BW Academic Journal

Communication and Collaboration in Relationship to Time Management in Organisation

2026-01-26T22:34:12+00:00

The job performance of secretaries in real estate companies is a key determinant of organizational efficiency, particularly in rapidly developing urban centres like Port Harcourt. Secretaries serve as administrative support, coordinating various tasks to ensure smooth business operations. In this context, their performance can be influenced by several factors, including their ability to interact with technology. Managerial attitudes, time management, and the nature of job rewards play significant roles in shaping their productivity (Brown, 2020). Managers' perceptions can affect the level of autonomy secretaries have, influencing their motivation and the extent to which they contribute to business outcomes (Smith, 2021). Meanwhile, time management either fosters or stifles innovation, creating environments that are either conducive or challenging for job success (Adams, 2019). Finally, job content and reward systems are critical to ensuring secretaries feel recognized for their contributions, but concerns persist over whether these rewards sufficiently motivate the administrative workforce (Thompson, 2022).

SALES PROMOTION STRATEGIES AND BRAND LOYALTY OF FMCG IN DELTA STATE

2026-02-02T11:56:19+00:00

This study examined the relationship between sales promotion strategies and brand loyalty among Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firms in Delta State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated the relationship between premium offers and brand loyalty, sampling and brand loyalty, and price-off promotions and brand loyalty. The population of the study comprised 34 FMCG companies operating in Asaba, Delta State. Three management staff members comprising the production manager and marketing manager from each company constituted the study’s sample, resulting in a total of 102 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, while hypotheses were tested using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant relationship between premium offers and brand loyalty, sampling and brand loyalty, and price-off promotions and brand loyalty. Based on these findings, the study concludes that sales promotion strategies significantly influence brand loyalty among FMCG firms in Delta State. Consequently, the study recommends that SMEs and brand managers should design and implement sales promotion strategies as part of an integrated marketing approach rather than as isolated short-term incentives. Given that premium offers and sampling foster stronger emotional and experiential connections with consumers, greater investment should be directed toward these tools. Price-off promotions, however, should be used cautiously to avoid conditioning consumers to expect continuous discounts.

The Sociolinguistics of Digital Identity: Digital Persona, Performance and Identity in Mediated Spaces

2026-02-08T22:31:39+00:00

In the physical world, sociolinguistic identity is often signaled through what Goffman (1959) termed as sign-vehicles; the clothes we wear, our posture, and our physical surroundings. In the digital landscape, these physical markers are replaced by the Profile. The profile serves as a curated front stage, a semiotic space where the user strategically selects linguistic and visual tokens to signal belonging to specific social categories

Public Sector Audit Practice and Accountability of Federal Government Ministries in Nigeria

2026-02-19T04:30:44+00:00

This study examines the relationship between public sector auditing practice and accountability in federal government ministries in Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the relationships between public sector audit dimensions financial audit, compliance audit, and performance audit and accountability outcomes, with emphasis on social accountability. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire administered to officers drawn from the twenty-six (26) federal ministries in Nigeria.
Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
regression techniques were employed to test the study’s hypotheses using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0).The findings reveal that financial audit exhibits a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with social accountability, while compliance audit and performance audit demonstrate positive and statistically significant relationships with social accountability. The results further indicate that adherence to auditing standards strengthens the effectiveness of public sector auditing in promoting accountability within federal government ministries. Consequently, the study recommends the sustained application of financial, compliance, and performance audits across federal ministries to enhance transparency and accountability. It further emphasizes the need for annual audits, strengthened institutional independence of audit units, and the recruitment and continuous training of qualified audit personnel to improve audit efficiency and public sector governance

COMPARATIVE IMPACT OF ADVANCE-ORGANIZER AND CONCEPT-MAPPING ON PERFORMANCE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF BIOLOGY IN TARABA, NIGERIA

2026-02-21T22:10:59+00:00

This research investigated the impact of Advance Organizers (AO) and Concept Mapping (CM) on
the academic performance of secondary school biology students in genetics in the Jalingo Education
Zone, Taraba State, Nigeria. The research aimed to assess how these instructional strategies affect
students’ performance of genetics. The paper adopted a quasi-experimental design with intact
classes, utilizing pre-test and post-test data to measure performance gains. The sample comprised
150 students drawn from a population of 800 students drawn from eight randomly selected schools,
divided into two comparative experimental groups (AO) and (CM).Data analysis was conducted to
answer the research question using descriptive statistics and testing hypothesis with ANCOVA.
Results revealed that both AO and CM significantly enhanced students' academic performance, with
Concept Mapping showing a stronger impact. The paper concludes that incorporating AO and CM
into biology teaching can improve student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in
complex topics like genetics. Therefore AO and CM are recommended for teaching Biology at the
secondary school level.

SALARY AND EFFECTIVE INFORMATION CIRCULATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T09:28:36+00:00

The study determine the relationship between salary and effective information circulation in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between salary and effective information circulation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes salary to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

EFFECT OF THINK-PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON JUNIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN JAMA’A, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-06T11:28:07+00:00

The study investigated the effect of think- pair-share strategy on Junior secondary two students’ Achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Jema'a, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study had three objectives, three research questions that guided the study and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study anchored on social constructivist theory of human learning by Vygotsky, 1978. A quasi-experimental design pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group was used. Population of the study was 1153 JS 2 students offering Basic Science and Technology for 2024/2025 academic section. A sample of 158 JS 2 Basic Science and Technology students from two schools were obtained using random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was Basic Science and Technology Achievement Test (BSTAT) . The instrument was validated by three experts, two in the Department of Science Education and Technology and one in the department of Educational Foundations, all from the University of Jos. The reliability was established using Kuder Richardson 20(KR-20) for BSTAT which yielded coefficient of 0.76. The experimental group was taught using think- pair -share strategy while the control group was taught using lecture method. The treatment lasted for six weeks. The students were given pre-test and post-test. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that there were significance differences in the mean academic achievement scores of students taught using think -pair-share strategy than those taught using lecture method, the findings also revealed that the strategy is gender friendly. It was recommended among others that seminars, workshops and conferences should be organized by school heads to orient Basic Science and Technology teachers on how to used think-pair- share strategy in teaching.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADOPTION AND JUDICIAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS PERFORMANCE

2026-03-06T13:07:53+00:00

The study ascertained the relationship between artificial intelligence adoption and judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to empirically unravel how artificial intelligence adoption relates with judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State in terms of accuracy and objectivity. The study adopted the cross-sectional explanatory survey research design. The target population of the study consisted of accessible two hundred and nine (209) respondents, which consisted of judicial officers, law enforcement officers, forensic analysts and IT experts, public prosecutors and legal practitioners, and court clerks and registrars, across Rivers State who are directly involved in handling computer forensics in the judicial system. The sample size of the study consisted of the entire population of two hundred and nine (209) respondents in the State. Hence, the study was a census research. The test of hypotheses was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0. Drawn from the analysis of data carried out, the study revealed that there is a very strong positive relationship between artificial intelligence adoption and judicial forensic investigations performance in Rivers State, especially in terms of accuracy and objectivity. The study concluded that adopting artificial intelligence has a strong and positive relationship with judicial forensic investigations, particularly in strengthening evidentiary accuracy, neutrality, and credibility. Among others, the study recommended that judicial institutions in Rivers State should invest strategically in advanced AI-driven forensic tools, such as machine learning algorithms for evidence classification, digital trace analysis, and pattern recognition, to enhance the precision and reliability of evidentiary findings.

EFFECT OF LOGISTIC INTER-OPERABILITY ON SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENCY: A MARKETING PERSPECTIVE

2026-03-11T15:05:51+00:00

This study examines how logistics interoperability influences supply chain efficiency within Nigerian logistics firms, with specific emphasis on marketing-related outcomes. Logistics interoperability is examined through four key dimensions: information sharing, technological integration, process standardization, and collaborative partnerships. A quantitative research approach was employed using survey data obtained from 80 logistics and marketing managers. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques were applied for data analysis. Findings indicate that the dimensions of logistics interoperability contribute positively to supply chain efficiency, with information sharing

and technological integration emerging as the most influential factors. The study concludes that logistics interoperability constitutes a critical strategic capability that enhances operational efficiency, improves customer value delivery, and strengthens competitive positioning. The study concludes that government and industry stakeholders should promote interoperability through supportive regulations and digital infrastructure development.

ENTREPRENUERIAL PROACTIVENESS AND MARKETING REVENUE ON INVESTMENT IN FINTECH IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-03-26T10:34:40+00:00

The study empirically investigated the extent of relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and marketing revenue on investment in Fintech in South/South, Nigeria.
Descriptive research method was adopted to assess and achieve the goal. The study had 36 fintect firms population situated in the geographical zone of south/south, Nigeria. These firms are registered with CBN 2025. The study used primary data obtained through self-administered questionnaires with ten questionnaire per firm making the total of respondent 360. The questionnaires were validly and reliably tested and rested. The research questions were tested with descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was adopted to test hypotheses formulated via Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Findings of the study revealed a very strong relationship exist between entrepreneurial proactiveness and marketing revenue on investment in Fintech. The study concluded that marketing revenue on investment in fintech in South/South, Nigeria requires sustenance to be able to increase the sales and market share for revenue on the capital committed. The study recommends that financial service firms or institutions should take advantage of the increased use of Fintech in today business to form partnership with technology providers and provide financial services to users to drive marketing revenue on investment.

LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COMMITMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-28T22:29:19+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between leadership communication strategy and administrative staff commitment in educational institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Shannon and Weaver’s Mathematical Theory of Communication and Bass and Avolio’s Full Range Leadership Model, the study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population comprised 312 administrative staff drawn from selected public tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample of 238 respondents was determined and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 (Cronbach alpha). Two null hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between the study variables. The study concluded that strategic leadership communication is a critical determinant of administrative staff commitment in tertiary educational institutions. It was recommended, among others, that educational administrators should institutionalise transparent, participative, and transformational communication frameworks to enhance staff commitment and institutional effectiveness.

WORKFORCE PLANNING AND ORGANISATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS IN NIGERIAN FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY

2026-04-08T21:23:18+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between workforce planning with specific focus on resource planning and competitive positioning and organizational competitiveness in the Nigerian food and beverage industry, measured through innovativeness and experienced workers. The objectives were to: (1) determine the relationship between resource planning and innovativeness, (2) examine the relationship between resource planning and experienced workers, (3) determine the relationship between competitive positioning and innovativeness, and (4) examine the relationship between competitive positioning and experienced workers. A qualitative research design was employed. The findings revealed that resource planning significantly enhances both innovativeness and retention of experienced workers, as efficient allocation of financial, human, and technological resources fosters creativity and reduces employee turnover. Similarly, competitive positioning positively influences innovativeness by encouraging differentiation strategies, brand uniqueness, and proactive market adaptation. Furthermore, competitive positioning was found to have a positive but varying degree of influence on the retention of experienced workers, as organizations with strong market positions tend to offer better incentives, work conditions, and career growth opportunities. The study concludes that workforce planning is a vital driver of competitive advantage in the Nigerian food and beverage industry.

CONTRIBUTION OF DONOR AGENCIES IN PROVISION OF FACILITIES ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

2026-04-24T07:16:40+00:00

This study examined the contribution of donor agencies in the provision of facilities on the academic achievement of Financial Accounting students in secondary schools in Kano State. Specifically, the study had three objectives, three research questions and three null hypotheses respectively. The study used descriptive survey research design for the study. The population comprised of 11324 respondents which includes the principals, Financial Accounting teachers, and Senior Secondary II students in public secondary schools in Kano State. Out of these population a sample of 375 using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sampling technique respectively. A structured questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection, and the data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics respectively. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. While inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that The findings of the study revealed that there is a positive relationship between contribution of NGOs in classroom renovation and academic achievement of financial accounting students in Secondary Schools in Kano State, Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that there exists a strong relationship between the provision of educational facilities and the academic achievement of Financial Accounting students. Based on this, the study recommended that the State Government should also key in to classroom renovation as does by the non-governmental organizations. Because it was found to be positively related with students’ academic achievement in financial accounting in senior secondary schools in Kano State, Nigeria.

MOBILE APP TRANSACTIONS AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

2026-04-26T19:27:38+00:00

This study investigated the effect of mobile app transactions (MAT) on economic sustainability in Nigeria. This study employed an ex-post facto research design. The population includes the entirety of the Nigerian economy represented by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), with a purposive sampling technique used to select a sample size of 12 years (2012-2023) annual observations. Data were collected through Secondary source. The collected Data were further analysed using descriptive statistics, Pairwise Granger Causality Tests, Variance Inflation Factors and Multiple Regression. Our study revealed that mobile app transactions significantly affect the Human Development Index in Nigeria. Hence, the study concluded that mobile app transactions (MAT) significantly affect economic sustainability in Nigeria. The study further suggested that the Nigerian government and private sector should continue to foster the widespread adoption of mobile payment systems, especially mobile app transactions, as they have been shown to positively affect human development outcomes. Also, given the positive effect of mobile app transactions on HDI, financial inclusion initiatives that emphasize mobile banking and mobile payment platforms should be expanded.

Keywords: Mobile App Transactions, Human Development Index.

INVESTIGATIVE ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES AND FINANCIAL CRIMES IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

2026-04-30T09:13:01+00:00

This study examines the effect of investigative accounting techniques on financial crimes in the Nigerian public sector. Specifically, the study investigates the influence of investigative accounting on money laundering, payroll fraud, and asset misappropriation. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 350 respondents drawn from three key government agencies the Nigeria Police Force, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), and Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) out of which 334 valid responses were analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including simple and multiple regression techniques. Findings reveal that investigative accounting has a moderate, positive, and statistically significant effect on money laundering (β = 0.568, p < 0.05), payroll fraud (β = 0.589, p < 0.05), and asset misappropriation (β = 0.579, p < 0.05) in the Nigerian public sector. The results further indicate that investigative accounting enhances fraud detection, improves transparency, and strengthens accountability mechanisms within public institutions. The study concludes that investigative accounting is an effective tool for combating financial crimes in Nigeria’s public sector. It recommends the institutionalization of investigative accounting practices, improved training of personnel, and strengthening of legal and regulatory frameworks to enhance fraud detection and prevention. This study contributes to existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the relevance of investigative accounting in addressing financial crimes and promoting good governance in developing economies.

DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY AND VENTURE SUSTAINABILITY OF HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-18T05:51:19+00:00

This study examined the relationship between differentiation strategy and venture sustainability of hotel firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Differentiation strategy was conceptualised through two dimensions: service quality differentiation and brand image differentiation, while venture sustainability was measured using customer retention rate and financial performance stability. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising registered three-star and above hotels operating in Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 96 top and middle management staff directly involved in strategic planning and service delivery. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between service quality differentiation and customer retention rate (r = .704, p < .01), and between brand image differentiation and financial performance stability (r = .683, p < .01). The study concludes that differentiation strategy is a critical driver of venture sustainability in the hotel industry. It is recommended that hotel firms improve service quality differentiation through continuous staff training and consistent service excellence to strengthen customer retention, while developing strong brand image differentiation through targeted marketing and unique service positioning to ensure financial performance stability.

MARKETING AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES OF SUBSIDY REMOVAL IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-01-13T20:44:34+00:00

According to Ovaga and Okechukwu (2022), a fuel subsidy is a government discount on the market price of fossil fuels that lowers the price that customers must pay. Customers would pay less than the market price per liter of the petroleum product when subsidies are in effect. Fuel subsidies are a topic of discussion worldwide due to their enormous magnitude and impact on the welfare of citizens and a country's financial stability. The size of global fossil fuel subsidies is expected to rise from $325 billion in 2018 to $1 trillion in 2022, according to the International Energy Agency. This amount is significantly larger than the total amount of money that governments in developing countries make, as well as the $204 billion that international aid is expected to provide in 2022. This has prompted demands that the worldwide fossil fuel subsidy be eliminated so that the money saved may be used to help the weak and impoverished in developing nations that require humanitarian
aid (Couharde and Mouhoud, 2020; Ozili and Ozen, 2021). However, the idea that the fossil fuel subsidy is a type of help since it lowers the cost of fuel for the poor makes its removal controversial.
Notwithstanding this positive argument, a substantial body of research demonstrates the detrimental effects of fuel subsidies, such as the rise in air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (Sweeney, 2020), traffic jams (McCulloch, Moerenhout, and Yang, 2021), traffic accidents and untimely deaths (Parry, Black, and Vernon, 2021), lost tax revenue (Sweeney, 2020), and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. (McCulloch, Moerenhout and Yang, 2021)

EFFECTS OF TACTILE MODEL ON SENIOR SECONDARY ONE STUDENTS’ WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT’ ATTITUDE IN BIOLOGY IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-01-28T09:18:15+00:00

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of tactile models on students with Visual Impairments’ learning attitude towards Biology. This study intends to assists Biology teachers to use tactile models effectively in the classrooms to get a satisfactory learning out-come from students’ with Visual Impairment in senior secondary schools. The study was conducted in Plateau State Senior Secondary one students with Visual Impairment, the study used an integrate approach from several relevant psycho-educational theories with a frame work of subsequent reflections that derived effective results. The tactile models were locally designed and used as instructional models from an integrated view point. The models were examined for their validity and reliability as well as their capacity for assessing students’ attitude towards Biology. They were involved in teaching and learning process at Senior Secondary Schools, data were collected and analysed and the results revealed that the students’ perception and learning with tactile models have a positive and significant effect on the students’ attitude. Also, they were found to be useful tools for conducting formative evaluation of the teaching and learning process, because they allow students’ attitude to be captured and compared across different dimensions. The study adopted quasi experimental research design using pre-test, post-test control groups without randomization. The research study was conducted on two groups of students in senior secondary one (VI) students in Plateau State. (Experimental and control controlled groups) the two groups were pre-tested and after administering the intervention, the two groups were post-tested. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the two arms of the intact classes. The sample used comprises of 10 male and female students with Visual Impairments, hypotheses were formulated and questionnaires were administered at the beginning of the lesson and the students’ attitude towards Biology was measured. Pre-test and post-test were done on the students at the end of the lesson to assess their attitude towards Biology. The study shows that after the students with Visual Impairments in the experimental group passed through the tactile models intervention, their attitude towards Biology improved and they also performed well in Biology.

HUMAN RESOURCE COST AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF QUOTED BANKS IN NIGERIA

2026-02-08T11:37:05+00:00

This study examined human resource cost and the quality of financial report of commercial banks in Nigeria. The general objective was to examine if human resource cost on quality of financial of financial report while the specific objective is to examine the effect of wages and salaries, employee development cost, employee benefit cost and human resource acquisition. Cross sectional data was sourced from financial statement of fifteen quoted bank value relevance of financial reporting, timeliness of financial reporting and comparability of financial report was used as dependent variable while wages and salaries, employee development cost, employee benefit cost and human resource acquisition. Ordinary least square method of cointgration, unit root and granger causality test was used to determine the extent to which human resource cost affect quality of financial report. After cross examination of the validity of the pooled effect, fixed effect and the random effect, the study accepts the fixed effect model. Model I found that the independent variable explains 77 % and 74 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 0.9004 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient of the variables shows that wages and salaries have negative effect while employee benefit cost, development cost and acquisition cost have positive effect on timeliness of financial reports. The T-Statistics and the probability value justify that the variables are statistically significant. Model II found that the independent variable explains 72 % and 50.7 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 2.141 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient shows that salaries and wages and employee development cost have positive effect on the dependent variables while human resource acquisition cost and benefit cost have negative effect timeliness of financial reports. The t- statistics and probability found that the independent variables are statistically not significant. Model III found that the independent variable explains 58 % and 549 % variation on the dependent variable. The F-statistics and the F-Probability validates that the model is significant. The Durbin Watson statistics of 1.573 found that the presence of serial autocorrelation. The β coefficient shows that all the independent variable has positive effect on timeliness of financial reports except human resource acquisition cost. The t- statistics and probability found that development and benefit cost are significant while acquisition and wages and salaries are not significant. we recommend that Commercial banks should embark on employee development and career management programs to assist their employees in career planning and cost. Commercial banks should increase wages and salaries of employees and management should be able to realize a return on investment.

MEDIA CREDIBILITY AND CUSTOMER RETENTION OF RADIO STATIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-08T23:12:13+00:00

This study explored media credibility and customer retention of radio stations in Rivers State. The study adopted the positivism research philosophy and the correlational research design. The population of the study consisted of 753 customers of licensed radio stations in Rivers State. A sample size of 261 customers was selected for the study. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamene’s formula. The accidental sampling technique was to select the sample from the study population. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed statistically while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC). The SPSS version 24.0 was used for the bivariate analyses. The findings revealed that media trust has a significant relationship with repeat patronage of radio stations in Rivers State. The study also found a significant relationship between media trust and customer loyalty of radio stations in Rivers State. A significant relationship was equally reported between media integrity and repeat patronage of radio stations in Rivers State. The study also discovered a significant relationship between media integrity and customer loyalty of radio stations in Rivers State. From the findings, it was concluded that media credibility significantly relate to customer retention of radio stations in Rivers State. Therefore, it was recommended that radio stations in Rivers State especially those whose customers have defected to their rivals should consistently deliver what they promised, build trust and maintain their integrity as this would not help to build their credibility but also increase their customer retention rate.

EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE THERAPY ON MANAGING DYSLEXIA AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-20T22:57:14+00:00

This study evaluated the effects of a brief cognitive therapy (CT) intervention on reading fluency, reading anxiety, and academic self-concept among senior secondary students with dyslexia in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. The research adopted the quasi-experimental design of non-equivalent groups design. The pre-test, and post-test control group was used. The target population for this study was 600 students. The sample of this study comprised 39 students made up of 22 females and 17 males from three public schools in Jos metropolis were assigned to an 8-week cognitive therapy intervention (n=22) and standard remedial instruction (n=17). Two specific objectives and two research questions guided the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance in this study. Reading fluency was assessed via the Reading Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (RASA), and academic self-concept via the Academic Self-Description Questionnaire (ASDQ). Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and ANCOVA. Preliminary findings indicate statistically significant improvements in reading fluency, and reductions in reading anxiety among the cognitive therapy group compared to controls. No significant change was observed in overall academic self-concept, suggesting longer intervention may be needed. Cognitive therapy shows promise as a feasible, low-cost tool for supporting dyslexic learners in Nigerian secondary schools. Findings call for teacher training reforms and integration of cognitive therapy modules into existing special-needs curricular to enhance inclusive education outcomes.

