVENESS OF QUOTED FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS IN NIGERIA

Lebari Blessing Nwikinaka, Queeneth Namum Ofori , Gabriel A. Okwandu — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

INFLUENCE OF COACHING AND TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE INNOVATIVENESS: EVIDENCE FROM WATER PRODUCING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Princewill Lekara BAYO, PhD, Barine AEBA — Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In today’s dynamic business environment, employee innovativeness has emerged as a critical determinant of organizational competitiveness and sustainability, particularly in sectors characterized by operational volatility and resource constraints. This study investigated the influence of coaching and training on employee innovativeness in water producing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational research design involving 238 employees drawn from nine registered water producing firms. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire, and analysed through simple linear regression and ANOVA techniques. Findings reveal that coaching exerts a moderate to strong positive influence on employee innovativeness, accounting for 45.3% of the variance in innovative behaviour. Training, while also significant, demonstrated a lower predictive strength, explaining 32.1% of the variance (R = 0.567; p < 0.001). The study recommended that management should formally integrate coaching into onboarding and continuous development programs. This should include training supervisors and team leads to act as internal coaches, focusing on nurturing creativity, problem-solving, and proactive behaviour among staff and training interventions should move beyond routine task instruction and incorporate modules that promote creative thinking, design thinking, and adaptive problem-solving. Interactive methods such as simulations, group projects, and real-life case studies should be adopted to enhance engagement and innovative outcomes.

CONTRIBUTORY PENSION FUND AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA

Graham-Kingsley Gift Imaonyani, Eke Promise — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS AND RESEARCH OUTPUT/PUBLICATION IN GOVERNMENT-OWNED UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA.

Silas-Dikibo, Ingigha Deborah — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study determined the relationship between digital immigration and research output/publication in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. The explanatory cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted twenty-four thousand, seven hundred and ninety (24790) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After the application of Taro Yamene formula, the sample size of the study was three hundred and ninety-four (394) teaching staff across twenty-two (22) government-owned universities across the six (6) South-South States in Nigeria. After validation by the supervisors and two other experts in the Department of Office and Information Management, Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument. A total of three hundred and ninety-four (394) copies of the questionnaire was administered to the respondents by the researcher with the help of two research assistants and 352 copies were retrieved. The univariate analysis was carried out using mean and standard deviation, while the bivariate analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0. The Partial Correlation was used to run the multivariate analysis. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses one to nine, while hypothesis ten was tested using Partial Correlations. The findings revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between dimensions of digital fluency, such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and digital outcasts and measures of teaching staff performance in government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria, such as teaching effectiveness, research output/publications, and teaching commitment. The study concluded that sustained investment in digital infrastructure, continuous staff technological development, and inclusive digital transformation policies are essential for enhancing teaching staff performance and advancing the global competitiveness, innovation, and sustainability of government-owned universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended amongst others that the management of universities in South-South, Nigeria should establish advanced digital innovation hubs within faculties to encourage digitally fluent lecturers to develop technology-driven teaching models, virtual research collaborations, and multimedia instructional resources that can further enhance teaching effectiveness and research productivity.

STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN FIVE STAR HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE

Esther Richard — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between structural change and employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of structural Change interact with employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Findings revealed that there is a relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Also, there is a moderating role of organisational culture on the relationship between structural change and employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The study also concluded that structural change correlate with employee commitment, and it is being moderated by the organizational culture. The study recommended amongst others that management of five star hotels adopt and implement strategies that supports employee hard work in terms of task execution and reward them appropriately to boast their morale and commitment.

ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN NIGERIA

Foundation Amadi — Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial leadership styles on the organizational performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, with particular focus on financial and innovation performance as key indicators of competitiveness and sustainability. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 371 owner–managers of SMEs across Lagos, Rivers, Abuja, and Kano states using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression techniques to examine relationships and predictive effects. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial leadership exerts a significant and positive influence on both financial performance (β = .62, p < .001) and innovation performance (β = .68, p < .001). Findings indicate that behaviours such as opportunity recognition, proactiveness, strategic risk-taking, and employee empowerment are critical drivers of organizational success within the Nigerian SME sector. The study concludes that SMEs led by entrepreneurial leaders are better positioned to attain competitive advantage, enhanced profitability, and sustained innovation. Based on these insights, it recommends targeted leadership development programs, capacity-building initiatives, and policy interventions to strengthen entrepreneurial competencies among SME leaders in Nigeria.