AN ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY FARMERS TO CLIMATE-INDUCED AGRICULTURAL CHALLENGES IN BAYELSA STATE

2026-03-03T14:37:50+00:00

Climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity and food security, particularly in vulnerable regions like the Niger Delta. This study provided an assessment of the local adaptation strategies employed by farmers in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, to mitigate climate-induced agricultural challenges. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, utilizing data from both primary and secondary sources. The study equally employed the use of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as template of analysis. The findings revealed that farmers are experiencing notable climatic disruptions, including unpredictable rainfall patterns, increased frequency of floods, and rising temperatures, which have led to crop failure, soil degradation, and reduced yields. In response, farmers have developed and implemented a range of local adaptation strategies. Key strategies identified include the adoption of flood-resistant crop varieties, the use of floating beds (traditional integrated farming systems), diversification of livelihoods (e.g., combining farming with fishing), and adjustments in planting schedules. However, the study also found that the effectiveness of these strategies is constrained by several factors, such as limited access to climate information, poor state of infrastructure, and a lack of financial resources. The research recommended the integration of local adaptation practices into formal agricultural extension services and the urgent provision of climate-resilient infrastructure to bolster the adaptive capacity of farmers in Bayelsa State. It concluded that while indigenous knowledge and local innovation are crucial for resilience, they are insufficient without external support.

FAMILY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND ADOLESCENT ENGAGEMENT IN RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN KHANA LGA IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T10:49:06+00:00

This study examined the influence of family socioeconomic status on adolescent engagement in risky sexual behavior in Khana Local Government Area, Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the relationship between parental income and parental education with adolescents’ involvement in behaviors such as early sexual initiation, multiple sexual partners, and unprotected sex. A descriptive survey design was adopted, and the population comprised 12,500 adolescents aged 13–19 years attending public and private secondary schools in the area. Using stratified random sampling, 380 respondents were selected. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, which was pilot-tested and found reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82). Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, were used to summarize respondents’ demographic characteristics and responses. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to examine the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between parental income and adolescent engagement in risky sexual behavior (r = 0.421, p < 0.01), indicating that adolescents from lower-income families were more likely to engage in risky sexual practices. Parental education showed a significant negative relationship with risky sexual behavior (r = -0.358, p < 0.01), suggesting that higher parental education reduces adolescents’ likelihood of engaging in unsafe sexual practices. The study concluded that both economic and educational resources within the family are critical in shaping adolescents’ sexual behavior. Based on the findings, it recommended improving family economic stability, enhancing parental knowledge and communication, providing adolescent-friendly sexual health education, and increasing access to reproductive health services. These interventions are essential for reducing the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among adolescents in Khana LGA and similar contexts.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKET FOCUS AND VENTURE WELL-BEING OF HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-06T11:56:29+00:00

This study examined the relationship between Entrepreneurial Market Focus And The Venture Well- Being of Hotels in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated how two dimensions of market focus—opportunity focus and customer focus relate with Venture Well-Being of hotels. Guided by the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, the study adopted a quantitative survey design. Data were collected from 74 hotel operators and managers in 30 hotels using structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The findings revealed a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between opportunity focus and venture well-being (r = 0.723, p < 0.01), and a moderate but significant relationship between customer focus and venture well-being (r = 0.478, p < 0.01). These results suggest that hotels that actively seek market opportunities and maintain a customer centric orientation are more likely to experience long-term success, adaptability, and stakeholder satisfaction. The study concluded that integrating opportunity-seeking behavior with strong customer engagement is essential for achieving and sustaining venture well-being in the competitive hospitality sector. Furthermore, the study recommended that hotels should institutionalize opportunity scanning mechanisms such as regular market trend analysis, competitor intelligence systems, and customer feedback loops to proactively identify new service areas, customer segments, and business models.

IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-07T16:21:37+00:00

This study investigated the impact of performance-based assessment (PBA) on student

learning outcomes in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The objectives were to determine

the extent of PBA implementation, examine its effect on academic achievement, assess its

impact on higher-order skills, and investigate its influence on students’ motivation, academic

resilience, and self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with treatment

and control groups, complemented by descriptive surveys, was employed. Data were

collected from 420 undergraduate students and 30 lecturers using achievement tests,

performance rubrics, questionnaires, and observation checklists. The findings showed that

PBA was variably implemented but significantly improved academic achievement, higherorder skills, and psychosocial outcomes compared with traditional assessment. Students in

the treatment group demonstrated greater gains in problem-solving, communication,

application of knowledge, motivation, resilience, and self-efficacy. The study concludes that

PBA is an effective approach for enhancing both cognitive and affective learning outcomes

and recommends institutional support, lecturer training, resource provision, and ongoing

monitoring to maximize its impact.

E-EMPLOYEE RESOURCING AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE COMMISSION IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-24T21:03:47+00:00

This study examined E-Employee Resourcing and Organizational Success of Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. Three specific objectives and research hypotheses were stated in line. This study was anchored on three Existence, Relatedness and Growth (ERG), Resource-based theory (RBT) and Resource-Based View (RBV). The cross-sectional survey research design was adopted in this study. The population of this analysis consists of 500 employees from the Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire, the instrument was validated by the supervisor and two other experts in the field of Office and Information Management. The statistical tool used for testing the hypotheses were Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis formula with statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. The findings show that at level significance 0.05, that E- Employee Resourcing and Organizational Success has a positive significant relationship. The study concluded that all the dimensions of independent variable - e-recruiting, e-selecting and e-retention positively influences the organizational success of Local Government Service Commission in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that Chairman of the Commission, Permanent Secretary, Director of Administration, Local Government Chairmen, HPM and HLGA of the Commission, HPM and HLGA should use various digital tools, such as online assessments, video interviews, and automated resume screening, to evaluate candidates' skills, qualifications, and suitability for the job.

ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AND TEAM PERFORMANCE IN OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-28T21:29:10+00:00

This study examined the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and team performance in oil firms in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. The Researcher adopted a quasi-experimental design. The target population of the study consisted of 800 staff of ten (10) oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt, while a sample size of 266 was derived from the target population using Taro Yamene formula of sample size determination. Primary data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using tables, simple percentages, Mean score rating, standard deviation, while the Hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The findings revealed amongst others that there is a strong positive significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. It was concluded that there is a strong positive significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (altruism, sportsmanship, courtesy) and measures of team performance (team trust, team goal attainment) in oil firms in Rivers State. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that; to improve team performance, management of oil firms should consider encouraging and promoting all the three constructs of organizational citizenship behavior. Management of oil firms need to encourage casual employees to embrace goodwill at the workplace whether the conditions are not highly desirable, by not complaining about the status.

NONOIL TAX REVENUE AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.

2026-03-28T22:57:11+00:00

The study investigated the relationship between non-oil tax revenue and infrastructural development in Nigeria, employing an ex-post facto research design using historical data from 2000 to 2023. The population included key sectors of the Nigerian economy, such as the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), education, and health sectors. A purposive sampling technique was used to select annual observations from each year, resulting in 24 observations. Secondary data were collected, and data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Moderated Multiple Regression (MMR) using SPSS Version 25. The results revealed that the relationships between Value Added Tax (VAT) and both healthcare and education infrastructure were weak and statistically insignificant. However, Capital Gains Tax (CGT) showed moderate positive and statistically significant relationships with healthcare and education infrastructure. Government policy significantly moderated the relationships between non-oil tax revenue and both healthcare and education infrastructure. The study concluded that effective government policies are critical in maximizing the impact of non-oil tax revenues on infrastructural development. Recommendations include strengthening government tax policies, improving transparency in tax collection, and implementing targeted fiscal policies to enhance the efficient use of tax revenue for infrastructure growth in Nigeria.

EFFECTS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN PHYSICS

2026-04-14T18:04:16+00:00

Information and communication technology (ICT) integration has become a revolutionary force in education, changing teaching and learning methods all around the world. At the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) level, this study examines how ICT-based instruction affects students' academic performance and retention in physics. Forty students were divided into experimental and control groups using a quasi-experimental approach. While the control group was instructed using traditional lecture techniques, the experimental group received training using ICT resources including simulations and multimedia presentations. Findings revealed no significant difference between groups on the pre-test, confirming baseline equivalence. However, post-test results showed that students taught with ICT achieved significantly higher scores than those taught conventionally (t = 4.92, p < .05). Retention test outcomes further indicated that ICT-based instruction enhanced long-term understanding of physics concepts (t = 2.91, p < .05). These results demonstrate that ICT fosters improved performance and sustained retention in physics learning.
The study concludes that ICT integration is a vital strategy for addressing persistent challenges in Nigerian physics education, including low achievement and poor retention.

HARD HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ALIGNMENT AND ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANISATIONAL GOALS.

2026-04-26T18:50:19+00:00

This study explores the dimensions of Hard Human Resource Management (HRM) with a focus on alignment and recognition, particularly examining how machine-oriented and autocratic-oriented approaches interact with structured and unstructured measures. Hard HRM emphasizes aligning human resource practices with organizational goals through systematic and quantitative methods. In this context, machine-oriented approaches involve highly standardized, efficiency-driven processes, while autocratic-oriented approaches emphasize centralized decision-making and control. Structured measures include formal performance metrics and standardized recognition systems, whereas unstructured measures involve more flexible and informal approaches to evaluation and acknowledgment.

The research investigates how these dimensions influence the effectiveness of hard HRM practices in aligning employee performance with organizational objectives and the impact on recognition systems. Structured measures often provide clear, objective criteria for performance and recognition, leading to enhanced consistency and alignment with strategic goals. In contrast, unstructured measures may offer greater flexibility but can pose challenges in maintaining objectivity and fairness. Similarly, machine-oriented approaches may enhance efficiency but risk overlooking individual employee needs, while autocratic-oriented approaches can ensure control but may affect morale and engagement. By examining these dimensions, the study provides insights into optimizing hard HRM practices for better alignment and recognition, contributing to a more effective and balanced human resource strategy.

THE BENEFICIAL ROLE OF CLAY THERAPY PROGRAMS AMONG PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN STATES OF NORTHERN NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:02:07+00:00

Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) is best understood as a collection of strategies available within the community development milieu for innovative rehabilitation and social integration of persons with disabilities. One viable intervention mode related to CBR practice include the use of play therapy to strengthen and optimize clients’ skills. This mode also facilitates the development of better family behavior management and community living patterns. Unfortunately, many rehabilitation professionals are not appropriately prepared to embrace the use of such innovative intervention modes to improve the overall quality of recreational activities available within their immediate environments. The expanded adoption of CBR intervention strategies can positively demonstrate that such traditional strategies as medications, hospitalization, and psychotherapy have limited effectiveness when applied to the socialization and work aspects of individuals with disabilities. This paper discusses the combined significance of Clay Therapy and Art Ability in Disability programmes as vital tools for promotion of principles of CBR. Attention is specifically paid to the lessons learnt from the implementation of these programme series in Plateau and Adamawa states and Federal Capital Territory, located in Northern Nigeria from 2007 – 2015.

VIRTUAL COLLABORATION TOOLS BACKUP AND WORK OUTPUT OF ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IN OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

2026-05-07T06:19:34+00:00

The administrative performance has gained more and more relevance in the contemporary organizations as digital technologies and collaboration applications influence the organization of work and its implementation. This paper has explored the linkage between the virtual collaboration tools backup and the work output of the administrative staff working in the oil and gas companies in Rivers state in Nigeria and the technological infrastructure as a moderating factor. The study based its conceptualization on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and viewed virtual collaboration tools backup as a necessary technological capability manifested in backup automation, system redundancy, and data recovery capability, and work output in terms of task productivity, work quality and timeliness. The research design adopted was a cross-sectional survey research. A sample of 120 administrative personnel who were selected in the oil and gas firms located in Rivers State were used to gather data, 110 of which were validated and returned to the researcher constituting a response rate of 92%. The tool showed a good level of reliability with a Cronbachs Alpha coefficient of 0.82. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) at the 0.05 level of significance was used to analyse the data. The results indicated that there was a moderate positive correlation between backup automation and task productivity (r = 0.590, p = 0.002), moderate positive correlation between system redundancy and work quality (r = 0.552, p = 0.000), and strong positive correlation between data recovery capability and timeliness (r = 0.651, p = 0.000 Besides, the research study established a good positive moderating effect between technological infrastructure and the connection between virtual collaboration tools backup and work output (r = 0.643, p = 0.000). This implies that backup systems are more effective in improving the performance of administrative employees with the presence of sound technological infrastructure. The findings demonstrate that efficient backup systems pay off in improving efficiency, accuracy and timeliness of administrative processes in oil and gas organizations. The research finds that backup systems of reliable virtual collaboration tools, backed by sufficient technological infrastructure, come out as essential organizational resources that enhance the output of administrative work and continuity of operations. Some of the recommendations the study offers include the fact that oil and gas companies ought to upgrade automated backup systems to boost the work output of administrative personnel.

STRATEGIC AGILITY AND VENTURE SUCCESS OF TELECOMMUNICATION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-19T06:53:01+00:00

This study examined the relationship between strategic agility and venture success of telecommunication firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Strategic agility was conceptualised through two dimensions: operational agility and market agility, while venture success was measured using market share growth and customer retention. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising registered telecommunication service providers operating in Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 96 top and middle management staff directly involved in strategic planning and service delivery. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between operational agility and market share growth (r = .712, p < .01), and between market agility and customer retention (r = .694, p < .01). The study concludes that strategic agility is a critical driver of venture success in the telecommunication industry. It is recommended that telecommunication firms improve operational agility through flexible processes and fast decision-making to grow market share, while developing market agility through continuous sensing of customer needs and competitor moves to strengthen customer retention.

COMPANIES

2026-01-26T22:08:29+00:00

This study focused on ABC inventory techniques and supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas companies in Rivers State. A correlational design was formulated to handle the hypotheses formulated for the study. The survey research method was adopted for the study on a population comprised of fifteen (15) midstream oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt. Subsequently, the simple random sampling method was adopted to draw two management staff from each of the identified companies, to arrive at four management staff for each company and 60 management staff for the whole sample. A 5-point likert-scale questionnaire was administered to 60 respondents, of which 53 copies of the questionnaire were returned, obtaining a 93% percent response rate. The study adopted descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation technique course of action to establish that inventory management techniques dimensions; ABC inventory technique and vendor managed inventory, were helpful in relating to cycle time of delivery and order processing of midstream oil and gas companies. The results revealed that ABC inventory technique has a strong, positive, and significant relationship with cycle time of delivery and a moderate, significant and positive relationship with order processing. Therefore, the study concludes that ABC inventory techniques positively and significantly relates with supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas firms in River State, and recommends amongst others that, managers of midstream oil and gas companies should position strategically.

OPPORTUNITY ORIENTATION AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF MICRO-FINANCE BANKS IN PORTHARCOURT

2026-01-28T10:37:55+00:00

This study examined the association between opportunity orientation and marketing performance of Microfinance banks in Rivers state. The study adopted a cross sectional survey research design. The population of the study is made up of Eighteen (18)microfinance banks that are insured by the Nigerian Deposit Insurance company (NDIC), and operating in Rivers State, Nigeria.. Given this small population size, which is less than thirty (30), a census study was undertaken. The study utilized structured questionnaire in collecting primary data. A total of seventy two (72) copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the managers of microfinance banks under study. Out of the sixty six (66) copies of the questionnaire returned, only sixty four (64) of them were utilized in data analysis. The Spearman Rank-order correlation technique was employed as the test statistic. The bivariate correlation analysis was carried out on the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study concluded that opportunity orientation significantly influences marketing performance of the studied microfinance banks, in terms of growth in sales and Customer Base. These findings suggest that microfinance institutions should foster an opportunity-oriented culture in order to increase their sales and customer base, as these can lead to increased profitability and long term sustainability.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF FOOD AND BEVERAGES FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-02-08T21:52:25+00:00

The business environment is volatile and dynamic; it takes a firm that is entrepreneurial orientated to survive. To this end, this study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organisational performance of Food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. Three (3) objectives, three (3) research questions and three (3) hypotheses were tested. The study adopted correlational survey design; the population of this study consisted of 25 food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. The study adopted a census approach and studied the entire population. The instrument was administered in the frame of 4 copies per firm; the reliability of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach's alpha test instrument with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and it stood at 0.78 higher than the benchmark of 0.7. The data collected for this study were analyzed through inferential statistics. The spearman rank-order correlation technique was employed to test the various hypotheses formulated. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial orientation showed a positive and significant relationship with organisational performance of food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. The results from the bivariate analysis confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between entrepreneurial orientation (proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and innovativeness) and organisational performance of food and beverages firms in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurial orientation via its dimensions is a panacea for gaining organisational performance. in line with the findings and conclusions; the paper recommends that food and beverages firms should be proactive in all ramification; they should be quick and swift in responding to market needs; they should be competitive aggressive and challenge competitions in order to gain entry or strengthen its existing position in the marketplace, geared towards surpassing industry rivals and should be innovative and always come up with novel products and services that will catch the customer’s attention.

THE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

2026-02-13T20:35:48+00:00

This study investigated the impact of poor infrastructural facilities on the quality of Business
Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Guided by three research questions and
hypotheses, an ex post facto (causal-comparative) research design was adopted. The
population comprised 18,740 lecturers and students of Business Education in Nigerian
tertiary institutions, from which a sample of 392 respondents (72 lecturers and 320
students) was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through a
validated questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and analyzed using mean,
standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression at a 0.05 level of
significance. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between infrastructural
facilities and the quality of Business Education: ICT facilities (r = 0.652, p < 0.05), electricity
supply (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), and physical learning facilities (r = 0.601, p < 0.05).
Regression results indicated that these variables jointly accounted for 53.6% of the variance
(R² = 0.536) in Business Education quality, with ICT exerting the strongest influence (β =
0.412). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructural facilities significantly hinder
teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and skill acquisition in Business Education. It
recommended increased funding, stronger public–private partnerships, stable power
supply, and the prioritization of ICT integration and facility maintenance to improve Business
Education quality in Nigeria.

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF COLLABORATIVE AND PROBLEM-SOLVING TEACHING METHODS ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN GOVERNMENT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-21T21:55:39+00:00

The study examined effects of collaborative and problem-solving teaching methods on academic achievement of Financial Accounting Students in Government secondary schools in Taraba state Nigeria. The study had four objectives, three research questions, and three null hypotheses. The study used quasi-experimental research design. The population of the study was 573 SSII students in Government secondary schools in Taraba state, Nigeria. Out of these population a sample of 80 financial accounting students were used from three intact classes. These three intact classes were purposively selected from three different government secondary schools within the study area. A researcher developed Financial Accounting Achievement Test (FAAT) used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by experts. A pilot test was carried out at Government Capital School Yola. Cronbach Alfa was used to determine the reliability coefficient of the instrument. The teaching experiment period lasted for six weeks. The data collected for the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation too answer the research questions, t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses one and two while null hypothesis three was tested using ANOVA and Scheffe Post Hoc Pairwise Comparison test. All the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 levels of significance. The study revealed that there was a significant difference in the mean scores of students taught financial accounting using collaborative, problem-solving and lecture teaching methods. With collaborative and problem solving having the highest mean sores. Indicating students do better when taught financial accounting using these two methods of teaching. Based on these findings the study concluded that collaborative and problem-solving method of teaching was found to improve financial accounting students’ academic achievement. the study recommended the usage of problem-solving teaching method by teachers of financial accounting should be enforced by the schools’ authorities for improve students’ academic achievement.

BUSINESS ETIQUETTE DYNAMICS: THE GOAD FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF REAL ESTATE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T08:55:11+00:00

Abstract
The main aim of the study was to ascertain the relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the human relations theory by Elton Mayo as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The targeted population comprised the entire leadership of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt. As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, six (6) managers were chosen from branch offices of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt, giving us a sample of ninety (90) managers. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. Eighty-Six (86) copies of questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis. Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of business etiquette dynamics in this study should be adopted by real estate firms in Port Harcourt, so as to drive the competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt

IMPACT OF THINK -PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FROM SOME SELECTED SCHOOLS IN JAMA’A LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-06T11:16:49+00:00

The study investigated the Impact Of Think-Pair-Share Strategy on Students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Basic Science and Technology from some Selected Schools in Jama’a Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study had three objectives, three research questions that guided the study and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study anchored on social constructivist theory of human learning by Vygotsky, 1978. A quasi-experimental design pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group was used. Population of the study was 1153 JS 2 students offering Basic Science and Technology for 2024/2025 academic section. A sample of 158 JS 2 Basic Science and Technology students from two schools were obtained using random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was Basic Science and Technology Retention Test (BSTRT) . The instrument was validated by three experts, two in the Department of Science Education and Technology and one in the department of Educational Foundations, all from the University of Jos. The reliability was established using Kuder Richardson 20(KR-20) for BSTAT which yielded coefficient of 0.76. The experimental group was taught using think- pair -share strategy while the control group was taught using lecture method. The treatment lasted for six weeks. The students were given post -test and delay post-test. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that there were significance differences in the mean academic achievement scores of students taught using think -pair-share strategy than those taught using lecture method, the findings also revealed that the strategy is gender friendly. It was recommended among others that seminars, workshops and conferences should be organized by school heads to orient Basic Science and Technology teachers on how to used think-pair- share strategy in teaching.

INNOVATION CAPABILITIES AND SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF MSMES IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-03-06T12:44:24+00:00

This study examined the relationship between innovation capabilities specifically Product Innovation Capability, Process Innovation Capability, and Marketing Innovation Capability and the sustainable performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design involving 20 MSMEs operational for over a decade, with data collected from 40 managerial respondents using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank-order correlation to test three hypotheses at a 0.01 significance level. The results indicated a very strong positive relationship between Product Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.905, p < 0.01), a strong positive relationship between Process Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.690, p < 0.01), and a moderate to strong positive relationship between Marketing Innovation Capability and Sustainable Performance (r = 0.557, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that innovation capabilities significantly influence MSMEs’ ability to maintain long-term financial, operational, and competitive sustainability. The study recommends practical strategies for MSMEs to strengthen these innovation capabilities to enhance sustainable performance.