DIGITAL FORENSICS STRATEGIES: A PROCESS FOR UNLOCKING SUSTAINABLE ADMINISTRATIVE EXCELLENCE

Dr. Chux-Nyeche, Gloria Chinyere, Bekinbo Loveth, Obele, Abali James — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper on digital forensics strategies: A process for unlocking sustainable administrative excellence explored how digital forensics strategies boost sustainable administrative excellence in a business environment. The objective was to examine how the dimensions of digital forensics strategies, such as incident response and machine learning algorithms, relate to sustainable administrative excellence measures, such as policy adherence and operational efficiency. To achieve this objective, the paper employed a survey of literature. Based on the survey of literature and qualitative content analysis, the paper found that digital forensics strategies significantly enhance sustainable administrative excellence by strengthening policy adherence and operational efficiency. The paper concluded that integrating incident response strategies with machine learning algorithms is critical for fostering sustainable administrative excellence. More so, organizations should consciously invest in digital forensics strategies, and align forensic strategies with administrative policies to enhance sustainable administrative excellence. It therefore recommended that Organizations should develop and regularly update incident response plans that outline specific steps for identifying, mitigating, and recovering from security threats to ensure sustainable administrative excellence. Organizations should incorporate automated tools into their evidence collection frameworks to streamline the identification, preservation, and documentation of digital evidence.

INFORMATION SECURITY AND OFFICE MANAGER’S JOB PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

Eke, Josephine Onyeri — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the relationship between information security and office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Sampling Formula. In order to address the differences in the distribution of the population across the firms, Bowley’s 1960 Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was applied. Thus, the study adopted the random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Test-retest Method. In line with the sample size, a total of One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) copies of the validated questionnaire were distributed to the targeted audience through the help of two research assistants. The researchers were able to retrieve One Hundred and Fifty (150) copies of the entire validated questionnaire distributed. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used for the research question analyses, while the test of hypotheses was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between information security and office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that information security correlates with office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. When information assets are safeguarded, office managers are better positioned to coordinate resources, maintain accuracy in records, and supervise staff without the distraction of security breaches or data loss. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security, and reliability of records management.

ADMINISTRATIVE STRATEGY AND PUBLIC SECTOR EFFECTIVENESS: THE DIGITAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TRIANGULATION

ALIKORNWO, Peter Mezenye,, SAM-KALAGBOR, Hachi, NYECHE, Ernest — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study empirically examines the relationship between administrative strategy, digital information management, and public sector effectiveness in Rivers State, Nigeria, against the backdrop of persistent bureaucratic inertia and operational delays within government institutions in the Niger Delta. Using a descriptive correlational survey design, data were collected from a stratified sample of 350 administrative and technical personnel drawn from five public institutions. The study analyzed how strategic dimensions of process automation and data integration influence public sector effectiveness, measured through institutional efficiency and responsiveness. Data were analyzed using multiple regression and path analysis techniques. The findings reveal that administrative strategy significantly predicts institutional efficiency (R² = 0.617) and responsiveness (R² = 0.491).
In addition, digital information management systems were found to exert a substantial mediating effect, accounting for 56.6 percent of the variance in the relationship between administrative strategy and performance outcomes. The results demonstrate that improvements in public sector effectiveness depend on the alignment of technical infrastructure with a strategic information culture capable of transforming digital investments into actionable administrative outcomes. The study therefore recommends the institutionalization of cohesive digital governance policies and continuous workforce capacity development to enhance the accuracy, timeliness, and quality of administrative decision-making in Rivers State.

SHORT TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON ASSETS OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Dr. Okpolosa Matthew Onyebuchi, Osutu Sunny Ikechuchukwu — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The objective was to determine short-term debt and return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in NigeriaThe study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of short-term debt on return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of short- term debt on return on assets, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing.

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT AMONG SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA

Obindah Fortune (Ph.D) — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between domestic violence and social adjustment among school-age children in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. Specifically, it investigated how physical and emotional violence influenced children’s ability to interact with peers, regulate emotions, and adapt to school settings. A descriptive survey design was employed, with a sample of 400 school-age children selected using stratified random sampling across primary and junior secondary schools. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire measuring domestic violence exposure and social adjustment. The instrument was pre-tested, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation to test the study hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a moderate negative correlation between physical violence and social adjustment (r = -0.462, p = 0.001), and a moderate negative correlation between emotional violence and social adjustment (r = -0.398, p = 0.001). These results indicate that higher exposure to both forms of domestic violence is associated with lower levels of social adjustment among school-age children. The study concluded that domestic violence significantly compromises children’s peer interactions, emotional regulation, and school adaptation. The findings underscore the importance of early interventions, counseling, and supportive environments to mitigate the effects of domestic violence on children’s social development. Recommendations include parental education, school-based counseling programs, community awareness initiatives, enforcement of anti-domestic violence policies, and early identification of affected children.