USING NEWTON-RAPHSON'S METHOD TO CALCULATE THE APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS OF THE VARIABLES OF A NON-LINEAR MODEL EQUATION FOR CHOLERA DISEASE AFTER SOME ITERATIONS.

2026-03-11T14:36:10+00:00

To solve a nonlinear equation, the Newton-Raphson technique employs the idea of iterative approximation. Every iteration is used to improve the original guess value for the answer and bring it closer to the real solution. By calculating the derivative of the nonlinear equation at that point, the iterations are based on linearization around the current guess. The guess is updated using the linear approximation by deducting the linearization's value from the prior guess. Until the precise answer is found, this procedure is repeated. In order to solve the non-linear equations, an iterative technique is a mathematical procedure that is utilized as a starting value to build a series of improving approximation solutions. This work aims to employ the Newton-Raphson approach to ascertain the convergence (approximate solution in variables) of the equations of a nonlinear infectious disease model after multiple iterations using Matlab. After that, an Excel program is used to plot the iteration graph.

ENTREPRENUERIAL INNOVATIVENESS AND DIGITAL MARKETING PERFORMANCE IN FINTECH INDUSTRY IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-03-26T10:22:26+00:00

This study empirically examined the relationship between entrepreneurial innovativeness and digital marketing performance in the fintech industry in the South-South region of Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted to achieve the study objectives. The population comprised thirty-six (36) fintech firms registered with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as of 2025 and operating within the South-South geopolitical zone. Primary data were collected through self-administered structured questionnaires, with ten (10) copies distributed to managerial staff in each firm, resulting in a total sample size of three hundred and sixty (360) respondents. The research instrument was subjected to validity and reliability testing, including a test–retest procedure, to ensure consistency and accuracy of measurement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to address research questions, while the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was employed to test the formulated hypotheses, with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. The findings revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial innovativeness and digital marketing performance in the fintech industry. This suggests that firms that continuously adopt innovative approaches are more likely to enhance marketing outcomes, including improved sales performance and customer retention. The study concludes that sustaining entrepreneurial innovativeness is essential for improving digital marketing performance in fintech firms. It recommends that financial institutions should leverage the growing adoption of fintech platforms by forming strategic partnerships with technology providers, thereby enhancing service delivery, expanding market reach, and contributing to broader economic growth and development.

PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:14:20+00:00

This study examined the relationship between predictive analytics and employee productivity, specifically focusing on efficiency and continuous improvement, in construction firms in South-South Nigeria. Anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. A structured questionnaire was administered to 152 valid respondents drawn from 18 purposively selected construction firms in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between predictive analytics and efficiency (r = 0.685, p < 0.05) and between predictive analytics and continuous improvement (r = 0.712, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected. These results suggest that the adoption of AI-driven predictive analytics tools substantially enhances operational speed, resource planning, error reduction, innovation, and iterative process improvement among construction workers. The study recommends that construction firms in the region invest in predictive analytics systems integrated with existing project management workflows, supported by targeted digital upskilling programs.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ PHOTOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION COMPLIANCE THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, MUBI APPLICATION PORTAL

2026-04-01T06:31:31+00:00

The accurate submission of photographic identification on application forms is crucial for identity verification and fraud prevention in academic institutions. This study evaluated the implementation and challenges of recommended photo uploads on Federal Polytechnic, Mubi (FPM) application portal. A descriptive survey was conducted, distributing four hundred and three (403) questionnaires to students, staff, and business center operators. Three hundred and ninety (390) filled questionnaires were returned. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage). Findings revealed that a significant number of students still upload non-recommended photographs due to limited awareness, lack of portal restrictions, and unclear guidelines. The study recommends training programs, awareness campaigns, and portal restrictions to improve compliance with photographic identification standards.

INFORMATION SECURITY STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE RISK MANAGEMENT IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-23T17:35:06+00:00

This study examined information security strategy and administrative risk management in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on the Information Security Management (ISM) Theory and the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework, the study adopted a correlational survey research design. The predictor variable, information security strategy, was operationalized along two dimensions: cybersecurity policy implementation and data access control mechanisms. The criterion variable, administrative risk management, was measured by risk identification efficiency and risk mitigation effectiveness. The population comprised 428 administrative officers drawn from five selected public tertiary institutions in Rivers State, from which a sample of 204 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane’s formula and selected through stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87 was employed for data collection. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and simple linear regression, at 0.05 level of significance, were used to test the null hypotheses. Results revealed that information security strategy had a significant positive relationship with risk identification efficiency (r = .641, p < .05) and risk mitigation effectiveness (r = .618, p < .05). The study concludes that information security strategy is a significant positive predictor of administrative risk management outcomes in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. It was recommended that tertiary institutions should institutionalise comprehensive cybersecurity policies and strengthen data access control protocols to enhance their administrative risk management capacity.

SUSTAINING FAMILY BUSINESS LEGACY IN NIGERIA THROUGH EFFECTIVE SUCCESSION PLANNING

2026-04-26T19:18:28+00:00

Purpose. This study investigates the impact of succession planning on the sustainability of family businesses in Nigeria. The purpose is to identify effective succession planning strategies that can ensure long-term sustainability of family businesses. Objective. The objective is to examine the relationship between succession planning and business sustainability. Methodology. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study surveyed 200 family business owners and conducted in-depth interviews with 30 industry experts. Findings. The findings reveal that effective succession planning is crucial for ensuring business continuity, innovation, and growth. The study also identifies key challenges in succession planning, including lack of clear communication, inadequate training, and resistance to change. Originality. This study's originality lies in its focus on the Nigerian context, providing insights into the unique challenges and opportunities faced by family businesses in the region. Implications. The implications suggest that family business owners and policymakers should prioritize succession planning to ensure business sustainability. Recommendations. Recommendations include developing clear succession plans, providing training and development opportunities for successors, and fostering a culture of innovation and adaptability.

DEMOCRACY STABILITY IN NIGERIA – “THE BLACK GOLD CRISES” A STUDY OF IJAW NATION STATE

2026-04-27T08:29:01+00:00

The ljaw Nation state is a very important part of the country. It is the major source of the wealth of the nation. In spite of its economic relevance to the country, the area remains impoverished The poverty level and under-development in the region is nothing to write home about. It is due to this obnoxious situation, that these studies tend to understand the cause and the way forward to study this unacceptable situation, this research, reviled wholly on secondary data, that is library research Textbooks, magazines, journals, newspapers and the internet were consulted and relied upon as the relevant sources of data. One of the findings is political marginalization depicted in their minor representation in government. Another is the favorable revenue allocation formula and thirdly, is the unacceptable environmental condition of the oil producing communities of South-South, Nigeria, should be given adequate number of positions in the political decision-making body. Secondly, the revenue allocation formula should be reviewed to 50% derivation of oil producing states and thirdly, to fashion out remediation programmes to address the environmental degradation in the oil producing communities by federal government and oil companies. Also, there is every need to fast-track development activities in the ljaw minority ethnic group.

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT ADOPTION AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-05-18T05:40:30+00:00

This study examined the relationship between logistics management adoption and marketing performance of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. This study adopted the correlation survey research. The population of the study comprised 30 food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. Based on the population of the study. The study adopted a census approach with a focus on the staff (transport manager, distribution manager and warehousing manager). To ascertain the respondents, the questionnaire was distributed in batches of three (3) copies per headquarter branch. A total of ninety (90) copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Copies of the questionnaire were administered and distributed to the management staff of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The reliability of the study was tested using the Cronbach Alpha method. The study employed the Spearman Rank-order Correlation Coefficient for testing the hypotheses formulated for the study. The findings of the study established that transport cost showed a positive and significant relationship with profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. It also confirmed that warehouse cost showed a positive and significant relationship with profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. It was concluded that logistics management cost is a precursor to profitability growth of food and beverage industry in Rivers State. The study recommends that food and beverage firms should incorporate transport management (vehicle scheduling and route planning) in their operations processes and warehouse management strategy such as just-in-time (JIT) should be used to manage the warehouse.

STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN FIVE STAR HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-26T23:01:29+00:00

The study examined the relationship between structural change and employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of structural Change interact with employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Findings revealed that there is a relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Also, there is a moderating role of organisational culture on the relationship between structural change and employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The study also concluded that structural change correlate with employee commitment, and it is being moderated by the organizational culture. The study recommended amongst others that management of five star hotels adopt and implement strategies that supports employee hard work in terms of task execution and reward them appropriately to boast their morale and commitment.

ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN NIGERIA

2026-02-07T21:52:55+00:00

This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial leadership styles on the organizational performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, with particular focus on financial and innovation performance as key indicators of competitiveness and sustainability. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 371 owner–managers of SMEs across Lagos, Rivers, Abuja, and Kano states using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression techniques to examine relationships and predictive effects. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial leadership exerts a significant and positive influence on both financial performance (β = .62, p < .001) and innovation performance (β = .68, p < .001). Findings indicate that behaviours such as opportunity recognition, proactiveness, strategic risk-taking, and employee empowerment are critical drivers of organizational success within the Nigerian SME sector. The study concludes that SMEs led by entrepreneurial leaders are better positioned to attain competitive advantage, enhanced profitability, and sustained innovation. Based on these insights, it recommends targeted leadership development programs, capacity-building initiatives, and policy interventions to strengthen entrepreneurial competencies among SME leaders in Nigeria.

DIGITAL FORENSICS STRATEGIES: A PROCESS FOR UNLOCKING SUSTAINABLE ADMINISTRATIVE EXCELLENCE

2026-02-08T22:58:57+00:00

This paper on digital forensics strategies: A process for unlocking sustainable administrative excellence explored how digital forensics strategies boost sustainable administrative excellence in a business environment. The objective was to examine how the dimensions of digital forensics strategies, such as incident response and machine learning algorithms, relate to sustainable administrative excellence measures, such as policy adherence and operational efficiency. To achieve this objective, the paper employed a survey of literature. Based on the survey of literature and qualitative content analysis, the paper found that digital forensics strategies significantly enhance sustainable administrative excellence by strengthening policy adherence and operational efficiency. The paper concluded that integrating incident response strategies with machine learning algorithms is critical for fostering sustainable administrative excellence. More so, organizations should consciously invest in digital forensics strategies, and align forensic strategies with administrative policies to enhance sustainable administrative excellence. It therefore recommended that Organizations should develop and regularly update incident response plans that outline specific steps for identifying, mitigating, and recovering from security threats to ensure sustainable administrative excellence. Organizations should incorporate automated tools into their evidence collection frameworks to streamline the identification, preservation, and documentation of digital evidence.

INFORMATION SECURITY AND OFFICE MANAGER’S JOB PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-02-20T22:50:32+00:00

The study examined the relationship between information security and office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Sampling Formula. In order to address the differences in the distribution of the population across the firms, Bowley’s 1960 Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was applied. Thus, the study adopted the random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Test-retest Method. In line with the sample size, a total of One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) copies of the validated questionnaire were distributed to the targeted audience through the help of two research assistants. The researchers were able to retrieve One Hundred and Fifty (150) copies of the entire validated questionnaire distributed. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used for the research question analyses, while the test of hypotheses was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between information security and office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that information security correlates with office manager’s job performance in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. When information assets are safeguarded, office managers are better positioned to coordinate resources, maintain accuracy in records, and supervise staff without the distraction of security breaches or data loss. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security, and reliability of records management.

ADMINISTRATIVE STRATEGY AND PUBLIC SECTOR EFFECTIVENESS: THE DIGITAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TRIANGULATION

2026-03-03T14:20:54+00:00

This study empirically examines the relationship between administrative strategy, digital information management, and public sector effectiveness in Rivers State, Nigeria, against the backdrop of persistent bureaucratic inertia and operational delays within government institutions in the Niger Delta. Using a descriptive correlational survey design, data were collected from a stratified sample of 350 administrative and technical personnel drawn from five public institutions. The study analyzed how strategic dimensions of process automation and data integration influence public sector effectiveness, measured through institutional efficiency and responsiveness. Data were analyzed using multiple regression and path analysis techniques. The findings reveal that administrative strategy significantly predicts institutional efficiency (R² = 0.617) and responsiveness (R² = 0.491).
In addition, digital information management systems were found to exert a substantial mediating effect, accounting for 56.6 percent of the variance in the relationship between administrative strategy and performance outcomes. The results demonstrate that improvements in public sector effectiveness depend on the alignment of technical infrastructure with a strategic information culture capable of transforming digital investments into actionable administrative outcomes. The study therefore recommends the institutionalization of cohesive digital governance policies and continuous workforce capacity development to enhance the accuracy, timeliness, and quality of administrative decision-making in Rivers State.

SHORT TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON ASSETS OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T10:28:32+00:00

This study investigated the effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The objective was to determine short-term debt and return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in NigeriaThe study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of short-term debt on return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of short- term debt on return on assets, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing.

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT AMONG SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA

2026-03-06T11:46:37+00:00

This study examined the relationship between domestic violence and social adjustment among school-age children in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. Specifically, it investigated how physical and emotional violence influenced children’s ability to interact with peers, regulate emotions, and adapt to school settings. A descriptive survey design was employed, with a sample of 400 school-age children selected using stratified random sampling across primary and junior secondary schools. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire measuring domestic violence exposure and social adjustment. The instrument was pre-tested, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation to test the study hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a moderate negative correlation between physical violence and social adjustment (r = -0.462, p = 0.001), and a moderate negative correlation between emotional violence and social adjustment (r = -0.398, p = 0.001). These results indicate that higher exposure to both forms of domestic violence is associated with lower levels of social adjustment among school-age children. The study concluded that domestic violence significantly compromises children’s peer interactions, emotional regulation, and school adaptation. The findings underscore the importance of early interventions, counseling, and supportive environments to mitigate the effects of domestic violence on children’s social development. Recommendations include parental education, school-based counseling programs, community awareness initiatives, enforcement of anti-domestic violence policies, and early identification of affected children.

EVALUATION OF SENIOR SECONDARY MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION USING CIPP MODEL IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA, RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T13:38:30+00:00

This study evaluated the implementation of the senior secondary school mathematics curriculum in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area (LGA), Rivers State, using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. A descriptive survey design was adopted, with the entire population of 72 mathematics teachers from public senior secondary schools in the LGA serving as respondents. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire (reliability index = 0.77) and analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and linear regression at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that while stakeholders including the government, religious bodies, and communities play significant roles, contextual factors contribute 37.9% to curriculum achievement. Input factors, such as instructional materials and qualified teachers, accounted for 50.8%, while process variables, reflecting effective teaching methodologies, explained 20.5%. Jointly, context, input, and process variables contributed 60.3% to achieving the curriculum objectives. Students demonstrated a high level of assimilation of mathematical content, particularly in reasoning, problem-solving, logical thinking, and positive attitudes toward mathematics. The study concludes that effective teaching practices, adequate resources, and a supportive learning environment are crucial for achieving the objectives of the senior secondary mathematics curriculum. It recommends sustained government support, continuous teacher professional development, adequate provision of instructional materials, adoption of formative assessment practices, and stronger stakeholder collaboration to enhance curriculum delivery and student achievement.

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION INTEGRATION AND WORKFORCE READINESS AMONG ACCOUNTING EDUCATION STUDENTS IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS

2026-03-21T13:04:19+00:00

This study examined the relationship between technological innovation integration and workforce readiness among accounting education students in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The study was motivated by the growing demand for accounting graduates who possess

digital competencies required for modern technology-driven workplaces. A correlational

research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 259 final-year

Business Education students offering accounting-related courses from the Federal College

of Education (Technical), Omoku, Rivers State and Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka,

Anambra State. The sample size of 155 respondents was determined using the Krejcie and

Morgan sample size determination formula. Data were collected using a structured

questionnaire titled Technological Innovation Integration and Workforce Readiness

Questionnaire (TIIWRQ) developed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by

experts in Business Education and Measurement and Evaluation, while a reliability

coefficient of 0.82 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. Pearson Product Moment Correlation

was used to answer the research questions and test the corresponding hypotheses at a

0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that accounting software integration has a

strong positive relationship with workforce readiness among accounting education students.

The study also found that digital learning platforms significantly contribute to students’

technological competence and workplace preparedness. Furthermore, exposure to data

analytics technologies was found to significantly enhance students’ analytical skills and

readiness for modern accounting practice. Based on the findings, the study concluded that

effective integration of technological innovations into accounting education programmes

improves the workforce readiness of accounting education students in Nigerian tertiary

institutions. The study therefore recommended that tertiary institutions should strengthen the integration of accounting software, digital learning platforms, and data analytics

technologies in accounting education programmes in order to equip students with the

technological competencies required in contemporary accounting workplaces.

FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY AND EMPLOYEE JOB COMMITMENT IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-27T22:10:35+00:00

This study examined the relationship between financial flexibility and employee job commitment, specifically focusing on affective commitment and continuance commitment dimensions, among employees of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on Social Exchange Theory, Organizational Support Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model. Adopting an explanatory cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 124 usable responses drawn from a target population of 209 employees using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination formula. A validated structured questionnaire served as the primary data collection instrument, and Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was used for hypothesis testing with the aid of SPSS version 25. Findings revealed that financial flexibility had a moderate and significant positive relationship with affective commitment (r = 0.602, p < 0.05) and a significant positive relationship with continuance commitment (r = 0.479, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming the importance of financial flexibility as a strategic determinant of employee commitment in the banking sector. The study concluded that DMBs that institutionalize robust financial flexibility practices including incentive-based pay, profit-sharing and flexible compensation schemes significantly enhance employees' emotional attachment to, and perceived cost of leaving, their organizations. Recommendations were made for bank management to design competitive, transparent, and performance-aligned financial reward systems to strengthen employee commitment and reduce turnover intentions.

PURPOSEFUL PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A PANACEA FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT - CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:46:26+00:00

The existence of poor project planning and implementation culture is an anti-thesis to development. This is because the growth of any nation is essentially dependent on successful execution of critical development projects and infrastructures. The purpose of this paper is to explore the current issues around project planning and implementation in Nigeria’s public sector vis-à-vis international best practices. The methodology adopted was a documentary review of past and current literature which enhance critical and contextual analysis of project implementation and execution culture in the country. It was found that the three tiers of government have not really planned, implemented and executed projects with due diligence in accordance with global best practices. Thus there exists a widespread institutional mediocrity in project execution, deficiency of vision, and inadequate budgetary allocations leading to high cost of project financing and corruption in the long run. The paper recommends amongst other things the establishment of National Public Projects Implementation System (NPPIS),public projects governance institutional framework and project management offices (PMOs), in Ministries Departments and Agencies to support processes for better public projects delivery system.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF NIGERIAN REFINERIES USING PINCH TECHNOLOGY A CASE STUDY OF THE CRUDE DISTILLATION UNIT OF PORT HARCOURT REFINERY, ALESA ELEME

2026-04-14T09:24:31+00:00

The crude distillation unit (CDU) of the New Port Harcourt Refinery, with a processing capacity of 150,000
barrels per day, was adopted as the case study for this project. The research was motivated by measurable
production and energy losses arising from frequent plant downtime, inefficient energy utilization, and
inadequacies in process network dynamics and control. Pinch Analysis was applied to the heat exchanger
network (HEN) of the CDU using Aspen Pinch 11.1, a commercial process integration software. The study
involved the collection of relevant process data, including the CDU process flow diagram, energy balance
flow sheets, plant operating records, plant information system (PI) data, and heat exchanger operational
data obtained from the PI system. From these sources, the required data for pinch analysis were extracted
and converted into pinch-compatible thermal data. The analysis procedure included the development of
problem tables, construction of composite and grand composite curves, determination of the pinch point,
energy and area targets, and grid representation of the heat exchanger networks. This approach enabled
the identification of heat exchangers that crossed the pinch, violated pinch design rules, and contributed to
energy penalties. The total computational time for the analysis was 141,039 CPU seconds, executed on a
3.2 GHz Intel® Core™2 T5200 laptop with 1024 MB RAM. The analysis was conducted at minimum
temperature differences (ΔTmin) ranging from 20 to 40 °C, consistent with values established for the oil
refining industry. A flowsheet comprising 23 heat exchangers distributed across three networks formed the
basis of the study: HEN-1 with 7 exchangers and 25 nodes, HEN-2 with 12 exchangers and 36 nodes, and
HEN-3 with 4 exchangers and 18 nodes. Results showed that HEN-1 exhibited poor and unclear grid
representation, leading to uncertainties in pinch location, cross-pinch effects, penalties, and stream
matching. HEN-2 demonstrated a clearer grid structure, allowing accurate identification of pinch location,
cross-pinch effects, and exchangers violating pinch rules. At ΔTmin = 20 °C, HEN-2 achieved heat balance, optimal stream matching, and zero cross-pinch effect, requiring only minimal retrofitting. Conversely, HEN 3 produced unsatisfactory results across all ΔTmin values, indicating the need for complete retrofitting. Even then, optimal performance may not be achievable due to its low potential for process-to-process heat recovery. Overall, the study revealed heat imbalance, poor stream matching, and moderate cross-pinch
effects across the CDU HEN, confirming the need for total network retrofitting. The findings further demonstrate that the design of an energy-efficient HEN is highly dependent on the selected ΔTmin, with each network exhibiting unique performance characteristics under different conditions.

PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP ACCOUNTABILITY AND DECISIVENESS ON STAFF PRODUCTIVITY IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE

2026-04-26T18:40:48+00:00

The researcher studied on Perceived influence of Leadership accountability and Decisiveness on Staff Productivity in Public Universities in Rivers state. The descriptive survey research was carried out in three public universities in Rivers state. The population of the study includes the teaching and non-teaching staff in the three public universities in Rivers State which is about 3,419 staff (Uniport - 1,442, RSU – 1,584, Ajuru – 393) the teaching staff 1,519 and non-teaching staff 1,900. 13% of the entire population was sampled; 200 teaching and 250 non-teaching staff. The instrument for data collection was a researcher made questionnaire titled Perceived influence of Leadership Accountability and Decisiveness on Staff Productivity in Public Universities (PLADSPPU). The instrument used was a 10-item questionnaire developed on the modified four-point Likert scale, with responses ranging from Very High Extent, High Extent, Very Low Extent and Low Extent (VHE=4, HE=3, VLE=2 and LE=1) to answer the two research questions. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was adopted in determining the reliability of the instrument. The mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha levels. Results showed that transparency and resilience as measures of effective leadership quality influence staff productivity in public universities in Rivers State. The researcher concludes that there is an understandable relationship between accountable and decisive leadership qualities and employee productivity. Therefore, the research also concludes that effective leadership is a means of creating and planning, securing resources and looking out for and improving errors plays an essential role in motivating employees. Recommendations among others were made that the management of academic institutions in Nigeria such as Universities in particular, should lay emphasis on accountable leadership as a factor of employee staff productivity.

UNEMPLOYMENT, POVERTY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS

2026-04-26T19:51:57+00:00

This study examined the impact of unemployment and poverty on economic development in Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of unemployment rate, poverty headcount ratio, inflation rate, and population growth rate on economic development in Nigeria. Economic development is proxied by human development index (HDI) while inflation rate and population growth rate were introduced as control variables. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, error correction mechanism (ECM), and Granger causality test were utilized to analyze annual time-series data from 1990 to 2024. The data were obtained from secondary sources including Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin for 2024, National Bureau of Statistics, and World Bank development indicators. The findings from the study revealed that unemployment rate and population growth rate have insignificant negative impact on economic development while poverty and inflation rate have significant negative impact on economic development. The study concludes that unemployment and poverty adversely affect the development of the Nigerian economy. Among other things, the study recommends that policies and programmes that will reduce the number of unemployed and poor persons in the country should be implemented.

HOME MANAGEMENT AND VOCATIONAL SKILLS ACQUISITION: REMEDY TO YOUTH RESTIVENESS AND INSECURITY IN NIGERIA

2026-05-07T06:11:04+00:00

The paper surveys home management and vocational skills acquisition as panacea to insecurity and youth restiveness in Nigeria. Youth restiveness, occasioned by unemployment, income inequality, and political exclusion has led to the rise of youth protest groups whose activities sometimes turn violent. The violent protests constitute security breaches, manifested through insurgency, kidnapping, crude oil bunkering communal clashes, murder, armed robbery and farmer-herder clashes. Most of these crimes are perpetuated by the youth. The paper argues that effective and sustained home management, as a key aspect of Home Economics Education, and vocational skills acquisition, have the tendency to deal with youth restiveness and insecurity. This is because when the home is properly positioned where families make informed decisions, monitor their children’ activities, as well as instill in the children discipline and moral values, they are not likely to constitute any security challenge in their later years. Equally, skills acquired by the youth will enable them to utilize those skills by setting up food canteens, cosmetics, barbing and hairdressing salons, as well as electrical and electronic repair shops. They will also be able to find employment, as fashion designers, digital marketers and tailors. Unwillingness of the youth to acquire skills, their get-rich-quick syndrome, as well as poorly equipped training environment and parents’ continuous absence from the home are challenges to acquiring vocational skills as a means to curbing youth unemployment and restiveness. The paper recommends, among others, that the youth in Nigeria need to renounce violence, deradicalize and pursue functional skills training, either formally or informally, and in spite of growing need to work, parents need to pay attention to managing the home. This requires effective planning, supervision and effective decision making.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND LIVELIHOOD SUSTAINABILITY IN OIL AND GAS HOST COMMUNITIES IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS

2026-05-19T06:37:08+00:00

The study examined environmental management practices and livelihood sustainability in oil and gas host communities in Port Harcourt Metropolis. A cross sectional design was adopted. The population comprised households in selected oil and gas host communities within the metropolis. A total of 200 respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. In the first stage, purposive sampling was used to select oil- and gas-bearing communities within Port Harcourt metropolis. In the second stage, proportionate sampling was applied to select four communities, one each from the North, South, East, and West (Choba, Elelenwo, Eneka, and Trans-Amadi) to represent the study area. The study examined environmental management techniques and livelihood sustainability in the oil and gas host communities of Port Harcourt Metropolis. A cross-sectional design was employed. The population was made up of households in some of the city's oil and gas host communities. A total of 200 respondents were selected through a multistage sampling process. In the first phase, oil and gas-producing communities in the Port Harcourt metropolitan area were selected using purposeful sampling. Using proportionate sampling, four communities—one from each of the North, South, East, and West—were selected to represent the research region in the second stage: Choba, Elelenwo, Eneka, and Trans-Amadi. It was concluded that the current environmental management efforts are insufficient to support sustainable livelihoods. It recommended among others that Government and regulatory agencies should enhance enforcement and monitoring of environmental management practices to ensure proper implementation and compliance by oil companies in Port Harcourt Metropolis.

WORKERS SOLIDARITY AND INDUSTRIAL GOAL ATTAINMENT OF OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-01-26T21:53:43+00:00

This study examined the relationship between workers' solidarity and industrial goal attainment within oil servicing firms operating in Rivers State, Nigeria. The research specifically investigated the connections between mutual support and workforce stability, as well as between shared values and profitability. The study was anchored on Social Exchange Theory. A correlational survey design was employed, with data collected via questionnaire from 102 managers and supervisors across 17 registered firms. The data were analysed using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The results revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between mutual support and workforce stability, indicating that greater cooperation among employees is associated with higher retention and commitment. Furthermore, a strong and significant positive relationship was found between shared values and profitability, suggesting that alignment of employee and organizational values enhances financial performance. These findings underscore the critical role of social dynamics, such as solidarity, in achieving key industrial objectives within the high-risk and technically demanding context of the oil servicing sector. The study concludes that fostering mutual support and shared values among workers is instrumental for improving workforce stability and profitability, thereby contributing to the overall goal attainment of firms. It was recommended among others that oil servicing firms should implement team-building programs and peer-support initiatives to strengthen mutual support among employees, thereby enhancing workforce stability.

TRADE UNION DYNAMICS AND INDUSTRIAL PEACE OF OIL SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-28T10:15:14+00:00

This research explored the dynamics of trade unions and the level of industrial harmony in oil
servicing companies located in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim was to analyze the connection between
various aspects of trade union dynamics and indicators of industrial peace. This study was based on
the principles of Social Exchange Theory. A correlational survey approach was utilized for the
research, gathering data from 161 supervisors and managers in 22 different companies through a
carefully designed questionnaire. To evaluate the hypotheses, Spearman’s rank-order correlation
analysis was implemented. The findings indicated a statistically significant but weak positive
correlation between digital involvement and fair pay. Additionally, a robust and statistically
significant positive relationship was identified between clear communication and trust between
parties. The results suggest that the use of digital technologies somewhat enhances perceptions of
fair wages, while transparent communication is essential in fostering trust within labor and
management relationships. It was determined that improving these specific practices related to
unions can significantly aid in achieving industrial tranquility in the industry. The research suggested
that oil servicing companies should enhance their digital engagement frameworks to increase
transparency and encourage more equitable practices in remuneration

IMPACT OF GREEN MARKETING STRATEGIES ON CONSUMER TRUST IN SOLAR ENERGY ADOPTION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-08T21:32:49+00:00

This study on green marketing strategies and consumer trust in solar energy adoption in Rivers State employs a quantitative research design, using a survey approach to collect data from residential solar energy users and business owners who have adopted solar energy solutions. Three research questions were posed and three hypotheses tested. The population size consist of 5,500, comprising 2,500 residential solar energy users and 3,000 business owners. A sample size of 357 participants was selected using Taro Yamane formula, and a stratified random sampling technique was employed to select participants from the population, dividing them into two strata: residential solar energy users and business owners. Participants were randomly selected from each stratum using a random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, divided into sections to capture information on demographic characteristics, green marketing strategies, consumer trust, and solar energy adoption. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation while hypothesis were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) at 0.05 significant. The findings from the analysis reveal that green marketing strategies, such as highlighting eco-friendly benefits, promoting environmental responsibility, and creating a green brand identity, significantly influence consumer trust and loyalty towards solar energy products. It was concluded that green marketing strategies influence on consumer trust in solar energy adoption in Rivers State is to a high extent. The study therefore recommends that solar energy marketers should highlight the eco-friendly benefits of their products and services to appeal to consumers who prioritize environmental sustainability.

ASSESSMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE TEACHERS AND STUDENTS’ CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE OF GLOBAL WARMING IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-09T15:17:31+00:00

The research focused on secondary school science teachers and students’ knowledge of global warming in Jalingo education zone of Taraba State, Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design. The study population comprised of 2896 secondary school students and 899 secondary school teachers in Jalingo Education Zone of Taraba State. Kreycie Morgan table of sample determination was used to sample 340 senior secondary school students and 269 secondary school teachers. Thirty four (34) secondary school students were selected from 10 secondary schools each using random stratified technique. Secondary School Students and Teachers’ Knowledge on Global Warming Questionnaire (SSTKGQ) was used for the study. The instruments were validated by three experts. Two from Science Education Department and one from Measurement and Evaluation. The instrument was subjected to reliability test using Cronbach Alpha statistics. A reliability index of 0.84 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while independent sample test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that both students and teachers of secondary schools have knowledge about global warming, there is a significant difference in knowledge about global warming among secondary
school teachers and Students based on gender. It was recommended that Based on the findings of this study, government should integrate climate education into school curriculum and promote gender responsive climate training for teachers.

Conceptualizing The Pros and Cons of Virtual Training and Development in Organisations

2026-02-21T20:57:43+00:00

The advent of Covid-19 pandemic has forced various organizations to embrace different technologies in a way that there is a remarkable shift from the traditional methods of training and development. The traditional methods of training and development have been revolutionised by virtual means through the aid of various technologies. Overtime state-owned institutions have embraced virtual training and development which is one of the Human Resource Management practices and academia in an attempt to catch up with the trends have also embarked on divers academic exercises through virtual processes. The basic notion of the term training and development is to improve the knowledge, ability, skills, and competencies amongst employees which eventually leads to better-quality of job performance and achievement of orgnisational goals. It is also known as computer-based training, and development, remote learning, and e-learning, an instruction that takes place entirely on the internet. The virtual or online platform contains many multimedia components, including images, audio, video, and web links. People do online training courses, particularly those given by international institutions, making online training more popular and widely used. Virtual learning, often known as remote learning or online education, provides students/employees with the opportunity to learn at their own pace while also allowing companies to encourage employee growth. These technological advances have triggered a substantial shift in the business sector in current ages. However, this modification did not just disrupt the tools and processes adopted by businesses, nevertheless the method employees learn and make use of new data was also affected. In the traditional methods of training and development there is frequently deficit of the rate of change and the fluctuating desires amongst members of the workforce. To tackle this challenge, virtual training provides employees with the opportunity to discover real-life locations, work into different scenarios, bring their skills, abilities to bear and by so doing bridging the gap between practical application and theory. Virtual training and development have guaranteed the collaboration and interconnectivity of the workforce irrespective of their geographical locations. Golden (2021), in a study showed that approximately 85% of learning and development functions at PepsiCo had moved to virtual training platforms as at July 2020 and had remain in the training of workforce. Meaning that Virtual training and development has come to stay in organisations and all humanities.

EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE WAIST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO REDUCE PLASTIC POLLUTION IN DIOBE PORT HARCOURT RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T08:48:07+00:00

This study evaluated sustainable waste management strategies for reducing plastic pollution in Diobu, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The research adopted a mixed-methods design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches to obtain comprehensive insights into plastic waste generation, disposal practices, public awareness, and institutional challenges within the study area. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to residents and traders, as well as semi-structured interviews conducted with informal waste collectors and officials of the Rivers State Waste Management Agency (RIWAMA). Findings revealed high consumption of single-use plastics such as sachet water bags, polyethylene packaging, and plastic bottles, alongside limited waste segregation and low recycling rates. Indiscriminate dumping and open burning were identified as common disposal methods, contributing to clogged drainage systems, urban flooding, environmental degradation, and increased health risks. Although some informal recycling activities exist, they operate without formal support or structured integration into the municipal waste system. Major barriers to sustainable plastic waste management include inadequate infrastructure, weak policy enforcement, limited public awareness, and financial constraints. The study concludes that effective reduction of plastic pollution in Diobu requires a multi-stakeholder approach anchored on the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), community-based waste segregation, integration of informal waste actors, enforcement of environmental regulations, and adoption of circular economy models. The research provides practical recommendations aimed at promoting environmentally sound, economically viable, and socially inclusive waste management practices in urban Nigeria.

COMPETITIVE COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES AND INFORMATION MANAGERS’ PERFORMANCE IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T11:10:13+00:00

The study determines the relationship between wages and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between compensation techniques and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes competitive wages to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively, relate interpersonally, and as well as manage records effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

ANTI-CRISIS INNOVATION STRATEGY AND SUSTAINABLE MARKETING ORIENTATION OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS OPERATING IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-03-06T12:16:42+00:00

This study empirically examined the relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation of oi and gas firms in Port Harcourt. Anti-crisis innovation strategy was seen from defensiveness, aggressive, futurity, riskiness and proactiveness as a predictor variable to sustainable marketing orientation in terms of strategic integration, ethical capabilities, and social engagement. Cross sectional survey research design with correlational style to study a population of twenty-four oil and gas companies operating in Port Harcourt metropolises. The entire population was adopted as sample size for the study using census sampling technique with four managerial staff each making ninety-six (96) managerial staff as respondents for the study. Ninety-six (96) copies of questionnaire were produced and distributed, out of which ninety-two (92) copies were used for the study. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test the relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation of oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt. The findings revealed different degree of positive relationship between anti-crisis innovation strategy and sustainable marketing orientation. Based on the findings, the study concluded that anti-crisis innovation strategy is vital to building sustainable marketing orientation. We recommend based on the conclusion that managers within the oil and gas companies should consider the strategic role of anti-crisis innovation strategy in their pursuit of sustainable marketing orientation.

ENHANCING UNIVERSITY LAN MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE WITH INTENTBASED NETWORKING FOR OPTIMAL EFFICIENCY

2026-03-11T14:10:02+00:00

University Local Area Networks (LANs) serve as critical infrastructures supporting teaching, research, administrative services, and digital learning platforms. However, traditional LAN management approaches in many academic institutions remain manual, static, and device-centric, resulting in inefficiencies, downtime, limited scalability, and increased administrative overhead. This study investigates the application of Intent-Based Networking (IBN) as an intelligent and policy-drivenapproach to enhancing university LAN management and performance for optimal efficiency. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining quantitative network performance evaluation with qualitative survey data collected from ICT personnel. A simulated hierarchical campus LAN was implemented using Cisco Packet Tracer and automation scripts to model intent translation and policy enforcement. Performance metrics including latency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, fault recovery time, and policy consistency were evaluated. Results indicate improved packet delivery efficiency (93.13%), reduced latency across traffic types, enhanced fault tolerance,
and consistent policy enforcement with minimal manual intervention. Survey findings further reveal strong institutional readiness and high awareness of IBN among IT staff. The study concludes that Intent-Based Networking provides a scalable and intelligent framework capable of addressing operational limitations of traditional university LANs and recommends phased adoption strategies for educational institutions.

REVOLUTIONISING NEW VENTURE CREATION: THE CATALYST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING

2026-03-25T13:05:57+00:00

Purpose. This study explores the role of entrepreneurial marketing in new venture creation and opportunity identification, moving beyond traditional marketing approaches. Objective. The objective is to investigate how entrepreneurial marketing strategies and practices contribute to successful new venture creation and opportunity identification. Methodology. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. In-depth interviews with entrepreneurs and surveys of new ventures were conducted to gather insights into entrepreneurial marketing practices. Findings. The study reveals that entrepreneurial marketing plays a crucial role in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Key findings highlight the importance of proactive market scanning, innovative marketing strategies, and adaptive entrepreneurial behaviours in driving new venture success. Originality. This research contributes to the entrepreneurial marketing literature by providing new insights into the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Implications. The study's findings have implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and educators, highlighting the need for entrepreneurial marketing education and training programs that foster innovative marketing strategies and opportunity identification skills. Recommendations. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for entrepreneurs to adopt proactive and adaptive entrepreneurial marketing strategies, and for educators to integrate entrepreneurial marketing into their curricula. Future research directions are also suggested, including investigating the impact of digital marketing on entrepreneurial marketing practices.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:05:43+00:00

This study examined the relationship between Decision Support System (DSS) and human resource management practices, specifically E-Human Resource Planning (E-HRP) and E-Performance Appraisal (E-PA), in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Adopting an explanatory survey research design, data were collected from 123 respondents drawn from Access Bank Plc, Guaranty Trust Bank Plc, and United Bank for Africa Plc via structured questionnaires. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing using SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed significant positive relationships between DSS and E-Human Resource Planning (r = 0.755, p < 0.05) and between DSS and E-Performance Appraisal (r = 0.571, p < 0.05). The study concluded that DSS constitutes a critical enabler of advanced human resource management practices in the banking sector. Banks are recommended to invest in robust DSS infrastructure and build HR professionals' capacity to leverage decision analytics for strategic workforce planning and objective performance evaluation.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR ON SALES PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN THE CATERING INDUSTRY IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-29T06:27:27+00:00

This study investigated the influence of entrepreneurial behaviour on the sales performance of women entrepreneurs in the catering industry in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study had three specific purposes, three research questions and three corresponding null hypotheses guided the inquiry. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was adopted. The population comprised 29,015 registered women entrepreneurs in catering services across the 21 local government areas in Adamawa State. A sample of 395 women, drawn from four selected local government areas, was used. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Entrepreneurial Behaviour, Digital Skills and Sales Performance Questionnaire (EBDSSPQ).” The instrument was validated by three lecturers and achieved a reliability coefficient of 0.88 using Cronbach’s Alpha. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to answer the research questions and inferential statistics (simple regression) to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The results show that innovation (cluster mean = 3.23, SD = 1.34), risk-taking (grand mean = 3.19, SD = 1.33), and self-confidence (cluster mean = 3.21, SD = 1.34) were all moderately practiced and each significantly influenced sales performance. Regression analysis revealed strong positive influences: innovation (β = 0.874, t = 33.056, p < 0.05), risk-taking (β = 0.455, t = 9.381, p < 0.05), and self-confidence (β = 0.649, t = 15.679, p < 0.05). The study concludes that strengthening entrepreneurial behaviours is essential for the sustained growth and competitiveness of women-owned catering businesses. It recommends capacity-building programs focused on innovative product design, risk assessment, and enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

RURAL PLANNING IN NIGERIA: OPINION ON MAXIMIZING OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROWTH.

2026-04-16T18:02:44+00:00

This study examines the role of rural planning in maximizing opportunities for socio economic growth in Nigeria. Despite the availability of natural resources and human capital in rural areas, these regions remain underdeveloped due to poor infrastructure, limited access to finance, weak policy implementation, and inadequate stakeholder coordination. The study adopts relevant theoretical perspectives, including the Sustainable Livelihood Theory and Growth Pole Theory, to explain how proper planning and resource utilization can improve rural development outcomes. Empirical evidence from recent studies shows that investment in infrastructure, financial inclusion, entrepreneurship, and human capital development can significantly enhance productivity and reduce poverty in rural communities. The study further identifies key opportunities such as agriculture, agro processing, digital technology, and local enterprises, while also highlighting practical strategies needed to maximize growth. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration among government, private sector, development agencies, and local communities in achieving sustainable development. The findings suggest that an integrated approach to rural planning can transform rural areas into productive centers that contribute meaningfully to national development. The study concludes that effective rural planning is essential for achieving balanced growth, reducing inequality, and improving the overall socio economic conditions in Nigeria

REVOLUTIONISING NEW VENTURE CREATION: THE CATALYST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING

2026-04-26T19:10:40+00:00

Purpose. This study explores the role of entrepreneurial marketing in new venture creation and opportunity identification, moving beyond traditional marketing approaches. Objective. The objective is to investigate how entrepreneurial marketing strategies and practices contribute to successful new venture creation and opportunity identification. Methodology. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. In-depth interviews with entrepreneurs and surveys of new ventures were conducted to gather insights into entrepreneurial marketing practices. Findings. The study reveals that entrepreneurial marketing plays a crucial role in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Key findings highlight the importance of proactive market scanning, innovative marketing strategies, and adaptive entrepreneurial behaviours in driving new venture success. Originality. This research contributes to the entrepreneurial marketing literature by providing new insights into the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship in new venture creation and opportunity identification. Implications. The study's findings have implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and educators, highlighting the need for entrepreneurial marketing education and training programs that foster innovative marketing strategies and opportunity identification skills. Recommendations. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for entrepreneurs to adopt proactive and adaptive entrepreneurial marketing strategies, and for educators to integrate entrepreneurial marketing into their curricula. Future research directions are also suggested, including investigating the impact of digital marketing on entrepreneurial marketing practices.

EFFECTS OF JIGSAW TEACHING STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE AND MOTIVATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG UPPER BASIC II STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:24:10+00:00

The study investigated the effects of jigsaw strategy on academic performance and motivation in Social Studies among upper basic II students in Plateau state Nigeria. Three (3) objectives formulated to guide the study were in line with research questions and hypotheses. The study adopted Quasi-experimental and descriptive research design. The target population of the study was 21879 students from which 131 students were used as sample for the study. Purposive sampled sampling technique was used to select the schools used for the study. Social Studies Performance Test (SSPT) and Social Studies Motivation Questionnaire (SSMQ) are the instruments for data collection. Pilot test was conducted and reliability coefficients .619 and .788 results were obtained. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while hypothesis one were tested with Paired sample t-test, hypothesis two uses independent sample t-test and Hypothesis three were also tested using Wilcoxon statistics. The findings revealed among others that the post-test performance of students taught Social Studies using Jigsaw strategy was higher than the pre-test performance in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). The performances of students taught Social Studies using jigsaw teaching strategy was better than and those taught using conventional method in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). It was concluded that jigsaw teaching strategies enhanced students’ academic performance and motivation in Social Studies at the Upper Basic II level in Plateau State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that curriculum planners should encourage and accommodate the use of jigsaw teaching strategy at in all levels of education. Social Studies teachers should be encouraged to use student-entered approach.

LEADING THROUGH TURBULENCE: RETHINKING ORGANISATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT FOR A VOLATILE, UNCERTAIN WORLD

2026-05-10T12:59:50+00:00

Organisational leadership and change management have emerged as the most consequential competencies of the contemporary managerial era. In an environment defined by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA), traditional command-and-control leadership paradigms are yielding diminishing returns, while the pace and scale of organisational change have rendered conventional change management methodologies inadequate. This opinion paper argues that organisations must fundamentally reconceptualise both leadership and change management—not as discrete, episodic functions but as continuous, interconnected organisational capabilities. Drawing on evidence from leadership theory, organisational psychology, and practitioner research, the paper advances three arguments: that adaptive, emotionally intelligent leadership is a prerequisite for sustainable change; that resistance to change is better understood as a rational human response than an obstacle to overcome; and that effective change management requires systemic, culturally anchored approaches that transcend methodological checklists. The paper concludes with a call for practitioner-oriented leadership development that privileges reflexivity, sense-making, and relational capacity alongside technical change management competencies.