EVALUATION OF SENIOR SECONDARY MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION USING CIPP MODEL IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA, RIVERS STATE

Sunday Ogiri Rowland, West Jenbarimiema — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study evaluated the implementation of the senior secondary school mathematics curriculum in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area (LGA), Rivers State, using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. A descriptive survey design was adopted, with the entire population of 72 mathematics teachers from public senior secondary schools in the LGA serving as respondents. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire (reliability index = 0.77) and analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and linear regression at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that while stakeholders including the government, religious bodies, and communities play significant roles, contextual factors contribute 37.9% to curriculum achievement. Input factors, such as instructional materials and qualified teachers, accounted for 50.8%, while process variables, reflecting effective teaching methodologies, explained 20.5%. Jointly, context, input, and process variables contributed 60.3% to achieving the curriculum objectives. Students demonstrated a high level of assimilation of mathematical content, particularly in reasoning, problem-solving, logical thinking, and positive attitudes toward mathematics. The study concludes that effective teaching practices, adequate resources, and a supportive learning environment are crucial for achieving the objectives of the senior secondary mathematics curriculum. It recommends sustained government support, continuous teacher professional development, adequate provision of instructional materials, adoption of formative assessment practices, and stronger stakeholder collaboration to enhance curriculum delivery and student achievement.

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION INTEGRATION AND WORKFORCE READINESS AMONG ACCOUNTING EDUCATION STUDENTS IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS

Sat, 21 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between technological innovation integration and workforce readiness among accounting education students in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The study was motivated by the growing demand for accounting graduates who possess

digital competencies required for modern technology-driven workplaces. A correlational

research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 259 final-year

Business Education students offering accounting-related courses from the Federal College

of Education (Technical), Omoku, Rivers State and Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka,

Anambra State. The sample size of 155 respondents was determined using the Krejcie and

Morgan sample size determination formula. Data were collected using a structured

questionnaire titled Technological Innovation Integration and Workforce Readiness

Questionnaire (TIIWRQ) developed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by

experts in Business Education and Measurement and Evaluation, while a reliability

coefficient of 0.82 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. Pearson Product Moment Correlation

was used to answer the research questions and test the corresponding hypotheses at a

0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that accounting software integration has a

strong positive relationship with workforce readiness among accounting education students.

The study also found that digital learning platforms significantly contribute to students’

technological competence and workplace preparedness. Furthermore, exposure to data

analytics technologies was found to significantly enhance students’ analytical skills and

readiness for modern accounting practice. Based on the findings, the study concluded that

effective integration of technological innovations into accounting education programmes

improves the workforce readiness of accounting education students in Nigerian tertiary

institutions. The study therefore recommended that tertiary institutions should strengthen the integration of accounting software, digital learning platforms, and data analytics

technologies in accounting education programmes in order to equip students with the

technological competencies required in contemporary accounting workplaces.

FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY AND EMPLOYEE JOB COMMITMENT IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ONUOHA, Chiaza Ihenna, OZURU, Henry N. (Prof.) — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between financial flexibility and employee job commitment, specifically focusing on affective commitment and continuance commitment dimensions, among employees of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on Social Exchange Theory, Organizational Support Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model. Adopting an explanatory cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 124 usable responses drawn from a target population of 209 employees using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination formula. A validated structured questionnaire served as the primary data collection instrument, and Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was used for hypothesis testing with the aid of SPSS version 25. Findings revealed that financial flexibility had a moderate and significant positive relationship with affective commitment (r = 0.602, p < 0.05) and a significant positive relationship with continuance commitment (r = 0.479, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming the importance of financial flexibility as a strategic determinant of employee commitment in the banking sector. The study concluded that DMBs that institutionalize robust financial flexibility practices including incentive-based pay, profit-sharing and flexible compensation schemes significantly enhance employees' emotional attachment to, and perceived cost of leaving, their organizations. Recommendations were made for bank management to design competitive, transparent, and performance-aligned financial reward systems to strengthen employee commitment and reduce turnover intentions.