IMAGE MARKETING OF POLITICAL CANDIDATES AND VOTER ACCEPTABILITY IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA.

2026-05-19T21:56:38+00:00

This study explored how image marketing of political candidates relates voter acceptability in the South-South region of Nigeria. The research focused on three key aspects of political image marketing—personal image, professional competence image, and ideological or policy image—and examined how they relate to major indicators of voter acceptability, including favourability or approval ratings, party identification, and voting intention. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study. Data were gathered from registered voters in the South-South geopolitical zone using a structured questionnaire. Respondents were selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure to ensure adequate representation. The data collected were analysed using the Pearson Product–Moment Correlation (PPMC) to determine the nature and strength of the relationships among the study variables. The results indicate that personal image is strongly associated with voter acceptability, particularly with voters’ intention to support candidates during elections. The findings also show that professional competence image has a significant positive relationship with favourability ratings, party identification, and voting intention, suggesting that voters tend to support candidates whom they perceive as capable, knowledgeable, and experienced in governance. In addition, the study found that ideological and policy-related image significantly contributes to voter acceptance, as voters are more inclined to support candidates whose policy positions and ideological orientation reflect their interests and expectations. Overall, the findings highlight the important role that effective image marketing plays in shaping voters’ attitudes and electoral behaviour in the South-South region of Nigeria. The study concludes that candidates who successfully project credible personal qualities, demonstrate leadership competence, and communicate clear policy positions are more likely to gain voter approval and electoral support. The study therefore recommends that political actors adopt deliberate image marketing strategies that emphasize credibility, competence, and policy clarity in order to strengthen voter confidence and democratic engagement.

EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATION OF 3-STAR HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-01-26T22:54:32+00:00

This study examined the relationship between empNloyee empowerment and organisational innovation of 3-Star Hotels in Port Harcourt. The research was motivated by the persistent operational inefficiencies, rigid management structures, and lack of innovative practices that undermine competitiveness in this segment of the hospitality industry. Specifically, the study focused on two dimensions of employee empowerment, autonomy and skill development and their influence on organisational innovation, measured through process innovation and workflow improvement. The study adopted a correlational research design, using a structured questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The population comprised managerial staff from all fifteen (15) registered 3-star hotels in Port Harcourt, totaling seventy-five (75) respondents. A census approach was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled the Employee Empowerment and Organisational Innovation Index (EEONI). The instrument’s reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, while hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that autonomy had significant positive relationships with process innovation and workflow, reinforcing the importance of decision-making freedom in enhancing innovation outcomes. Conversely, skill development exhibited a significant negative relationship with process innovation, suggesting misalignment between training initiatives and operational application. The study concludes that while employee autonomy is a critical driver of organizational innovation, skill development must be strategically integrated with practical empowerment mechanisms. The study recommends that hotel management should prioritize autonomy-driven empowerment and align training programs with real operational needs to enhance innovation and competitiveness.

IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE FIRM VALUE OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

2026-02-05T14:03:24+00:00

This study examines the impact of intellectual capital and corporate governance on the firm value of listed non-financial companies in Nigeria over the period 2014–2023. Using panel data from 38 firms and employing fixed-effects regression techniques, the study investigates the effects of human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency, relational capital efficiency, board size, board meetings, board independence, gender diversity, ownership concentration, and board financial expertise on firm value, measured by Tobin’s Q. The findings reveal that human capital efficiency, relational capital efficiency, and board financial expertise have a positive and statistically significant effect on firm value. In contrast, board size, gender diversity, and firm size exhibit a significant negative relationship with firm value. Structural capital efficiency, board meetings, board independence, and ownership concentration are found to have no significant influence. The results highlight the importance of knowledge-based resources and board competence in enhancing firm value within an emerging market context. The study contributes to the literature by providing integrated, component-level evidence on intellectual capital and corporate governance in Nigeria and offers practical insights for managers, investors, and policymakers seeking to improve firm valuation.

PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LEARNING ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE AND RETENTION IN BIOLOGY IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-08T22:50:47+00:00

The integration of technology-enhanced learning in science education has revolutionized the way students learn and interact with complex concepts. This study examines the effect of technology-enhanced learning on the performance and retention of secondary school students in biology in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study utilizes Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) to enhance the effectiveness of the learning process. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) has revolutionized the way science subjects are taught, offering numerous benefits that enhance students' learning experiences. A PowerPoint presentation was utilized as part of the Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI). The study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and post-post-test phases. The study's population consisted of 1,290 SSII biology students. The schools were chosen using a multistage sampling technique. Two SSII-class coeducational government-owned schools were specifically chosen. Random sampling was then used to select one intact classroom from each of the sampled schools, for a total of two complete classes. 75 students from one of the two intact classrooms were assigned to the experimental group, while 55 students were assigned to the control group. A total of 130 SSII students were selected from the two classes that remained intact. Two research questions, two objectives, and two hypotheses were put out to direct the investigation. The Biology Performance Test was used as the data gathering tool (BPT). 0.81 was the reliability coefficient for BPT. ANCOVA was used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance, and the mean and standard deviation were utilized to answer the study questions. Results obtained indicated that a significant difference exists in the mean performance scores of students taught skeletal systems using CAI (30.27) and those taught using GDI (24.68), as well as the mean retention scores of students in CAI (28.62) and GDI (21.55). It was concluded that Computer-Assisted Instruction is more effective than the Guided Discovery Strategy in promoting students’ performance and retention in biology. It was recommended that teachers of biology should adopt Computer-Assisted Instruction as a teaching Strategy to promote students’ performance and retention, and Government and School authorities should provide adequate, well-equipped Computer laboratories for the effective teaching and learning of Biology to boost students’ performance and retention.

A PRACTICAL EVALUATION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG FEMALE MARKET TRADERS IN THE NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA

2026-02-19T04:57:25+00:00

The study investigated the domestic violence among married market women in North Eastern
Nigeria with more focus on prevalence of domestic violence, its knowledge, and negative attitude towards reporting of domestic violence. A total of 664 market women from twelve locations were selected using Leslie Kish formula, employing stratified random sampling for various goods categories and convenient sampling for questionnaire administration. The study utilized a structured survey questionnaire divided into six sections, assessing demographics, knowledge, and attitudes towards domestic violence, with pilot testing confirming reliability across various sections. The study utilized descriptive statistics for research questions and independent t-tests for hypotheses, all analyzed at a 0.05 significance level using SPSS 21 software. The respondents' ages ranged from 16 to over 56, with 39.31% aged 26-35. Most (54.37%) had secondary education, spouses were employed, many (59.79%) earned between #51,000 and #150,000 monthly and most (53.01%) were within extended family. The study found a 75.67% prevalence of domestic violence among market women, with a mean score of 4.541, indicating that approximately 76% experienced some form of domestic violence. In a study, 64.6% of respondents feared their partners, 76.9% avoided topics to prevent annoyance, and 56.2% felt inadequate, while all believed they didn't deserve maltreatment. Market women’s negative attitudes towards reporting domestic violence, influenced by prior experiences, show a beta value of 0.220 and t-value of 3.513, significant at the 0.000 level.
The study reveals a significant correlation between market women's knowledge of domestic violence and their educational level, with tertiary-educated women demonstrating greater awareness than those with only primary education. The study found no significant difference between attitudes towards reporting domestic violence and experiencing it, with mean scores of 3.429 and 3.881, respectively, among market women. I conclusion the study reveals a 76% prevalence of domestic violence among market women, highlighting the need for education on warning signs and prevention to empower them and reduce abuse.

UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF BUSINESS STRATEGY: A SYSTEMATICAL REVIEW

2026-02-24T09:48:38+00:00

The strategy formulation process in business entities is an ongoing cycle of planning, implementation, and assessment of significant objectives to attain long-term goals. A business plan is an essential instrument for an enterprise, directing its destiny while identifying possibilities and threats. It enhances performance and cohesion within the management team, facilitating the attainment of company objectives. It establishes objectives across multiple domains, including product development, marketing strategies, and financial oversight. It facilitates discussions, collaborations, and innovation by leveraging emerging opportunities. Business strategy facilitates the management of human resources, enhances performance, and delineates departmental tasks.
It engages in internal and external communication, cultivating a robust brand identity. It enhances financial performance, mitigates risk, and assists organisations in adapting to market developments, facilitating successful competition and overcoming obstacles. This article examines prior academic literature to elucidate the evolution of the business strategy concept, highlighting its critical importance to corporate success within the field of business administration.

DEBT STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T10:21:30+00:00

This study investigated the effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to determine debt structure dimensions (short-term debt and long-term debt) on financial performance measures (return on assets and return on equity) of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria, and evaluate how risk committee moderate the relationship between debt structure and financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of short-term debt on return on assets and return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant, the effect of long-term debt on return on assets of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant, and amongst others. Based on the findings, the study concluded that effect of debt structure on financial performance of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of debt financing on financial performance, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing. This would ensure the right choice of the components of corporate debt and their full utilization towards the right angle.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY COSTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T11:39:34+00:00

The study investigated the effect of corporate social responsibility costs on financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain the effect of community development cost, health and safety cost, social regulation cost on net profit margin. The study collected secondary data from the annual reports of fifteen banks listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2024. Eight of the banks were used as sample of this study using purposive sampling techniques. The method of data analysis was descriptive statistic, unit root test, Heteroskedasticity Diagnostic Test such as Breusch-Pagan-Godfre Heteroskedasticity test, Harvey Heteroskedasticity Test and Heteroskedasticity Test: Glejser. Finally the study adopted Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model with the help of E-view v10. Findings revealed, community development cost has negative and insignificant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in term of short run but in the term of long run, Community development cost has positive and insignificant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Health and safety cost has negative and significant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in both short run and long run. Furthermore, social regulation cost has positive and significant effect on net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria in both short run and long run. The study generally concluded that that there is significant effect of corporate social responsibility costs on financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommended, among others, that; recruitment, hiring and training of competent personnel are very essential in facilitating not only the level of productivity but also the development of personnel in any organization. The bank therefore, should take staff training seriously.

DIGITAL LEADERSHIP PRACTICES AND ORGANISATIONAL RESILIENCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2026-03-06T13:26:23+00:00

This study examined the relationship between digital leadership practices and organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. The study explored digital leadership practices through its dimensions such as digital mindset, change management, and data-driven decision-making. A cross-sectional design and used structured questionnaires to collect data from 179 respondents across 26 commercial banks. Spearman Rank Order Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between digital leadership practices and organisational resilience, with organisational culture playing a moderating role. The findings of this study revealed significant positive relationships between the dimensions of digital leadership practices and organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded that digital leadership significantly related to organisational resilience of commercial banks in South-South Nigeria. Thus, the study recommended that commercial banks in the region invest in value innovation training programs to enhance agility and operational efficiency and adaptive capacity of commercial banks. They should leverage digital tools and automation to improve operational efficiency and minimize service disruptions during uncertainties. Additionally, commercial banks should strongly engage in digital leadership practices to improve organizational resilience.

EFFECT OF DIGITAL LEARNING TOOLS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), OMOKU

2026-03-15T11:25:42+00:00

This study examined the effect of digital learning tools on the academic performance of Business Education students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were used to address the specific objectives. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of the study comprised 575 Business Education undergraduate students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, from which a sample size of 236 was
developed using Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Digital Learning Tools and Academic Performance Questionnaire (DLTAPQ). The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha method. 212 copies of the instruments were filled out and returned correctly. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Findings revealed that virtual classrooms have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance of Business Education
students. Educational software was also found to have a moderate positive and significant
relationship with academic performance. The study concludes that digital learning tools play a crucial role in enhancing teaching and learning of Business Education. It was recommended among others that institutional management provide adequate digital infrastructure to improve students’ academic performance.

HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-27T21:43:24+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between Human Resource Information System (HRIS) and two key measures of human resource management practices: E-Performance Appraisal (E-PA) and E-Career Advancement (E-CA) in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted an explanatory survey research design underpinned by positivist philosophy. A structured questionnaire validated for face and content validity and confirmed reliable via Cronbach alpha (coefficients between 0.761 and 0.794) was administered to 150 managerial staff across Access Bank Plc, Guaranty Trust Bank Plc, and United Bank for Africa Plc; 123 copies were retrieved and analyzed. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing using SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed significant positive relationships between HRIS and E-Performance Appraisal (r = 0.528, p < 0.05) and between HRIS and E-Career Advancement (r = 0.453, p < 0.05). The study concluded that HRIS significantly enhances performance appraisal effectiveness and career advancement processes in Nigerian deposit money banks. Banks are recommended to invest in comprehensive HRIS platforms with integrated appraisal and career management modules, and to build HR professionals' capacity to harness HRIS data for evidence-based appraisal and career development decisions.

E-GOVERNANCE AND DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY: ASSESSING THE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT CAPACITY OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-28T22:39:55+00:00

This study examines the relationship among e-governance adoption, information management capacity, and democratic accountability in the public sector of Rivers State, Nigeria, with particular attention to persistent bureaucratic delays and forms of state injustice arising from limited access to public legal and administrative information. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 210 administrative officers across ten ministries in Port Harcourt, and analyzed using Pearson Product–Moment Correlation and regression-based mediation techniques. The findings reveal that e-governance adoption is significantly associated with transparency (r = 0.613, p < 0.01) and responsiveness (r = 0.541, p < 0.01). Further results indicate that Information Management Systems significantly mediate the relationship between e-governance and democratic accountability, accounting for 52% of the variance in accountability outcomes. The study demonstrates that technological infrastructure alone does not produce accountability gains unless supported by effective information management arrangements and an institutional information culture that promotes accessibility, integrity, and timely use of public data while limiting the accumulation of dark data. Accordingly, the study recommends the institutionalization of digital access to public records, the integration of information management standards into e-governance frameworks, and sustained enhancement of workforce digital literacy to strengthen transparency and responsiveness in the public sector of Rivers State.

ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE STRATEGIES AND STAFF PERFORMANCE IN BANKING FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-04-08T21:53:23+00:00

This study examined the relationship between organizational change strategies and Staff Performance in banking firms in South-South Nigeria, focusing on three dimensions of change: incremental, proactive, and reactive. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 25 employees through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation.
The results revealed significant positive relationships between all three types of change and Staff Performance, with incremental change showing the strongest correlation (ρ = 0.973, p < 0.01), followed by proactive change (ρ = 0.718, p < 0.01), and reactive change (ρ = 0.675, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that well-managed change processes, whether planned or responsive, can enhance Staff Performance in the banking sector. The study concludes that a strategic and inclusive approach to change management is critical for improving performance outcomes. Based on the results, practical recommendations were made for banking firms to adopt gradual implementation strategies, engage in proactive planning, and strengthen communication during reactive change.

GREEN BRAND AWARENESS AND CONSUMER PREFERENCE OF ORGANIC BODY CREAM BRANDS IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-04-26T18:30:09+00:00

This paper investigated the relationship between Green Brand Awareness and Consumer Preference of Organic Body Cream Brands in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the objectives of the paper were to examine how green messaging and green sourcing related with consumer trust, organic body cream brands in Port Harcourt. The research design adopted correlational research design. The population for this study comprised of all the customers of organic cream brands in Port Harcourt. A sample size of 384 customers were chosen using Krejcie and Morgan table for sample size determination from the infinite population. However, only 260 customers provided data for the study. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test null hypotheses. From results of the analysis, it was revealed that green messaging and green sourcing positively and significantly relate with consumer trust. Furthermore, findings revealed the relationship between green brand awareness and consumer preference of organic body cream brands in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that green brand awareness through strategic green messaging and sustainable sourcing has a significant and positive green brand awareness and consumer preference of organic body cream brand in Port Harcourt has a positive and significant relationship. Therefore, it was recommended in this study amongst others that organic cream brands should invest in transparent, educational, and emotionally resonant green communication. Messaging should go beyond slogans to include verifiable claims about ingredients, eco-packaging, and environmental benefits to boost customer trust.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND EMPLOYABILITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION GRADUATE IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-04-26T19:43:17+00:00

This study investigated the influence of Entrepreneurship Education encompassing cognitive, affective, normative, and psychomotor dimensions on the employability of Business Education graduates in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational survey research design, targeting 300 graduates selected using Taro Yamane’s formula from the population of business education graduates in the state. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) with SPSS version 25. The results revealed that all four dimensions of entrepreneurship education cognitive (r = 0.655, p < 0.01), affective (r = 0.671, p < 0.01), normative (r = 0.652, p < 0.01), and psychomotor (r = 0.669, p < 0.01) have significant positive relationships with graduates’ employability. The findings suggest that graduates equipped with knowledge, positive attitudes, ethical awareness, and practical entrepreneurial skills are more likely to secure employment or engage in self-employment ventures. The study concludes that a multidimensional approach to entrepreneurship education is essential for enhancing employability and fostering sustainable economic growth. Based on these findings, the study recommends curriculum enhancement, integration of practical learning experiences, mentorship programs, and the promotion of ethical entrepreneurship practices. The outcomes of this study also align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 4, 8, and 9), highlighting the broader societal and economic relevance of entrepreneurship education in preparing graduates for the labor market.

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MARKETING PRACTICES: PERCEPTIONS OF GRADUATE STUDENTS IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

2026-05-07T05:59:08+00:00

Social media has fundamentally transformed contemporary marketing practices globally, yet empirical research examining its perceived impact from the perspective of emerging marketing professionals in emerging economies remains limited. This study critically examined the perceived impact of social media platforms on marketing practices as evaluated by graduate students in universities across the North Western geo-political zone of Nigeria. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 1,276 graduate students selected through stratified random sampling across seven institutions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Key findings indicate that graduate students perceived social media as most impactful for brand communication (M = 4.00, SD = 0.82), followed by market research (M = 3.81, SD = 0.87), consumer targeting (M = 3.64, SD = 0.94), and performance measurement (M = 3.43, SD = 0.96). Comparative analysis revealed social media was perceived as significantly more effective than traditional channels for reach (p < 0.001), engagement (p < 0.001), and cost-effectiveness (p < 0.001). Infrastructure constraints emerged as the most significant barrier (M = 4.21). Regression analysis identified platform familiarity (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) and prior industry experience (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) as the strongest predictors of positive perceptions. Based on empirical findings, the study proposed and validated the Social Media Marketing Evaluation Framework (SMEF) through expert review (overall rating: 4.50/5.00) and usability testing (93.3% perceived usefulness). The study contributes to theoretical understanding by extending Uses and Gratifications Theory and Diffusion of Innovation frameworks to marketing technology evaluation in emerging markets. Practical contributions include actionable insights for curriculum development, practitioner strategy, and policy formulation to optimize social media's contribution to marketing effectiveness in Nigeria and similar emerging economies.

INFLUENCE OF COUNSELLING TECHNIQUES ON DEVIANT SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF JOS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-19T06:21:56+00:00

This study investigated the influence of counselling techniques on deviant sexual behaviours among undergraduate students of University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The study was carried out using cross-sectional survey research design. The study was guided by three objectives, research questions and hypotheses. The study used random and purposive sampling techniques to draw the sample of 384 from the population. The instrument used for data collection was a researcher developed questionnaire titled “Influence of Counselling Techniques on Deviant Sexual Behaviours among Students Questionnaire (ICTDSBSQ)”. The instrument was validated by three experts for content validity from Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, and a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed a significant difference in the type of deviant sexual behaaviours that is prevalent among undergraduate students of the University of Jos based on age. It was recommended among others that guidance should be made compulsory in curricula, and counselors should be trained on trauma-informed care.

IMPACT OF PRODUCT ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN UNILEVEL PLC IN ONITSHA, ANAMBRA STATE

2026-01-23T17:19:01+00:00

The study focuses on the impact of product advertising on consumer buying behaviour and how this will help the company to achieve its promotional objectives in Unilever Plc in Onitsha, Anambra State. This research is anchored on the following research questions: to what extent does institutional advertising influence consumer buying behaviour? does retailer advertising affect consumer buying behaviour? how does advertising media influence consumer buying behaviour?
Survey research design which tends to be descriptive was adopted as the research design; due to its descriptive nature which observes and describes variables of research subjects without manipulation of the variables of the research to deduce solutions to the research questions. The population comprises of top manager, middle manager, low level manager and customers with population of 500. The findings showed that there is a significant effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The study concluded that advertising helps to promote a company’s image. This is inferred from the findings which indicate that advertising contributes in building the image for a specific product brand which makes it easy to be identified in the market. The study recommended that advertising should provide education through meaningful message, this is because the more meaningful the materials learned, the greater the rate of retention and the lower the rate of forgetting. There should be increased awareness on the ethics of advertising in order to be able to make consumers form good attitudes, opinion and interests towards fostering repeat purchase behaviour.

ENTREPRENEURIAL BRAND REPUTATION AND SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-01-28T09:45:04+00:00

ABSTRACT
This study examined the relationship between Entrepreneurial Brand Reputation and Service Quality Delivery in the Food and Beverage Industry in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, the study focused on how brand quality and brand reliability influence timeliness and efficiency in service delivery. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 30 registered food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt, from which a census approach was applied. Data were collected from 171 valid responses using a structured questionnaire designed on a four-point Likert scale. Reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s Alpha method. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were employed for data analysis, with hypotheses tested at a 0.01 significance level. The results revealed that brand quality had a strong and significant positive relationship with both timeliness and efficiency. Brand reliability also showed a moderate but significant positive relationship with timeliness and efficiency. This study concluded that entrepreneurial brand reputation anchored on quality and reliability is a critical intangible resource that shapes service quality delivery in Port Harcourt’s food and beverage sector. This study recommended that Food and beverage firms should consistently prioritize high product quality in terms of taste, presentation, and packaging to strengthen brand reputation and improve service timeliness.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BEAUTY CARE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-02-08T11:58:30+00:00

The business environment is volatile and dynamic; it takes a firm that is entrepreneurial orientated to survive. To this end, this study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. Three (3) objectives, three (3) research questions and three (3) hypotheses were tested. The study adopted correlational survey design; the population of this study consisted of 96 (managers and sales representatives) of 16 Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt gotten through www.finelib.com. The study adopted a census approach and studied the entire population. The instrument was administered in the frame of 6 copies per firm; the reliability of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach's alpha test instrument with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and it stood at 0.78 higher than the benchmark of 0.7. The data collected for this study were analyzed through inferential statistics. The Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Technique was employed to test the various hypotheses formulated through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that entrepreneurial orientation showed a positive and significant relationship with competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. The results from the bivariate analysis confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between entrepreneurial orientation (proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and innovativeness) and competitive advantage of Beauty Care Firms in Port Harcourt. Based on these findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurial orientation via its dimensions is a panacea for gaining competitive advantage. In line with the findings and conclusions; the paper recommends that Beauty Care Firms should be proactive in all ramification; they should be quick and swift in responding to market needs; they should be competitive aggressive and challenge competitions in order to gain entry or strengthen its existing position in the marketplace, geared towards surpassing industry rivals and should be innovative and always come up with novel products and services that will catch the customer’s attention.