PURPOSEFUL PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A PANACEA FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT - CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA

Ujande, Elisha Yusuf, Ph.D. — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The existence of poor project planning and implementation culture is an anti-thesis to development. This is because the growth of any nation is essentially dependent on successful execution of critical development projects and infrastructures. The purpose of this paper is to explore the current issues around project planning and implementation in Nigeria’s public sector vis-à-vis international best practices. The methodology adopted was a documentary review of past and current literature which enhance critical and contextual analysis of project implementation and execution culture in the country. It was found that the three tiers of government have not really planned, implemented and executed projects with due diligence in accordance with global best practices. Thus there exists a widespread institutional mediocrity in project execution, deficiency of vision, and inadequate budgetary allocations leading to high cost of project financing and corruption in the long run. The paper recommends amongst other things the establishment of National Public Projects Implementation System (NPPIS),public projects governance institutional framework and project management offices (PMOs), in Ministries Departments and Agencies to support processes for better public projects delivery system.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF NIGERIAN REFINERIES USING PINCH TECHNOLOGY A CASE STUDY OF THE CRUDE DISTILLATION UNIT OF PORT HARCOURT REFINERY, ALESA ELEME

Balogun T. A. , E. O Onoghwarite — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The crude distillation unit (CDU) of the New Port Harcourt Refinery, with a processing capacity of 150,000
barrels per day, was adopted as the case study for this project. The research was motivated by measurable
production and energy losses arising from frequent plant downtime, inefficient energy utilization, and
inadequacies in process network dynamics and control. Pinch Analysis was applied to the heat exchanger
network (HEN) of the CDU using Aspen Pinch 11.1, a commercial process integration software. The study
involved the collection of relevant process data, including the CDU process flow diagram, energy balance
flow sheets, plant operating records, plant information system (PI) data, and heat exchanger operational
data obtained from the PI system. From these sources, the required data for pinch analysis were extracted
and converted into pinch-compatible thermal data. The analysis procedure included the development of
problem tables, construction of composite and grand composite curves, determination of the pinch point,
energy and area targets, and grid representation of the heat exchanger networks. This approach enabled
the identification of heat exchangers that crossed the pinch, violated pinch design rules, and contributed to
energy penalties. The total computational time for the analysis was 141,039 CPU seconds, executed on a
3.2 GHz Intel® Core™2 T5200 laptop with 1024 MB RAM. The analysis was conducted at minimum
temperature differences (ΔTmin) ranging from 20 to 40 °C, consistent with values established for the oil
refining industry. A flowsheet comprising 23 heat exchangers distributed across three networks formed the
basis of the study: HEN-1 with 7 exchangers and 25 nodes, HEN-2 with 12 exchangers and 36 nodes, and
HEN-3 with 4 exchangers and 18 nodes. Results showed that HEN-1 exhibited poor and unclear grid
representation, leading to uncertainties in pinch location, cross-pinch effects, penalties, and stream
matching. HEN-2 demonstrated a clearer grid structure, allowing accurate identification of pinch location,
cross-pinch effects, and exchangers violating pinch rules. At ΔTmin = 20 °C, HEN-2 achieved heat balance, optimal stream matching, and zero cross-pinch effect, requiring only minimal retrofitting. Conversely, HEN 3 produced unsatisfactory results across all ΔTmin values, indicating the need for complete retrofitting. Even then, optimal performance may not be achievable due to its low potential for process-to-process heat recovery. Overall, the study revealed heat imbalance, poor stream matching, and moderate cross-pinch
effects across the CDU HEN, confirming the need for total network retrofitting. The findings further demonstrate that the design of an energy-efficient HEN is highly dependent on the selected ΔTmin, with each network exhibiting unique performance characteristics under different conditions.

PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP ACCOUNTABILITY AND DECISIVENESS ON STAFF PRODUCTIVITY IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE

Aunty George Daminabo Ogolo — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The researcher studied on Perceived influence of Leadership accountability and Decisiveness on Staff Productivity in Public Universities in Rivers state. The descriptive survey research was carried out in three public universities in Rivers state. The population of the study includes the teaching and non-teaching staff in the three public universities in Rivers State which is about 3,419 staff (Uniport - 1,442, RSU – 1,584, Ajuru – 393) the teaching staff 1,519 and non-teaching staff 1,900. 13% of the entire population was sampled; 200 teaching and 250 non-teaching staff. The instrument for data collection was a researcher made questionnaire titled Perceived influence of Leadership Accountability and Decisiveness on Staff Productivity in Public Universities (PLADSPPU). The instrument used was a 10-item questionnaire developed on the modified four-point Likert scale, with responses ranging from Very High Extent, High Extent, Very Low Extent and Low Extent (VHE=4, HE=3, VLE=2 and LE=1) to answer the two research questions. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was adopted in determining the reliability of the instrument. The mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha levels. Results showed that transparency and resilience as measures of effective leadership quality influence staff productivity in public universities in Rivers State. The researcher concludes that there is an understandable relationship between accountable and decisive leadership qualities and employee productivity. Therefore, the research also concludes that effective leadership is a means of creating and planning, securing resources and looking out for and improving errors plays an essential role in motivating employees. Recommendations among others were made that the management of academic institutions in Nigeria such as Universities in particular, should lay emphasis on accountable leadership as a factor of employee staff productivity.

UNEMPLOYMENT, POVERTY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS

Clement Korgbeelo — Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the impact of unemployment and poverty on economic development in Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of unemployment rate, poverty headcount ratio, inflation rate, and population growth rate on economic development in Nigeria. Economic development is proxied by human development index (HDI) while inflation rate and population growth rate were introduced as control variables. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, error correction mechanism (ECM), and Granger causality test were utilized to analyze annual time-series data from 1990 to 2024. The data were obtained from secondary sources including Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin for 2024, National Bureau of Statistics, and World Bank development indicators. The findings from the study revealed that unemployment rate and population growth rate have insignificant negative impact on economic development while poverty and inflation rate have significant negative impact on economic development. The study concludes that unemployment and poverty adversely affect the development of the Nigerian economy. Among other things, the study recommends that policies and programmes that will reduce the number of unemployed and poor persons in the country should be implemented.

HOME MANAGEMENT AND VOCATIONAL SKILLS ACQUISITION: REMEDY TO YOUTH RESTIVENESS AND INSECURITY IN NIGERIA

Gavou T. Pam — Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The paper surveys home management and vocational skills acquisition as panacea to insecurity and youth restiveness in Nigeria. Youth restiveness, occasioned by unemployment, income inequality, and political exclusion has led to the rise of youth protest groups whose activities sometimes turn violent. The violent protests constitute security breaches, manifested through insurgency, kidnapping, crude oil bunkering communal clashes, murder, armed robbery and farmer-herder clashes. Most of these crimes are perpetuated by the youth. The paper argues that effective and sustained home management, as a key aspect of Home Economics Education, and vocational skills acquisition, have the tendency to deal with youth restiveness and insecurity. This is because when the home is properly positioned where families make informed decisions, monitor their children’ activities, as well as instill in the children discipline and moral values, they are not likely to constitute any security challenge in their later years. Equally, skills acquired by the youth will enable them to utilize those skills by setting up food canteens, cosmetics, barbing and hairdressing salons, as well as electrical and electronic repair shops. They will also be able to find employment, as fashion designers, digital marketers and tailors. Unwillingness of the youth to acquire skills, their get-rich-quick syndrome, as well as poorly equipped training environment and parents’ continuous absence from the home are challenges to acquiring vocational skills as a means to curbing youth unemployment and restiveness. The paper recommends, among others, that the youth in Nigeria need to renounce violence, deradicalize and pursue functional skills training, either formally or informally, and in spite of growing need to work, parents need to pay attention to managing the home. This requires effective planning, supervision and effective decision making.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND LIVELIHOOD SUSTAINABILITY IN OIL AND GAS HOST COMMUNITIES IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS

Onwuka, Gloria Onyinyechi, Prof. Olanrewaju Lawal — Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined environmental management practices and livelihood sustainability in oil and gas host communities in Port Harcourt Metropolis. A cross sectional design was adopted. The population comprised households in selected oil and gas host communities within the metropolis. A total of 200 respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. In the first stage, purposive sampling was used to select oil- and gas-bearing communities within Port Harcourt metropolis. In the second stage, proportionate sampling was applied to select four communities, one each from the North, South, East, and West (Choba, Elelenwo, Eneka, and Trans-Amadi) to represent the study area. The study examined environmental management techniques and livelihood sustainability in the oil and gas host communities of Port Harcourt Metropolis. A cross-sectional design was employed. The population was made up of households in some of the city's oil and gas host communities. A total of 200 respondents were selected through a multistage sampling process. In the first phase, oil and gas-producing communities in the Port Harcourt metropolitan area were selected using purposeful sampling. Using proportionate sampling, four communities—one from each of the North, South, East, and West—were selected to represent the research region in the second stage: Choba, Elelenwo, Eneka, and Trans-Amadi. It was concluded that the current environmental management efforts are insufficient to support sustainable livelihoods. It recommended among others that Government and regulatory agencies should enhance enforcement and monitoring of environmental management practices to ensure proper implementation and compliance by oil companies in Port Harcourt Metropolis.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND SUSTAINABLE FOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Tarelayefa Clarke — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and sustainable forest resource management (SFRM) in rural communities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Four objectives, research questions, and hypotheses guided the study. A correlational research design was adopted. The population comprised 58,238 residents across rural communities in the eight Local Government Areas of the state, from which a sample of 400 respondents was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Four communities: Amassoma, Nembe Town, Twon-Brass, and Ogobiri were included in the study. Data were collected using the Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Sustainable Forest Resource Management Questionnaire (TEKSFRMQ), which consisted of two sections: The Traditional Ecological Knowledge Questionnaire (TEQ) and the Sustainable Forest Resource Management Questionnaire (SFRMQ). The instrument was validated and tested for reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha ,yielding co-efficients of 0.86 for TEQ and 0.82 for SFRMQ. Research questions were answered and hypothesis tested using Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed among others, that the spatial distribution of knowledge has a strong positive and significant relationship with sustainable forest resource management in rural communities. Similarly, land use practices were found to have a strong positive and significant relationship with sustainable forest resource management. The study concluded that traditional Ecological Knowledge plays a significant role in supporting sustainable forest resource management in rural communities. It was recommended that local government authorities should promote and support initiative aimed at documenting and disseminating TEK to enhance its accessibility while agricultural and forestry extension services should facilitate training programmes that integrate indigenous land use practices with modern sustainable techniques.

GENDER EQUALITY AND INCLUSIVENESS IN LAND ACQUISITION FOR FOOD SECURITY IN MUBI ZONE, ADAMAWA STATE

Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Gender equality and inclusiveness in land acquisition are fundamental human rights and are critical for sustainable food production. However, women in rural Nigeria continue to face significant barriers. This study examined the impact of gender equality and inclusiveness in land acquisition on food production in the Mubi Zone of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study specifically sought to: determine the impact of statutory law on women’s land rights, and identify the challenges mitigating food production. A survey research design was adopted, with a sample of 349 women drawn from a population of 2,750. A 45-item questionnaire was validated by experts and achieved a Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.827. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and simple linear regression (α = 0.05). The findings revealed that statutory laws have a significant impact on women’s land rights (Grand Mean = 3.52). Major challenges affecting food production included climate change, market shifts, and high input costs (Grand Mean = 3.81). A significant positive relationship was found between gender equality and food production (p = 0.000; R² = 0.942), and between gender equality and land acquisition by women (p = 0.000; R² = 0.837). Advancing gender equality is fundamental to achieving sustainable food production. The study concludes that effective interventions require a holistic approach integrating legal reforms, socio-cultural transformation, and economic empowerment. It is recommended that the Adamawa State Government enact legal reforms to strengthen the enforcement of gender-inclusive land laws and harmonize statutory frameworks with customary systems to protect women’s land rights in the Mubi Zone.

FORECASTING INDUSTRIAL CARBON EMISSIONS AND EVALUATING CARBON TAX SCENARIOS IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM ECONOMETRIC AND MACHINE LEARNING MODELS

Mbea, Akpobari Fabeke, PhD, FCTI, FCCrFA, CAN — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Industrial carbon emissions have become a major environmental and fiscal concern in developing economies, particularly in resource-dependent countries such as Nigeria. This study investigates the determinants, forecasting dynamics, and tax implications of industrial carbon emissions in Nigeria using econometric and machine learning approaches. Annual time-series data spanning 1990–2024 were employed, drawing from the World Bank DataBank, Central Bank of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics Nigeria, and International Energy Agency. The study applied the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to estimate long-run relationships between industrial CO₂ (Carbondioxide) emissions, industrial output, energy consumption, urbanization, and environmental taxation proxies. Forecasting performance was compared across ARIMA and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning models. Results reveal that industrial output and fossil-energy consumption significantly increase carbon emissions, while environmental taxation and renewable energy adoption reduce emissions over time. The LSTM model outperformed ARIMA in predictive accuracy, indicating superior capability in capturing nonlinear emission patterns. Carbon tax scenario simulations further reveal that a moderate carbon tax regime could reduce industrial emissions by approximately 8–15% while generating substantial fiscal revenue for green infrastructure financing. The study concludes that Nigeria requires a phased carbon taxation framework integrated with industrial transition policies and renewable-energy incentives to achieve sustainable industrialization and climate commitments.

DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TIN OXIDE (SNO₂)-BASED HYBRID NANOSTRUCTURES FOR USE AS COST-EFFECTIVE TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING ELECTRODES

David-Onah, Serian Ikiomoye , Ekakitie, Omamoke — Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are essential components in modern optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, touch screens, smart windows, light-emitting diodes, and thin-film transistors. However, the high cost and limited availability of conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) materials have created the need for alternative low-cost transparent conducting materials. This study focused on the development and optimization of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-based hybrid nanostructures integrated with silver (Ag) thin films for application as cost-effective transparent conducting electrodes. The synthesized thin films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and electrical characterization techniques to evaluate their structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. The XRD analysis confirmed the successful formation of highly crystalline FTO and Ag thin films. The FTO films exhibited polycrystalline tetragonal SnO₂ structures, while the Ag films showed strong crystalline orientation and enhanced structural ordering. SEM analysis revealed that the FTO films possessed interconnected granular morphologies with moderate porosity and surface roughness, whereas the Ag thin films exhibited smooth, compact, and densely packed surface structures favourable for electrical conduction. Optical characterization showed that the FTO thin films possessed high optical transmittance within the visible region and low absorbance, confirming their suitability as transparent electrode materials. In contrast, the Ag thin films demonstrated strong absorbance and metallic optical behaviour associated with enhanced free-electron interaction and plasmonic effects. Electrical characterization revealed that the Ag thin films exhibited significantly higher carrier concentration, mobility, and conductivity, alongside lower resistivity and sheet resistance compared to the FTO thin films. The combined structural, optical, and electrical results demonstrate that the Ag/FTO hybrid nanostructures possess complementary properties capable of simultaneously achieving good optical transparency and enhanced electrical conductivity. The study therefore establishes the strong potential of SnO₂-based hybrid nanostructures as efficient, scalable, and low-cost alternatives to conventional ITO transparent conducting electrodes for advanced optoelectronic applications.

METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES AND INDEPENDENT LEARNING AMONG PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN YENAGOA, BAYELSA STATE.

Bokolo Faith — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the relationship between metacognitive strategies and independent learning among public secondary school students in Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. The specific metacognitive strategies investigated were information management, planning, evaluation, monitoring, and debugging. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 4,140 students from public secondary schools in the study area, out of which a sample of 200 students was selected using simple random sampling technique from ten public secondary schools. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire titled “Metacognitive Strategies and Independent Learning among Public Secondary School Students Questionnaire (MSAILAPSS)”, which was validated by experts in measurement and evaluation and tested for reliability using the Cronbach Alpha method. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that students demonstrated a high level of metacognitive strategies across all dimensions examined, and these strategies showed a positive relationship with independent learning. Information management and planning enhanced students’ organization and goal-setting abilities, while evaluation, monitoring, and debugging improved self-regulation and problem-solving skills. The study concluded that metacognitive strategies are critical determinants of independent learning among public secondary school students. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers should integrate metacognitive strategy instruction into classroom practices, encourage self-assessment and reflective learning, and provide learning environments that support students’ independent and self-regulated learning skills.

EFFECT OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY AND SOCIAL SKILLS TRAINING ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ LOW SELF-ESTEEM IN JALINGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF TARABA STATE.