METEOROLOGY (THE CHEMISTRY PERSPECTIVE

2026-02-08T23:31:34+00:00

Weather reports are important to any society the sea and sea and air transport industries rely on accurate forecast and prediction, and thus, reliable weather report based on reliable forecast and prediction should be well rooted in the physical sciences geography and meteology. This paper thus attempt to look at low physical sciences like chemistry is used in understanding the complex dynamics of the atmosphere which shape our weather/climate patterns. The perfect gas was considered how temperature and pressure affect atmospheric charateristics was analysed. Individual gas laws and principles were summarized into the perfect gas equations of state. The impact of the gas laws on environmental science(gas laws and theb weather) was reviewed. The paper conclusively opined that atmosphere being a complex system of gases, is better understand using the perfect gas equation of state. The perfect gas equation is one of the general experiments to describe the atmospheric conditions in a wide range of conditions that are used throughout thermodynamics.

DATA PROTECTION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-02-21T20:42:43+00:00

The study examined the relationship between data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Sampling Formula. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The test of hypothesis was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that data protection and productivity in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security and reliability of records management.

BUSINESS ETIQUETTE DYNAMICS: THE GOAD FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF REAL ESTATE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-04T10:37:17+00:00

The main aim of the study was to ascertain the relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the human relations theory by Elton Mayo as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The targeted population comprised the entire leadership of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt.
As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, six (6) managers were chosen from branch offices of the fifteen (15) functional and operational real estate firms in Port Harcourt, giving us a sample of ninety (90) managers. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. Eighty-Six (86) copies of questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis. Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between business etiquette dynamics and competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of business etiquette dynamics in this study should be adopted by real estate firms in Port Harcourt, so as to drive the competitiveness of real estate firms in Port Harcourt.

SALARY AND EFFECTIVE INFORMATION CIRCULATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T10:59:41+00:00

TEACHERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND CLASSROOM CLIMATE IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T12:09:26+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between teachers’ emotional intelligence and classroom climate in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Specifically, it focused on two sub-variables of emotional intelligence, self-awareness and emotional regulation and their relationship between classroom climate. A correlational research design was adopted, and the population comprised 6,174 teachers across 311 public senior secondary schools. A representative sample of 360 teachers was selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with high reliability indices (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82 for emotional intelligence and 0.85 for classroom climate). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation) were used for data analysis at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed significant positive relationships between teachers’ self-awareness (r = 0.512, p < 0.05) and emotional regulation (r = 0.478, p < 0.05) with classroom climate. These results indicate that teachers who are aware of their emotions and able to regulate them effectively tend to create supportive, orderly, and engaging classroom environments. The study concluded that teachers’ emotional intelligence is a critical determinant of classroom climate in public senior secondary schools and recommended integrating emotional intelligence development into teacher training programs, promoting reflective practices, and providing counseling support to enhance teachers’ emotional competencies. The findings underscore the importance of emotional skills in fostering positive classroom environments that facilitate students’ academic, social, and emotional growth.

VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF CLASSROOM ASSESSMENTS IN RIVERS STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS

2026-03-07T16:45:41+00:00

This study examined the validity and reliability of classroom assessments in Rivers State secondary schools. The study was anchored on Classical Test Theory and Assessment for Learning theory and adopted a descriptive survey design complemented with document and psychometric analysis. The population comprised public and private secondary school teachers and Senior Secondary II and III students in Rivers State. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 10 secondary schools, 100 teachers, and 300 students. Data were collected using the Teachers’ Assessment Practicesm Questionnaire (TAPQ), sampled classroom test question papers and marking schemes, and students’ continuous assessment and examination score records. Content analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression were used for data analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that most classroom tests showed limited content coverage and over-emphasis on lower-order cognitive skills, indicating weak content and cognitive validity. The overall mean reliability coefficient of sampled tests was 0.70, with several tests falling below acceptable levels. Teachers demonstrated moderate assessment practices, but critical technical activities such as preparation of table of specifications and item analysis were weak. Training in measurement and evaluation significantly predicted reliability of classroom assessments, explaining 36% of the variance. The study concluded that while classroom assessments in Rivers State secondary schools demonstrate moderate reliability, their validity and technical quality remain inconsistent and largely influenced by teachers’ assessment literacy. The study recommends systematic professional development, institutionalization of test moderation procedures, and strengthened quality assurance mechanisms to enhance the psychometric soundness of classroom assessments.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN NIGERIAN FINTECH FIRMS

2026-03-25T12:57:17+00:00

This study examined the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and risk management practices in Nigerian Fintech firms. The research focused on four key governance variables board size, board independence, audit committee effectiveness, and ownership structure and their influence on risk management. A descriptive and correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to board members, auditors, and senior management staff of selected Fintech firms. The data were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression techniques. Findings revealed that all corporate governance mechanisms had significant positive relationships with risk management practices. Specifically, board independence and audit committee effectiveness had the strongest impact, indicating that firms with more independent boards and effective audit oversight demonstrated superior risk management systems. Board size and ownership structure also contributed significantly, suggesting that diverse boards and transparent ownership enhance risk governance. The study concluded that sound corporate governance structures are essential for promoting accountability, transparency, and effective risk control in Nigeria’s rapidly expanding Fintech sector. t recommended that Fintech firms strengthen board independence, improve audit committee functionality, and promote transparent ownership structures to ensure robust governance and sustainable risk management outcomes in line with regulatory and global best practices.

WORK-LIFE FLEXIBILITY AND EMPLOYEE JOB COMMITMENT IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T21:47:02+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between work-life flexibility and employee job commitment, specifically examining the affective commitment and normative commitment dimensions, among employees of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Social Exchange Theory, the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model, and Organizational Support Theory, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from 124 usable responses using a structured questionnaire adapted from validated instruments, drawn from a target population of 209 employees of selected DMBs in Rivers State. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was employed as the inferential statistical technique for hypothesis testing. The study found that work-life flexibility had a strong and significant positive relationship with affective commitment (r = 0.777, p < 0.05) and a moderate and significant positive relationship with normative commitment (r = 0.551, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming that work-life flexibility is a critical organizational lever for enhancing the emotional attachment and moral obligation dimensions of employee commitment in the banking sector. The study concluded that DMBs that institutionalize flexible scheduling, remote work options, and family-supportive leave policies foster a psychologically safe and supportive work environment that strengthens employees' desire to remain with, and their sense of moral obligation towards, their organizations. The study recommended that bank management should develop and implement structured, equitably accessible, and culturally sensitive work-life flexibility policies to enhance affective and normative commitment among employees.

GOVERNMENT BUDGET AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN NIGERIA.

2026-03-29T06:18:29+00:00

The study investigated the impact of government budget on private investment promotion in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design which investigates possible cause-effect relationship, was adopted for this study. The population for this study is the Nigerian economy on government budget and private investment promotion from 1990 to 2023, the year of Nigeria independence to date. Using purposive sampling technique, a sample of thirty-four (34) years (1990-2023) was considered for this study. Considering the objectives of this study and the nature of data to generate, the secondary source of data collection was employed in this study. The study employed descriptive statistics to summarize data trends and unit root tests to confirm stationarity of variables. Diagnostic and stability tests were used to ensure model reliability and validity. The ARDL model was applied to assess both short-run and long-run effects of government expenditure on investment. Moderated multiple regression was used to evaluate the interaction effect of exchange rate and inflation rate on the relationship between government spending and investment. The results of the current study indicate that government budgetary allocations to key social sectors—health, education, and agriculture—do not exert a statistically significant influence on domestic private investment (DPI) in Nigeria over the analyzed period. The study recommended that the Nigerian government prioritize improving the efficiency and transparency of budget implementation, particularly in health, education, and agriculture sectors, to ensure that allocated funds translate into tangible infrastructural and institutional improvements that can attract private investment. Furthermore, the government should design and implement targeted policies that align public spending with private sector needs, focusing on capital expenditures that enhance the business environment, such as infrastructure development, technology adoption, and capacity building.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AND IT'S INFLUENCE ON SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2026-04-16T17:50:55+00:00

Rural development education in Nigeria plays a central role in shaping how rural communities use and protect natural resources that support livelihoods and food production. The study examines how education influences sustainable natural resource management through awareness building behavioural change skill development and community participation. It also considers challenges such as weak funding limited extension services low literacy cultural practices policy inconsistency and poor infrastructure that reduce effectiveness. Findings indicate that rural education improves awareness and encourages better land water and forest management practices but outcomes remain uneven across regions due to systemic constraints. Opportunities include digital learning tools non governmental organisation support modern extension systems community based management and climate education programmes that expand access and participation. The study concludes that stronger coordination improved infrastructure and consistent policy implementation are required to enhance sustainability outcomes in rural Nigeria. Strengthening collaboration between government agencies NGOs and community groups alongside capacity building for extension workers is essential for long term improvement in environmental education delivery and resource management practices across rural areas.

SUCCESSION IN FAMILY BUSINESSES: CULTURAL VARIATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

2026-04-26T19:00:39+00:00

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of cultural factors on succession planning practices in family businesses, addressing the need for a deeper understanding of how cultural differences influence leadership transition. Objective: The objective is to conduct a cross-cultural comparison of succession planning practices in family businesses, exploring how cultural values and norms shape succession decisions and processes. Methodology: A qualitative research approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with family business owners and successors from diverse cultural backgrounds. The study analyzed case studies from multiple countries to identify cultural-specific succession planning practices and challenges. Findings: The study reveals that cultural influences significantly impact succession planning practices in family businesses. Key findings indicate that cultural values such as collectivism, individualism, and power distance shape succession decisions, and that cultural intelligence is crucial for navigating succession planning challenges. Originality: This research contributes to the family business literature by providing new insights into the role of culture in shaping succession planning practices. The cross-cultural comparison offers a nuanced understanding of the complexities involved in transferring leadership across cultures. Implications: The study's findings have implications for family business owners, successors, and advisors, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive succession planning approaches. The research also informs policymakers and educators about the importance of cultural awareness in family business succession. Recommendations: The study recommends that family businesses develop succession planning strategies that account for cultural differences and nuances. It also suggests that educators incorporate cultural intelligence into family business curricula to prepare future leaders for the challenges of cross-cultural succession planning. Future research directions include exploring the impact of globalization on succession planning practices in family businesses.

OVERVIEW OF GOVERNMENT RECURRENT EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:15:47+00:00

This study examined the relationship between recurrent government expenditure and economic development in Nigeria over the period 2001–2020. The motivation for the study stems from persistent inefficiencies in public sector operations, rising corruption, and the inability of increasing government expenditure to translate into meaningful improvements in economic welfare. The study adopted a correlational and ex-post facto research design, utilizing secondary time-series data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), National Bureau of Statistics, and other official sources. Economic development was proxied using Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and Consumer Price Index (CPI), while recurrent expenditure served as the key explanatory variable. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that recurrent expenditure has a positive and significant relationship with GDP and HDI, indicating its contribution to economic growth and human development. However, the relationship between recurrent expenditure and CPI was found to be statistically insignificant, suggesting limited influence on price stability. The study concluded that while recurrent expenditure plays a role in enhancing certain aspects of economic development, its overall effectiveness is constrained by inefficiencies in resource utilization and policy implementation. The study recommends improved monitoring and efficient management of public expenditure, particularly recurrent spending, to ensure optimal allocation of resources and enhanced development outcomes.

TRADE UNION FINANCE AND WORKERS’ SOCIAL SECURITY OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-05-07T06:40:03+00:00

This work examined the relationship between trade union finance and workers’ social security of oil and gas firms in Rivers State. Objectives of the study were to examine how trade union finance relates with workers’ health benefits and job security support. The study adopted the survey research design. 100 respondents from ten oil and gas firms in Rivers State were adopted for the study. Data were collected through primary (questionnaire). A structured questionnaire designed in four point likert rating scale format was adopted for the collection of data. In the course of administering the questionnaires, the researcher was able to retrieve 73 copies. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (r) was used for the test of hypotheses via SPSS Version 23.0. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between trade union finance and workers’ social security of oil and gas firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that trade union finance enhance workers’ social security. The study recommended among others that trade unions should generate income beyond membership dues, such as through investment in cooperative ventures, partnerships, or welfare funds as such would enable them to negotiate for comprehensive health insurance packages, sponsor health awareness campaigns, and subsidize medical bills for members.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITIES OF NORTH-EAST, NIGERIA

2026-05-19T21:38:53+00:00

The study examined the influence of entrepreneurship education on employability skills of undergraduate Business Education students in universities of North-East Nigeria. Six objectives, six research questions, and six null hypotheses guided the study. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population consisted of 1,323 300-level Business Education students from three universities: Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, University of Maiduguri, and Modibbo Adama University Yola. A sample of 116 students was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. Data collection employed a structured questionnaire titled "Questionnaire on Entrepreneurship Education on Employability Skills," validated by experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.827 (Cronbach Alpha). Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) addressed the research questions, while simple linear regression analyzed the six null hypotheses at the 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that entrepreneurship education positively and significantly influenced students’ creativity (grand mean = 3.09, SD = 1.37, p < 0.05), innovation (grand mean = 3.02, SD = 1.40, p < 0.05), opportunity and recognition (grand mean = 3.02, SD = 1.44, p < 0.05), risk-assessment (grand mean = 3.04, SD = 1.44, p < 0.05), business plan and strategy (grand mean = 2.97, SD = 1.41, p < 0.05), and financial management skills (grand mean = 3.08, SD = 1.42, p < 0.05). Regression findings confirmed statistically significant models, for example: creativity (F = 21.247, p < 0.05), innovation (F = 40.570, p < 0.05), opportunity recognition (F = 6.236, p < 0.05), risk-assessment (F = 8.381, p < 0.05), business plan and strategy (F = 35.165, p < 0.05), and financial management (F = 43.136, p < 0.05). The results also indicated that students exposed to entrepreneurship education developed superior practical employability skills. The study concluded that entrepreneurship education enhances employability competencies, specifically, creativity, innovation, opportunity recognition, risk assessment, business planning, and financial management among business education students in the target universities. It is recommended that universities and instructors should further incorporate practical, experiential learning strategies (such as creativity workshops, innovation labs, mentorship, business plan development, risk management simulations, and financial literacy exercises) within entrepreneurship curricula to ensure students develop robust employability skills for the contemporary workforce.

Digital Literacy and Secretary’s Job Performance of Rivers State

2026-01-26T22:38:17+00:00

Secretaries play a crucial role in the operational success of real estate companies, particularly in a city like Port Harcourt, where the industry is rapidly growing. However, there has been a notable decline in secretaries' job performance in some real estate firms, attributed to issues such as low productivity, ineffective communication, and poor management of administrative tasks (Brown, 2020). Managers have expressed concerns over the increasing workload that secretaries face without adequate training or technological support, which affects their ability to efficiently handle document management, client communication, and scheduling (Smith, 2021). Additionally, the absence of structured reward systems and inadequate organizational support have further diminished their job satisfaction and overall performance (Adams, 2022). These performance-related issues have impeded the ability of real estate firms to maintain smooth operations, ultimately affecting business outcomes.

SERVICE CONVENIENCE AND CUSTOMER PATRONAGE OF SELECTED HOTELS IN ASABA, DELTA STATE

2026-02-02T12:02:21+00:00

This study examines the relationship between service convenience dimensions; ease of access, transaction convenience, and benefit convenience and customer patronage. The research was conducted to understand how convenience-related factors influence customer behaviour in service delivery contexts. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to customers. Statistical analysis was carried out using regression techniques to determine the strength and significance of the relationships between the variables. The results revealed that ease of access has a significant positive relationship with customer patronage, indicating that location and accessibility play a crucial role in attracting and retaining customers. Similarly, transaction convenience was found to significantly enhance customer patronage by simplifying and speeding up service processes. Benefit convenience also demonstrated a significant relationship with patronage, highlighting the importance of timely and efficient service delivery. The study concludes that service convenience is a strategic driver of customer patronage. It recommends that service firms improve accessibility, streamline transactions, and ensure efficient benefit delivery to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on service convenience and offer practical insights for managers seeking to strengthen customer relationships in competitive service environments.

SOCIAL PLATFORMS INFLUENCERS AND CONSUMER PURCHASE PATTERNS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS, RIVERS STATE

2026-02-08T22:36:45+00:00

The study examined the relationship between social platforms influencers and consumer purchase patterns in food and beverage firms, according to Rivers State. The research adopted a descriptive survey design, and the population of the study comprised 25 food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, culled from www.directory.org.ng. Sequel to the population of the study, which is 25 food and beverage firms, the study adopted a census study with a focus on the staff. To generate data for the study, the questionnaire was distributed in batches of five (5) copies per firm. A total of one hundred and twenty-five (125) copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Copies of the questionnaire were administered and distributed to the management staff of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study employed the Spearman Rank-Order Correlational Coefficient for testing the various hypotheses formulated for the study with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings revealed that social platforms influencer dimensions of source attractiveness and source trustworthiness showed a positive, strong, and significant relationship with consumer purchase patterns. It was concluded that food and beverage firms’ managers should pay attention to social platforms influencers via attractiveness and trustworthiness, as it would lead to an increase in customer loyalty and referral. Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, the study recommends that food and beverage firms should advertise their products using only well-known social platforms influencers that are trustworthy, as it will lead to an increase in customers’ loyalty, and also put into consideration the physical attractiveness of the influencer before engaging him or her.

FLEXIBLE OFFICE SOLUTIONS: THE THRUST FOR ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA

2026-02-19T04:36:36+00:00

The paper was inspired by the need to determine the relationship between flexible office solutions and organizational efficiency of commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study utilized the resource based theory by Penrose as the baseline theory underlying the study. The study adopted the survey research design, using a cross sectional approach. The study population comprised the entire leadership of the twenty three (23) functional and operational commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. As a macro study, the researchers adopted a census approach, however, five (5) leaders were chosen from branch offices of the twenty three (23) functional and operational commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, giving us a sample of one hundred and five (105) leaders. Data for the study was collected using structured close-ended questionnaire. One hundred copies of (100) questionnaires was retrieved, cleaned and used for the analysis.
Retrieved data was analyzed using the Spearman Rank Order of Correlation Coefficient, with the help of Scientific Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between flexible office solutions and organizational efficiency of commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient at 95% confidence interval. From the foregoing, the study therefore recommended that; the tested attributes of flexible office solutions in this study should be adopted by commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria so as to drive the overall efficiency of commercial banks in Nigeria.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 2KVA HYBRID SOLAR POWER

2026-02-21T22:18:55+00:00

Most commercial industrial and domestic process and activities depends on quality and quantity of
electrical power available. This work provides basically an alternative source of electrical energy
especially in an environment where power supply is not stable. It is achieved solely by the conversion
of direct current (A.C). The inverter operates in two modes, normal charging mode where there is
power supply and the backup mode, where there is no power from supply the design and
construction of this work are in module. The modules are power supply unit, charging unit, switch
circuit unit, and inverter unit. the modules are assembled together after construction to form a
complete circuit.

SOCIAL PLATFORMS INFLUENCERS AND CONSUMER PURCHASE PATTERNS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS, RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T09:37:01+00:00

COPING STRATEGIES AND ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T11:32:40+00:00

This study examined the relationship between coping strategies and academic stress among undergraduate students at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education in Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the extent to which problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies relate to levels of academic stress. The study adopted a correlational research design and involved a population of 8,000 undergraduate students, from which a sample of 367 students was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and reliability was confirmed through a pilot study with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.82 for coping strategies and 0.85 for academic stress. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a significant negative relationship between problem-focused coping strategies and academic stress (r = -0.462, p < 0.05), indicating that students who actively address academic challenges experienced lower stress. Conversely, a significant positive relationship was found between emotion-focused coping strategies and academic stress (r = 0.314, p < 0.05), suggesting that reliance on emotion-oriented strategies is associated with higher stress levels. The results underscore the importance of adopting effective coping strategies to manage academic stress and highlight the need for interventions that promote problem-solving skills among students. The study recommends workshops, counseling services, and stress management programs that enhance adaptive coping mechanisms to support students’ well-being and academic performance.

JOB ONBOARDING PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-03-06T13:12:41+00:00

The study aimed at examining the relationship between job onboarding and employee performance of construction companies in South-South Nigeria. The study has four specific objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses. It also examined the moderating influence of organizational policy. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. The primary population was 30 registered construction companies and the actual population was 150 managers. The study relied on the use of primary data, sourced using structured questionnaire. A total of 150 questionnaire were distributed to respondents, while 127 were successfully retrieved and used in the analysis., hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. The result obtained revealed that there is strong positive relationship between job onboarding practices and employee performance in construction companies in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded all dimensions of job onboarding—namely Job orientation, Job training, role clarity, and organizational policy—significantly influence employee performance. The rejection of all null hypotheses confirmed a strong positive relationship between effective onboarding practices and key performance indicators such as Job Efficiency, job quality, Team Performance, and innovation. Findings revealed that well-structured job orientation fosters creativity and quality output. It was recommended that Construction companies in South-South Nigeria should design comprehensive onboarding programs that go beyond administrative orientation to include mentorship, role clarity, and performance expectations; to maximize the benefits of onboarding, orientation, and training, management should maintain a work environment that values performance, learning, and support.