NTASIN, Angela Atim, MAILAFIYA, Susan David, IRO, Faith William — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The present study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy and social skills training on secondary school students’ anger in the Jalingo local government area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Two (2) objectives were formulated to guide the study, and two (2) null hypotheses were formulated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The researchers adopted a one-group quasi-experimental design of pre-test and post-test. One public secondary school was selected from Jalingo Local Government Area of Taraba State to participate in the study. The target population was fifty-eight (58) SS 2 students who exhibited angry behaviour from the selected school. The sample size of twenty-three (23) SS II students made up of six (6) male and seventeen (17) female students was selected through purposive sampling. An instrument tagged Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale (RSES) consisting of ten (10) items with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.85 to 0.90 was used to collect data for the study. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, while the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test hypotheses for the study. Based on the data collected and analyzed, the following findings were recorded among others: The study revealed that the combined Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Social Skills Training (SST) intervention significantly improved the self-esteem of secondary school students in Jalingo Local Government Area of Taraba State. There was a substantial increase in students’ self-esteem scores from pre-test to post-test, and the improvement was statistically significant (z = -3.912, p < .05). The intervention was effective for both male and female students, although female students recorded slightly higher mean gains; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the intervention produced a large practical effect size (r = 0.58), indicating a meaningful impact on students’ self-esteem and psychosocial functioning. The study concluded that the combined CBT and SST intervention is an effective strategy for improving self-esteem among secondary school students. The researchers recommended that educational authorities institutionalize CBT and SST programmes in secondary schools; school counsellors should implement regular screening for low self-esteem and provide timely psychosocial support; and government agencies should provide adequate resources to strengthen school mental health services.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION IN A CHANGING STATE ENVIRONMENT: THE EXAMPLE OF DELTA STATE NIGERIA

Mgbonyevi Voke Charles (PhD) — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The article focuses on Administrative challenges at local government levels in relating with the states Government. The idea is to exhibit the nature and pattern of administrative challenge encounter by Delta State Government in relating with the 25 local government councils of the state. The article reveals that "relations are that of superior and subordinate, lopsided in favor of the state government. The relationship that exists between the two tiers of government is that of "Master who is always right and a servant fond of mistakes. The instruments of control identified are from the three organs of the state. These instruments of control eroded the autonomy of the local government councils and render them helpless in address local people peculiar needs. The paper therefore recommended for total autonomy of local government, eradicate duplication of function and increase manpower quality and quantity.

THE EFFECT OF CAPABILITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN OIL AND GAS SECTOR

NWAEDOZIE, Jessica Chimebele , OBOREH, Lucky Edafetano — Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of capability management practices on organisational performance in the Nigerian oil and gas sector. Specifically, it investigated the effects of knowledge management capability, technological capability, intellectual capability, and human capital capability on organisational performance. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study population comprised employees of Midwestern Oil & Gas Company Limited and Sterling Global Oil & Gas Limited, both located in Kwale, Delta State. A sample of 100 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane sample size formula, while stratified sampling was employed to ensure adequate representation. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and analysed using correlation and multiple regression techniques. The findings revealed that knowledge management capability, technological capability, intellectual capability, and human capital capability each exerted a positive and statistically significant effect on organisational performance. Among these, human capital capability had the strongest influence, indicating that employees' experience, knowledge, and competencies enhance decision-making, operational efficiency, and overall organisational performance. The study concluded that capability management practices are critical drivers of organisational performance in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. It therefore recommends that management should prioritise the recruitment of qualified personnel, continuously assess employees' competencies, and strengthen staff development initiatives through regular training and capacity-building programmes to sustain organisational performance.

THE KYOTO PROTOCOL, CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA

Mgbonyebi Voke Charles (PhD) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan. It represents a binding commitment for industrialized countries to collectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 5.2% below 1990 levels. The protocol officially came into force on February 16, 2005, following ratification by key parties such as the European Union and its member states. It was designed as a major global response to climate change and global warming, though its effectiveness and enforcement have been widely debated. A central issue surrounding the Kyoto Protocol is the unequal responsibility between developed and developing nations. Industrialized countries, particularly the United States and members of the European Union, are the largest emitters of carbon dioxide, yet critics argue that they have not demonstrated sufficient commitment to deep emission cuts or to providing adequate financial support to developing countries. Some developed nations signed the treaty but delayed or avoided full ratification, raising concerns about the sincerity of global climate commitments. As a result, developing countries are often left to deal with the consequences of climate change despite contributing relatively little to global emissions. For countries like Nigeria, the impacts of climate change are already evident and potentially severe. Climate models suggest uncertain but significant changes in rainfall patterns, with some predicting decreases and others increases. These variations can negatively affect agricultural productivity, water availability, public health, and infrastructure, increasing the risk of flooding and disease outbreaks. The Kyoto Protocol also introduced mechanisms such as carbon trading, which aim to reduce emissions cost-effectively but have raised concerns about fairness and practical benefits for developing economies.