INFORMATION GOVERNANCE STRATEGY: ASSESSING THE ADMINISTRATIVE ACCOUNTABILITY REFERENTS IN PUBLIC SECTOR INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-15T11:12:58+00:00

The escalating complexity of public administration in the 21st century has necessitated the adoption of sophisticated information management frameworks to ensure that government institutions remain transparent, efficient, and answerable to the citizenry. This study investigates the relationship between Information Governance Strategy and Administrative Accountability in public sector institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. The conceptual framework operationalizes Information Governance Strategy through the lens of process automation, data integration, and information ethics, while Administrative Accountability is measured using transparency and answerability.
Grounded in the Agency, Stewardship, and Weberian Bureaucratic theories, the study explores the mechanisms through which structured information systems mitigate bureaucratic inertia and institutional opacity. A descriptive survey research design was utilized, collecting data from a sample of 450 administrative and academic personnel across ministries and tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between Information Governance Strategy and both measures of Administrative Accountability. Specifically, the integration of digital
information systems facilitates real-time tracking of administrative actions, thereby enhancing the answerability of public officials. Furthermore, process automation was found to reduce the opportunities for administrative discretion, thereby promoting institutional transparency. The study concludes that the institutionalization of a robust information governance framework is a prerequisite for successful administrative reforms in the Rivers State civil service. Recommendations include the development of a comprehensive state-wide digital information policy and the implementation of continuous capacity-building programs for administrative officers to enhance digital literacy and information ethics.

COMPETITIVE AGRESSIVENESS AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF FINTECH IN SOUTH/SOUTH GEOGRAPHIC ZONE, NIGERIA

2026-03-26T10:48:58+00:00

This study empirically investigated the relationship between competitive aggressiveness and business success of fintech firms in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative research method with emphasis on generalizability of findings across the study population. The population comprised thirty-six (36) fintech firms operating within the South-South region and registered with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as obtained from the official regulatory database (www.cbn.gov.ng). Given the relatively small and accessible population, a census sampling technique was employed, whereby all firms were included in the study. Ten (10) managerial staff were selected from each firm, resulting in a total sample size of three hundred and sixty (360) respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was validated through a pilot study. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, with all constructs achieving a reliability threshold of not less than 0.78, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The formulated hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. The empirical results revealed that competitive aggressiveness has a strong and positive influence on customer loyalty and new customer acquisition among fintech firms in the study area. This indicates that firms demonstrating higher levels of competitive aggressiveness are more likely to achieve improved customer retention, acquisition, and overall market expansion. The study concludes that competitive aggressiveness significantly enhances business success by strengthening customer loyalty and facilitating new customer acquisition in the fintech industry within the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Accordingly, the study recommends that fintech firms should intensify competitive strategies at both organizational and individual managerial levels to sustain growth, improve market positioning, and enhance long-term business performance.

ASSESSMENT OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION PRACTICES FOR OPTIMIZING VALUE FOR MONEY IN MASS HOUSING PROJECT: A CASE STUDY OF ABUJA, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:32:41+00:00

The study assesses monitoring and evaluation (M & E) practices for enhancing value for money (VfM) in mass housing projects, using Abuja, Nigeria, as a case study. It addresses the gap in effective assessment of M & E practices to optimize VfM in mass housing projects, providing practical insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders. The goal is to improve project management techniques for better VfM. A quantitative approach was used, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 125 construction professionals involved in mass housing projects in Abuja. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data, with results presented in tables. The findings show that although a basic M & E framework exists, its implementation is only moderate. M & E practices are perceived as having limited impact on key VfM dimensions such as quality control, budget management, and public trust. This suggests that major issues like inconsistent application, weak stakeholder engagement, and governance challenges such as corruption threaten VfM achievement. The study concludes that strengthening technical capacity, digital integration, and funding for M & E must be supported by institutional reforms, anti-corruption measures, and mandatory compliance frameworks to maximise its effectiveness in delivering VfM.

PERCEIVED MANAGERIAL SUPPORT AND JOB SATISFACTION OF DELIVERY SERVICE FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

2026-04-08T21:40:22+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between Perceived Managerial support specifically emotional, practical, and informational support and job satisfaction among delivery service Firms in Rivers state Nigeria. The aim was to assess how different forms of supervisory support contribute to employees' satisfaction in a high-demand, fast-paced occupational context. A descriptive
correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed electronically to 5 delivery service firms operating in the region. Three respondents were purposively selected from each firm, resulting in a total sample size of 25. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC). The findings
revealed significant positive relationships between all dimensions of Perceived Managerial support and job satisfaction. Informational support showed the strongest correlation (r = .625, p < .01),
followed by emotional support (r = .550, p < .01), and practical support (r = .407, p < .05). These results suggest that delivery workers are more satisfied with their jobs when they receive consistent guidance, emotional care, and tangible assistance from their supervisors. The study contributes to the limited empirical research on supervisory dynamics in the logistics sector within Nigeria and
emphasizes the critical role of supportive leadership in enhancing employee satisfaction and performance. It is recommended that logistics firms implement supervisor training programs, ensure the provision of essential tools, and establish effective feedback channels to promote a supportive work environment.

EFFECT OF FARMERS-HERDERS’ CONFLICTS ON RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ INCOME IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-24T07:22:20+00:00

The farmers-herders conflict is persistent in many regions, leading to significant socio-economic consequences. This study aimed at examine the effect of farmers-herders’ conflicts on household income in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is one million, one hundred and thirty eighty thousand five hundred and thirty two (1,138,532) farmers and herders from the six local government areas of Adamawa state which were purposively sampled for the study based on the intensity of the conflicts. Out of this population, four hundred (400) respondents were sampled which comprises of 300 crop farmers and 100 herders. Multiple regression analysis using E-view was used to determine the effects of farmers-herders’ conflicts on rural Household Income in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The finding of the study revealed that environmental, political-institutional and economic factors have negative and significant effect on rural household income with coefficient of -0.2444 (0,020), -0.3522 (0.015) and -0.250 (0.074) respectively while social and ethno-religious factors do not have a significant effect on rural household income with coefficient 0.1511 (0.2885) and -0.0326 (0.7670) respectively. It was recommended among other things that policy interventions such as promoting ranching and modernizing livestock management through the National Livestock Transformation Plan (NLTP), establishing Rural Grazing Area (RUGA) settlements and enacting legislation prohibiting open grazing in some states among other that can address the underlying factors of conflicts and promote peaceful coexistence between farmers and herders are essential to mitigate the negative effects of farmers-herders conflicts on rural household income in Adamawa State and Nigeria at large.

EFFECTS OF COMPUTER ANIMATION PACKAGE ON SENIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN JOS NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T19:33:13+00:00

The study investigated the effects of computer animation package on senior secondary two students’ achievement in Biology in Jos North LGA, Plateau State. Two objectives were stated; two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design, specifically the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control- group design. The population of the study consisted of all 731 SS 2 students (392 males and 339 females) who were offering Biology in the 22 public senior secondary schools in Jos North LGA, Plateau State in the 2024/2025 academic session. A sample of 52 students (21 males and 31 females) drawn from two intact classes from two schools selected from the 22 public senior secondary schools in Jos North Using stratified sampling technique participated in the study. Data were collected using Biology Achievement Test (BAT). It consisted of 40 multiple choice questions with options A-D. The questions were adapted from West Africa Senior School Certificate Examination and JAMB past question papers. The maximum marks obtainable was 100, while the minimum obtainable marks were 0. Three experts validated the instrument. The reliability of the BAT was established using Kuder-Richardson 20 (K-R20) method which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.93. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. While, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings show that CAP had significant positive effects on the achievement of students in Biology as the the experimental group had higher achievement mean gain than the respondents in the control group. The study also found that no significant difference existed between the achievement mean scores of male and female students in the experimental group hence the students did not differ significantly in their achievement based on gender. It was recommended that the Federal and state governments, school authorities including NGOs should devote more fund to providing information technology tools and reliable power sources to secondary schools, teachers’ should be train on use of computer animation in schools and also be encouraged to integrate computer mediated teaching strategies like the use of computer animation package in the teaching and learning of their various subjects.

MARKETING LOGISTICS ADOPTION AND CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-05-07T05:33:16+00:00

This paper empirically examine marketing logistics and consumer buying behaviour of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study objective was to determine the relationship between marketing logistics and consumer buying behaviour of the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The population of the study comprised of all the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The research design adopted for the study correlation analysis. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistics stated was used to test the hypotheses and supplemented with use of SPSS version 21.0. The result of the study indicated that delivery speed has a strong positive and significant relationship with repurchase intention and also a very strong positive and significant relationship with customer loyalty. We therefore concluded that marketing logistic has a very strong positive significant with consumer buying behaviour of food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. Based on the conclusion, it is recommended that food and beverage firm should invest in systems that allow them together and have about products in other to enhance delivery speed, customers will enable them to dealer services that, meet customer needs and that forms should regularly conduct market research to understand changing customers preferences, in other to enhance current customer expectations.

EFFECT OF MARITAL COUNSELLING ON MARITAL ADJUSTMENT OF COUPLES IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-18T05:57:08+00:00

This study examined the effects of marital counselling on marital adjustment among couples in Jos Metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. Marital adjustment is essential for sustaining stable and satisfying relationships; however, many couples encounter challenges such as ineffective communication, financial strain, and unresolved conflicts. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. The target population comprises married couples within Jos Metropolis, from which a representative sample of 50 couples was selected using stratified random sampling technique. 50 couples were assigned to treatment (n=26) and control (n=24) groups. The treatment group received 8 sessions of marital counselling, while the control group received no intervention. Instruments used were validated by experts in Educational Foundations Department, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, and reliability method applied. This gave an index of 0.75. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics of t-test of independent sampling. Results showed significant improvements in marital satisfaction, communication patterns, and conflict resolution skills among treated couples. Socio-demographic factors such as age, educational level, and income moderated the effectiveness of marital counselling. Based on the findings, the study concluded that marital counselling plays a vital role in promoting healthy marital relationships and reducing the incidence of marital instability. It was recommended that professional counselling services be made more accessible and affordable to couples.

STRATEGIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION COMPANIES, JALINGO, TARABA STATE

2026-01-16T17:34:59+00:00

The study investigated strategic resource allocation and competitive advantage in Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) companies in Jalingo, Taraba State. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and twenty (120) senior management staff of the GSM companies (MTN, Airtel, GLO, and 9Mobile), out of which 92 was obtained as the sample size using Taro Yamane’s formula. A structured questionnaire was used as the primary instrument for the study. Ninety-two (92) copies of structured questionnaires were randomly administered on senior management staff of four (4) GSM companies. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyzed the data. The regression analysis model was used to test the research hypotheses. The study revealed that there is a significant positive effect of resource identification on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo, there is a significant positive effect of matching resource to needs on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo, there is also a significant positive effect of customer focus on competitive advantage in the GSM companies in Jalingo. The results indicate that strategic resource allocation is a crucial component that organisations must address in order to achieve a competitive edge. The study recommended that GSM companies in Jalingo should prioritize the systematic identification of resources by accurately identifying resources, GSM companies should develop mechanisms for evaluating current and future needs and strategically allocate resources and that GSM companies should embed customer-centric strategies into their core operations.

ENTREPRENEURIAL BRAND PERSONALITY AND MARKETING WELLBEING OF LUXURY HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-01-28T09:31:08+00:00

Abstract
this study investigated the relationship between Entrepreneurial Brand Personality and Marketing Wellbeing of Luxury Hotels in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it examined how brand trust and brand excitement relate with customer loyalty and repeat purchase behavior. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised 30 registered luxury hotels in Port Harcourt, from which a census sampling technique was employed. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to 90 staff members, out of which 80 valid responses were retrieved. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, with hypotheses tested at a 0.05 significance level. The results revealed strong and statistically significant positive correlations between entrepreneurial brand personality and marketing wellbeing. Brand trust was strongly related to customer loyalty and repeat purchase. Similarly, brand excitement demonstrated a strong relationship with customer loyalty and repeat purchase. The study concluded that entrepreneurial brand personality, particularly trust and excitement, serves as a vital intangible resource that enhances marketing wellbeing in the hospitality industry. By strengthening trust and creating emotionally engaging experiences, luxury hotels can foster long-term customer relationships and competitive advantage. This study recommended that luxury hotels should reinforce brand trust by consistently delivering reliable services, honoring commitments, and maintaining transparency with guests. Second, management should cultivate brand excitement through innovative experiences, personalized services, and dynamic marketing strategies that differentiate their offerings in a competitive marketplace.

EMOTIONAL APPEAL AND CONSUMER RESPONSES TO BEAUTY CARE ADVERTISEMENT IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-02-08T11:41:44+00:00

This study examined the relationship between emotional appeal and consumer responses to beauty care advertisement in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research question and two hypotheses were tested; the study adopted correlational survey research design. The study adopted correlational survey research design. The population of this study comprised of the customers of the sixteen (16) registered beauty care outlets in Rivers State. A total of 400 customers were used on the basis of .25 customers per outlet. Reliability analysis was performed on the data using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient and it stood at 0.98. The data collected for the study were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The multiple regression analysis was adopted; the findings revealed that both appeals had a significant effect on the consumer response. The results further suggested that humour appeal is more influential than fear appeal. This study concludes that emotional appeal significantly relates with consumer responses to beauty care advertisement in Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study, the recommends that beauty care managers should focus on emotional appeal to ensure that their companies address adequately consumer response and actions to enhance patronage.

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND PROFITABILITY OF FIRMS QUOTED IN NIGERIA

2026-02-08T23:16:04+00:00

This research analyses the impact of working capital management on the profitability of firms listed in Nigeria during the period from 2019 to 2024. This study employs a quantitative, ex-post-facto research design, analysing a sample of 25 firms across three sectors: industrial goods, healthcare, and construction/real estate, drawn from the population of all listed firms in the Nigerian exchange group. The researcher performs a preliminary analysis utilising descriptive statistics and a pairwise correlation matrix before executing the panel regression analysis. We conducted the Hausman specification test as a diagnostic tool for the analysis. The research results show a mixed picture: working capital turnover and current ratio have positive but not strong effects on profitability, while the cash conversion cycle has a negative and strong effect on the profitability of listed firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that liquidity and turnover are significant elements of working capital management; however, they do not independently influence profitability. Conversely, an increase in the cash conversion cycle is likely to result in a substantial reduction in firm profits. The study suggests that firm management should develop strategies to enhance profitability by reducing cash conversion cycles, ensuring optimal liquidity levels, and implementing best practices from established firms.

SECURITY AWARENESS AND INNOVATIVENESS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-02-20T23:00:41+00:00

The study examined the relationship between security awareness and innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on information security Theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Forty-Eight (348) office managers of Twenty-Four (24) commercial bank’s headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) respondents of twenty-four (24) commercial banks in Rivers State. The above sample size was obtained using the Tao Yamene Sampling Formula. In order to address the differences in the distribution of the population across the firms, Bowley’s 1960 Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was applied. Thus, the study adopted the random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Test-retest Method. In line with the sample size, a total of One Hundred and Eighty-Six (186) copies of the validated questionnaire were distributed to the targeted audience through the help of two research assistants. The researchers were able to retrieve One Hundred and Fifty (150) copies of the entire validated questionnaire distributed. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used for the research question analyses, while the test of hypotheses was done using Spearman Rank Order Correlation with the aid of SPSS Version 25.0. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between security awareness and innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. The study concluded that security correlates with innovativeness in Commercial Banks in Rivers State. When information assets are safeguarded, office managers are better positioned to coordinate resources, maintain accuracy in records, and supervise staff without the distraction of security breaches or data loss. The study recommended amongst others that management of Commercial banks should ensure robust access control mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, role-based access permissions, and audit trails should be implemented to improve the accuracy, security, and reliability of records management.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (A.I) IN HISTORY TEACHING IN BAYELSA STATE

2026-03-03T15:00:15+00:00

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into educational systems presents transformative
potential, yet its adoption is fraught with context-specific challenges. This study assessed the
challenges associated with the use of Artificial Intelligence in History teaching in Bayelsa State,
Nigeria. As a discipline rooted in narrative, interpretation, and critical analysis, History education
faces unique hurdles in the digital transition. The primary objective of this research was to identify
the technological, pedagogical, and perceptual barriers hindering the effective integration of AI tools
in secondary school History classrooms. This study employed data from both primary and secondary
sources, and equally adopted the use of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as template for
analysis. The findings revealed a significant gap between the theoretical benefits of AI and its
practical application. Key challenges identified included a critical deficit in digital infrastructure,
characterized by unreliable electricity and internet connectivity, particularly in riverine areas.
Furthermore, the study showed that a substantial lack of AI literacy and pedagogical training among
History educators was evident, fostering skepticism and resistance to technological adoption. The
study also found a lack of context-specific AI tools designed for the Nigerian History curriculum,
raising concerns about cultural relevance and historical accuracy. The study established that without
targeted intervention, the digital divide may exacerbate educational inequalities, depriving students
in Bayelsa State of innovative and engaging methods of historical inquiry. The study recommended
for institutional capacity building and teacher training, improvement of digital infrastructure in
schools, development of localized and context-sensitive AI content, and the establishment of
regulatory and ethical frameworks. It concluded that the deployment of Artificial Intelligence in
history teaching in Bayelsa State presents significant structural, pedagogical, and ethical challenges
that constrain its optimal utilization. However, if the state must achieve its desired outcomes, then,
investment in technology driven education is the way to go.

CONCEPTUALIZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RECORDS MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION MANAGER PERFORMANCE: A MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE.

2026-03-06T10:53:44+00:00

The study determine the relationship between records management and information manager performance and: A moderating role of organizational culture. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The study concluded that it takes effective records management to enhance the ability of information managers performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

DEBT STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T12:02:19+00:00

PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF STUDENT ATTITUDE SCALES TOWARD STEM SUBJECTS AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-07T16:36:11+00:00

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a student attitude scale toward STEM subjects among senior secondary school students in Rivers State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with 410 students sampled through a multistage procedure. Data were collected using a structured Student Attitude toward STEM Scale and analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, alongside reliability and construct validity assessments. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a clear three-factor structure Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived usefulness accounting for 72.6% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the model fit (χ²/df = 2.46; CFI = 0.942; TLI = 0.931; RMSEA = 0.054; SRMR = 0.047). Internal consistency reliability was high (α = 0.842–0.912), and construct validity assessments confirmed both convergent and discriminant validity. Findings indicate that the scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring student attitudes toward STEM in the Rivers State context. The study recommends the regular use of the scale for assessment, targeted curricular interventions to trengthen the identified dimensions of attitude, longitudinal application for monitoring attitude changes, and teacher training programs that enhance self-efficacy and perceived usefulness of STEM subjects.

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LEASE FINANCING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

2026-03-24T21:14:00+00:00

This study empirically examined the effect of lease financing on the financial performance of listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria over the period 2019–2023. The study was motivated by the persistent capital constraints, high cost of asset acquisition, and regulatory compliance pressures facing pharmaceutical firms, which make traditional financing options less accessible and position leasing as a potential alternative source of finance. Guided by the Trade-off Theory and Agency Theory, the study adopted an ex post facto research design and used secondary data extracted from the published financial statements of the seven (7) pharmaceutical companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. Lease financing was proxied by Operating Lease (OPL) and Financial Lease (FIL), while financial performance was measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression techniques with the aid of E-Views software. The findings revealed that operating lease has a significant effect on both ROA and ROCE, while financial lease has a significant effect on ROA but an insignificant effect on ROCE. Overall, the results indicate that lease financing exerts a significant influence on the financial performance of listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria, though the direction and magnitude of the effect vary by lease type and performance measure. The study concludes that leasing remains a strategic financing instrument for pharmaceutical firms but requires careful structuring to enhance financial performance. The study therefore recommends that pharmaceutical companies should prioritize financial lease agreements over operating leases for assets that support long-term growth and profitability, companies should implement detailed cost-benefit analyses for both operating and financial leases to optimize their impact on financial performance, ensuring that leasing decisions align with overall financial goals.

IMPACT OF TEACHING PRACTICE ON INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL UTILIZATION AND SUBJECT MATTER MASTERY SKILLS OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T21:32:01+00:00

This study determined the impact of teaching practice on instructional material utilization and subject matter mastery skills of business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Two specific purposes guided the study, with two corresponding research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 387 business education students in colleges of education across Adamawa State, and due to the manageable size, the entire population was utilized. A structured questionnaire titled "Impact of Teaching Practice on Teaching Skills of Business Education Students Questionnaire" (ITPTSBESQ) was developed by the researcher on a 4-point rating scale. The instrument was validated by three experts in research methodology from Modibbo Adama University, Yola. A pilot test was conducted at Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe, to establish the reliability of the instrument, and Cronbach Alpha coefficient analysis yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.739. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using Simple Linear Regression at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that teaching practice had a significant impact on instructional material utilization skills and subject matter mastery skills of business education students. The study concluded that teaching practice exerts positive and significant impact on the nature and quality of instructional material utilization skills and subject matter mastery skills among business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended that government should extend and implement the proposed stipend for students on teaching practice to enable them procure equipment for improvising and utilizing instructional materials in teaching and learning processes. Additionally, admission into business education programmes should be strictly merit-based to admit competent candidates who can effectively master subject matter, thereby enhancing effective curriculum delivery in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria.

STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILL ACQUISITION THROUGH THE CLOTHING AND TEXTILE CURRICULUM IN HOME ECONOMICS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-29T06:03:18+00:00

This study evaluates the implementation of the Senior Secondary School Home Economics Clothing and Textile curriculum for entrepreneurial skill acquisition in Plateau State, Nigeria. Using an evaluation research design with 202 SS3 students and 44 teachers/administrators from the Central Senatorial Zone, the study employed questionnaires and checklists to assess skill acquisition, challenges, and strategies. Findings indicate that entrepreneurial skill acquisition is slightly above average, though hampered by insufficient funding, inadequate teaching resources, limited practical exposure, and poor infrastructure. A moderate negative correlation was found between implementation challenges and skill acquisition, though not statistically significant. The study recommends increased funding, teacher training, and industry collaboration to enhance curriculum delivery and equip students with market-relevant skills for self-employment in the textile and fashion sector.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATE ADMINISTRATION: A CASE STUDY OF MAI MALAH HOUSING ESTATE, ALONG MAIDUGURI-GASHUA BYPASS, DAMATURU, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-14T18:12:18+00:00

This study addresses critical inefficiencies in manual record-keeping systems in Nigerian public housing by developing an integrated database system for Mai Malah Housing Estate, Damaturu, Yobe State. Methodology: Grounded in the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, the study employed a hybrid methodological approach combining field reconnaissance using GPS technology, spatial data processing in ArcGIS 10.7.1, and relational database design in MySQL following Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) principles. Findings: The implemented system managed 147 property records with an average query response time of 0.43 seconds, representing a 99.97% improvement over manual methods. Database analysis revealed estate composition of 118 residential parcels (80.3%) and 29 commercial parcels (19.7%), with occupancy patterns showing 68 male-headed (46.3%) and 52 female-headed households (35.4%). Practical Implications: The study provides a validated implementation blueprint for digital transformation in Nigeria's public housing sector, offering practical solutions to data fragmentation and inefficiency challenges while demonstrating substantial operational benefits. This research contributes a comprehensive case study of integrated database system implementation in Nigeria's secondary cities, extending the TOE framework to post-conflict housing contexts and providing empirical performance metrics for technology adoption decisions.

SOFT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ALIGNMENT AND EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY OF ORGANISATIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

2026-04-26T18:52:15+00:00

This seminar explores the critical role of soft human resource alignment in enhancing creativity within organizations, focusing on dimensions such as communication and business transparency, and measures including initiative and innovation. Effective communication and transparency are foundational to creating a workplace environment where trust and openness prevail, enabling employees to freely exchange ideas and collaborate more effectively. By fostering a culture that values these dimensions, organizations can better align their human resources with creative goals. Additionally, promoting initiative and supporting innovative practices are key measures that drive employee engagement and creative problem-solving. This seminar will examine how aligning these HR practices with organizational objectives can lead to increased creativity, improved performance, and sustainable growth. Practical strategies for implementing these alignment practices will also be discussed, providing actionable insights for enhancing both individual and collective creative potential.

DEMOCRACY STABILITY IN NIGERIA – “THE BLACK GOLD CRISES” A STUDY OF IJAW NATION STATE

2026-04-26T20:06:29+00:00

FAMILY STRUCTURE IN SHAPING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIAN COMMUNITIES: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

2026-05-07T06:25:21+00:00

This paper discussed the role of family structure in juvenile deviance in the Nigerian communities in relation to the interaction of social-economic factors and regional-disparities with family structures. The research was based on the Hirschi Social Control Theory that highlights family attachment, involvement, and supervision as factors in delinquency prevention. The study employed a qualitative methodology, using secondary data sources (textbooks, journal articles and government reports), and content analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that the single-parent families were the most related to juvenile delinquency because of emotional neglect, lack of supervision, and poverty. Poor communication and inconsistent parenting were some of the factors that influenced nuclear families, which are usually stable and led to delinquency. The extended families, despite the fact that they provided more comprehensive support, also had the problem of inconsistent parenting and adverse influences. Also, externalized institutions like schools, religious groups and peer groups were also found to play a significant role in delinquency with positive peer environment and school environment decreasing delinquent behaviors. Juvenile delinquency was worsened by socio-economic determinants such as poverty, unemployment and also regional inequalities, especially in poor regions such as the Niger Delta and the North of Nigeria. Finally, the paper has emphasized the intricate interplay between family structure, community norms and socio-economic status in the development of juvenile delinquency. The results highlighted the importance of multi-dimensional interventions to deal with these factors. Strategies such as enhancing family support mechanisms, encouraging positive peer and in-school interventions and relaxing socio-economic disparities with specific development programmes are recommended.

POLITICAL MARKETING ADVERTISING AND CANDIDATE MARKETABILITY IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-05-19T07:00:19+00:00

Political marketing advertising has become a central feature of modern electoral campaigns, serving as a strategic communication tool through which political actors seek to attract public attention and shape voter perceptions. This study examined the relationship between political marketing advertising and candidate marketability in Rivers State, Nigeria, with particular emphasis on three indicators: name recognition, favourability, and electoral viability. A quantitative research approach was employed using a descriptive survey design to collect data from registered voters across selected local government areas in the state. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) with the support of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated a very strong and statistically significant relationship between in political marketing advertising and candidate name recognition (r = 0.909, p < 0.05). A similarly strong positive relationship was found between political marketing advertising and candidate favourability (r = 0.873, p < 0.05). In contrast, the relationship between political advertising and electoral viability was positive but moderate (r = 0.528, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that while political marketing advertising substantially enhances candidate visibility and contributes to the formation of favourable voter perceptions, its influence on perceived electoral competitiveness is comparatively limited and mediated by other political marketing and contextual factors. The study concludes that political marketing advertising remains an important component of campaign strategy in Rivers State, but its effectiveness is maximised when integrated with broader political mobilisation and organisational efforts.

INVENTORY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MIDSTREAM OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-26T22:22:08+00:00

This study focused on inventory management techniques and supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study reviewed literatures on inventory management techniques and supply chain performance and anchored the study on the contingency theory. This theory states that organizations adapt their structures to maintain fit with changing contextual factors. Failure to attain a proper fit between structure and environment results in inferior outcomes (typically, the outcomes are some aspects of performance). The study concludes that inventory management techniques positively and significantly relates with supply chain performance of midstream oil and gas firms in River State, and recommends amongst others that, managers of midstream oil and gas companies should position strategically, ABC inventory techniques and vendor managed inventory to their firms’ cycle time of delivery and order processing to achieve definitive supply chain performance.

EFFECT OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT WITH FEEDBACK ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN ECONOMICS IN JOS-SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-01-28T10:43:16+00:00

Formative assessment with feedback (FAF) has emerged as a learner-centred instructional approach that emphasizes continuous monitoring of learning and the provision of timely, constructive feedback to enhance students’ engagement and motivation. Despite its documented effectiveness in improving academic outcomes, its influence on students’ interest in Economics within Nigerian secondary schools remains underexplored. This study investigated the effect of formative assessment with feedback on Senior Secondary School II students’ interest in Economics in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest non-randomized control group design was adopted. The population comprised 627 SS II Economics students, from which a sample of 90 students drawn from two co-educational secondary schools was selected using purposive sampling techniques. The experimental group was taught Economics concepts using formative assessment strategies integrated with structured feedback, while the control group received instruction through the conventional lecture method over a twelve-week period. Data were collected using the Economics Interest Scale (EIS), a validated Likert-type instrument with a reliability coefficient of 0.93 and validity index of 0.83. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to test the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed a statistically significant difference in posttest interest mean scores in favour of students exposed to formative assessment with feedback (F(1,87) = 1392.26, p < .05, η² = .94). The study concluded that formative assessment with feedback is a powerful pedagogical strategy for enhancing students’ interest in Economics and recommended its systematic integration into secondary school instructional practices.

ENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURE CAPITAL FINANCING AND MARKETING GROWTH OF SMES IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-02-08T21:55:33+00:00

The study examined the nexus between venture capital financing and marketing growth of SMEs in River State. The correlational design within a quantitative method was adopted; the population comprised of 2,596 SMEs in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. A sample size of 310 was drawn from the population using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. The simple random sampling was adopted and the data were gathered using copies of questionnaire which were personally administered to respondents. The reliability test was tested using the Cronbach Alpha method with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, and it was 0.78, which is higher than the benchmark of 0.7. 5 items were used in measuring each of the variables and the item were given on a 5-point likert scare ranging from strongly disagree, disagree, agree, neutral and strongly agree. The Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used in testing the stated hypotheses. From the foregoing analysis, it is evident that venture capital financing showed a significant relationship with marketing growth of SMEs in River State. The empirical results of this study confirmed this as a positive and significant relationship was found between debt financing and market share growth of SMEs in River State; equity financing and market share growth of SMEs in River State. It was concluded that venture capital financing is a significant predictor of growth of SMEs in River State via equity financing and debt financing. In line with the analysis and conclusion, the study recommends that: Given that the role of equity financing is key to the growth and survival of any firm; venture capitalist should make available equity financing for SMEs and venture fund managers should periodically assess SMEs under their control to determine the state of debt management ability. This will enhance profitability and performance of small and medium scale enterprises.

ELDER ABUSE AND DEPRESSION AMONG ELDERLY PERSONS IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRES IN OBIO-AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE

2026-02-13T20:45:25+00:00

This study investigated elder abuse and depression among elderly persons attending public health centres in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. A correlational research design was adopted and a stratified random sample of 830 elderly persons (aged 60 years and above) was selected from public health facilities across the LGA. Standardized instruments, including the Physical Abuse Scale, Neglect Scale, Financial Exploitation Scale, Emotional Abuse Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), were used for data collection. Simple regression analysis revealed that physical abuse (R² = .242, p < .001), neglect (R² = .279, p < .001), financial exploitation (R² = .219, p < .001) and emotional abuse (R² = .315, p < .001) significantly predicted depression among elderly respondents. Emotional abuse emerged as the strongest predictor, explaining 31.5% of the variance in depression scores. The findings underscore the urgent need for elder protection policies, improved caregiver training and psychosocial support programs to mitigate abuse-related depression among older adults. Strengthening community awareness and social protection systems is recommended to safeguard the dignity and mental health of Nigeria’s rapidly growing elderly population.

ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING ENCROACHMENT LEVEL OF RAFIN ZURFI AREA OF BAUCHI METROPOLIS ALONG THE CORRIDOR OF EXISTING 330KV POWER TRANSMISSION LINE

2026-02-21T22:01:09+00:00

This study assesses the level of building encroachment along the 330kV power transmission line
corridor in Rafin Zurfi, Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria, in relation to regulatory standards established
by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and the Transmission Company of
Nigeria (TCN). Rapid urbanization and weak enforcement of land-use regulations have led to
widespread encroachment into transmission line right-of-ways (ROWs), posing significant safety
risks and threatening infrastructure integrity. The research employed a mixed-methods survey
design, integrating spatial analysis using QGIS software with questionnaire administration to 145
household heads whose buildings fall within the 50-meter setback zone, as well as interviews with
officials from the Bauchi State Urban Planning Board and TCN.The spatial analysis revealed that
out of 8,315 total buildings in Rafin Zurfi, 606 buildings (7.3%) encroach within the mandated 50
meter setback of the 330kV transmission line. Of these, 87 buildings (14.4%) are situated in the
critical 0-10 meter zone, 214 buildings (35.3%) in the 11-25 meter high-risk zone, 198 buildings
(32.7%) in the 26-40 meter moderate-risk zone, and 107 buildings (17.6%) in the 41-50 meter
low-risk zone. Residential buildings constitute the majority of encroachments (80.9%), followed by
commercial (12.5%), mixed-use (5.3%), and religious/community buildings (1.3%). Findings
indicate that economic pressures including land scarcity, high property costs, and proximity to
livelihoods combined with regulatory failures such as lack of enforcement and public ignorance are
the primary drivers of encroachment. Awareness of regulations is critically low: 66.9% of
respondents were unaware of any construction restrictions when building, only 15.9% correctly
identified the 50-meter setback requirement, and 55.2% were classified as having "low" overall
awareness. Safety incidents are prevalent, with 46.2% reporting sparking from lines during rain,
29.7% experiencing minor electric shocks, and 8.3% reporting fires traced to electrical faults. Self
reported health issues include frequent headaches (61.4%), sleep disturbances (49.7%), and
dizziness (40.0%). Power supply disruptions are frequent, with 83.5% experiencing outages at
least weekly. The study concludes that significant and dangerous building encroachment exists
along the 330kV transmission line corridor in Rafin Zurfi, resulting from the convergence of
economic necessity among a low-income, poorly educated population and systemic failures in
regulatory enforcement, public awareness, and urban planning. Urgent multi-sectoral intervention
is required, including demolition of buildings in the critical zone, relocation of affected residents,
strengthened enforcement mechanisms, comprehensive public awareness campaigns, and long
term urban planning reforms to prevent further encroachment and ensure public safety.

BUREAUCRATIC DECISION-MAKING: LEVERAGING STRATEGIC INFORMATION USE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS

2026-03-06T09:10:30+00:00

This study investigates the relationship between strategic information use and bureaucratic decision-making dynamics within Local Government Councils in Rivers State, Nigeria. Utilizing a descriptive correlational survey design, the research explores how the systematic acquisition and integration of information influence the speed and quality of administrative outputs. The study is anchored on Information Culture Theory, Decision-Making Theory, and Sociotechnical Systems Theory. Data were collected from a cross-section of administrative officers and directors across the 23 Local Government Areas in Rivers State. Findings reveal that dimensions of strategic information use, specifically data integration and information-seeking behavior, significantly predict decision timeliness and accuracy. The results underscore the critical role of robust information management systems in mediating bureaucratic processes, suggesting that the “administrative credibility gap” prevalent in local governance can be bridged through strategic digitalization and the cultivation of a data-driven organizational culture. Recommendations focus on institutionalizing evidence-based protocols and enhancing human capital development to facilitate agile governance at the grassroots level.

GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF MSMES IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-03-06T11:25:02+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between green entrepreneurship and the economic sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The dimensions of green entrepreneurship examined included Eco-Product Entrepreneurship, Eco-Service Entrepreneurship, and Green Agriculture Entrepreneurship. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design, targeting 20 MSMEs operational for over a decade, with two managerial staff from each enterprise selected via purposive sampling, resulting in 40 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient at 0.01 and 0.05 significance levels. The findings indicate a strong positive relationship between Eco-Product Entrepreneurship (ρ = 0.922, p < 0.01) and Green Agriculture Entrepreneurship (ρ = 0.685, p < 0.01) with economic sustainability, while Eco-Service Entrepreneurship showed a moderate positive relationship (ρ = 0.346, p < 0.05). The study concludes that green entrepreneurship significantly enhances the economic sustainability of MSMEs by improving profitability, operational efficiency, and long-term resilience. Recommendations include promoting eco-product innovations, strengthening eco-service offerings, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the importance of environmentally sustainable business practices in enhancing the economic performance of MSMEs in emerging economy contexts, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 and 12 and Africa’s Agenda 2063 for inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

SMART DATA MANAGEMENT AND DECISION-MAKING EFFICIENCY OF AIRLINE OPERATORS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T12:52:34+00:00

The study investigated the relationship between smart data management and decision-making efficiency of airline operators in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to empirically determine the relationship between smart data management and decision-making efficiency of airline operators in Rivers State, especially in terms of operational response time and resource utilization effectiveness. The study made use of cross-sectional explanatory survey research design. The population of the study consisted of eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State. The entire population of eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State were used for the study without sampling. Therefore, the sample size of the study comprised eleven (11) airline operators in Rivers State. As pertaining to respondents, six managers (airline operations manager, fleet manager, crew manager, safety manager, and finance manager customer service manager) were chosen from each of the airline operators, which gave a total of 66 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The validation of the instrument was done by some experts in Office and Information Management, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. A total of sixty-six (66) copies of the questionnaire was administered and 58 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The result of the analyses showed that there is a very strong positive relationship between smart data management and decision-making effectiveness of airline operators in Rivers State, especially in terms of operational response time and resource utilization effectiveness. The study concluded that airline operators that fail to adopt smart data management risk being left behind, as efficiency in decision-making has become the new currency for survival and growth. It was recommended, among others, that airline operators should deploy centralized smart data platforms that integrate real-time data from operations, customer service, and logistics to support faster and evidence-based decisions, thereby reducing delays and in efficiencies.

CONSTRAINTS ASSOCIATED WITH ONLINE MARKETING FOR SMALL BUSINESSES ON SELECTED STATES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

2026-03-11T14:58:02+00:00

This study examined the constraints associated with online marketing among small businesses in selected States in the South-South Region of Nigeria. The study specifically investigated the effects of infrastructural, financial and technological constraints on online marketing in small businesses in Asaba and Benin metropolis. Descriptive survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 100 owners and managers of small businesses using a structured questionnaire.

Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression techniques were employed to analyze the data. Findings revealed that while most small businesses make use of one or more online marketing platforms, particularly social media, their usage remains largely basic. Respondents reported significant challenges relating to unstable electricity supply, unreliable and costly internet services, inadequate funds, limited digital skills, distrust of online transactions, and weak government support. Correlation results indicated significant negative relationships between these constraints and online marketing outcomes. Regression analysis further showed that infrastructural, financial, and technological constraints jointly and significantly predict online marketing performance among small businesses. The study concludes that in the South-South Region businesses are willing but constrained users of online marketing. The study recommends improved infrastructure, enhanced access to finance, and targeted digital skills training, and more supportive institutional policies.

ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY RECORGNITION AND FINTECH MARKETING IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN SOUTH/SOUTH, NIGERIA

2026-03-26T10:28:59+00:00

This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and marketing impact assessment in fintech firms in South/South Nigeria. The study was anchored on opportunity-based theory and resource-based view, emphasizing the strategic role of opportunity recognition in enhancing firm-level marketing outcomes. A descriptive survey research design wasadopted, and data were collected from 360 managerial staff across 36 registered fintech firms
using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential correlation techniques via SPSS version 22.0. Findings revealed that entrepreneurial opportunity recognition has a significant positive relationship with market share growth, sales growth, and customer retention. Specifically, firms that actively identify and exploit emerging market opportunities demonstrate stronger market penetration, increased sales performance, and improved customer loyalty. The study concludes that opportunity recognition is a critical strategic capability that enhances marketing impact within the fintech sector. The study recommends that fintech firms should strengthen their opportunity sensing capabilities, invest in innovation-driven
marketing strategies, and deepen customer-focused relationship practices to sustain competitive advantage and long-term growth in dynamic digital markets.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES TOWARDS CREATING ACCESS TO ELECTRONIC LIBRARY RESOURCES FOR STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LAFIA, NASSARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.

2026-03-28T22:20:33+00:00

The study seeks to assess the availability and use of assistive technologies towards creating access to electronic library resources for students with visual impairment in Federal University Lafia, Nassarawa State, Nigeria. Guided by four objectives translated into four research questions, the research adopted the descriptive survey design with a total population of 19 respondents who were all included in the study as such, no sample and sampling technique was required. Two instruments were used to gather data for the study, the electronic library resources questionnaire (DEIAELR) and an electronic resources and assistive technology observation checklist (EATOC). The Findings of the study reveals that majority of the electronic resources are available, However most of the electronic resource are not accessible by the visually impaired students. Study further shows that there are few available assistive technologies that are available to aid the visually impaired students. However, the assistive technology available assist visually impaired students in accessing electronic resources. It was recommended that institutions should put effort to acquire sufficient assistive technologies to support access to electronic resources. It was also suggested that library staff be trained on the use of these assistive technologies in order to provide the adequate support to these category of users. This will promote equity and inclusiveness in access to digital resources.

EFFECTS OF CULTURING CLARIAS GARIEPINUS FINGERLINS IN GRADED LEVELS OF MORINGA SEED POWDER TREATED WATER ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE IN MUBI ADAMAWA STATE-NIGERIA

2026-04-03T07:28:15+00:00

A study was conducted to determining the influence of graded levels of Moringa seed powder treated water on the growth and survival of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. 240 Clarias gariepinus fingerlings obtained from Abdul Fana Farms, Yola used and were randomly assigned to twelve (12) experimental tanks (1m x 1.2 m x 1 m) of 60 per treatment (Each treatment was replicated three (3) times) and 20 per experimental tank. Dried seeds of Moringa oleifera was ground into fine powder and graded into four (4) levels and designated as treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4 (0g, 5g, 10g and 15g, respectively). The tanks were filled to average of 100 litres of water. The fingerlings were fed three (3) times daily. Data were taken on the percentage weight gain, length gain, survival rate and water quality. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 23.0. The result revealed that the treatment T2 gave highest weight gain of 14.77+0.67g and this could be due to stability in water pH. The length gain was highest in T1 (7.83+0.33), growth rate was highest in T2 (1.38+0.83) and the survival rate was highest in T2 (86.66+0.67). Dissolved Oxygen was highest in T0 (4.80+0.0), Temperature highest in T2 (26.61+0.42) and pH highest in T1 (8.16+0.66). This study concluded that Moringa oleifera seed could be used effectively for water reuse in the culture of Clarias. gariepinus fingerlings without any negative effects on the growth performances. It is therefore recommended that culture water should be treated using Moringa seed powder at 10g/100 L to reduce the rate of water spoilage in fish culture.

DIGITAL OFFICE STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE DELIVERY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-23T17:40:40+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between digital office strategy and administrative service delivery in higher education institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (Davis, 1989) and the Resource-Based View (Barney, 1991), the study operationalised digital office strategy in terms of digital workflow automation and cloud-based information systems. Administrative service delivery was measured through service responsiveness and process efficiency. A correlational survey design was adopted. The population comprised 862 administrative staff drawn from six public higher education institutions in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample of 273 respondents was determined and selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) was used to test two null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed significant positive relationships between digital workflow automation and service responsiveness (r = 0.681, p < 0.05), and between cloud-based information systems and process efficiency (r = 0.643, p < 0.05). The study concludes that digital office strategy is a strong predictor of administrative service delivery in higher education institutions in Rivers State. It is recommended that university administrators prioritise the adoption and integration of digital workflow automation and cloud-based information systems to enhance service responsiveness and process efficiency.

IMPACT OF NEW DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURES ON LECTURERS RESEARCH INVESTIGATION IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN SOUTH-SOUTH GEO-POLITICAL ZONE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T19:22:31+00:00

Digital infrastructures advancements on lecturers’ research investigation offer great opportunities for further development in research work not only on lecturers’ research investigations but on all researchers. These digital infrastructures are critical for effective research particularly in Colleges of Education. The impact of these digital infrastructures on lecturers’ research investigation is very vital in all areas of knowledge. They accelerate the research process and guarantee more reliable results. However, notwithstanding the importance and necessity of these digital infrastructures, most lecturers for some reasons are reluctant to adopt them in their research work. This study assessed the impact of new digital infrastructure on lecturers’ research investigation in federal colleges of education in south-south geo-political zone, Nigeria despite this apathy by some lecturers. The study employed a descriptive research design. Four research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The population of the study comprised five hundred and forty-six (546) academic staff from three federal colleges of education in south-south Geo- political zone ( Asaba- 211, Omoku- 217 and Obudu 118, Source: National Commission for Colleges of Education Abuja). The study sampled 150 lecturers from 5 departments across the three federal colleges of education in south – south geo-political zone of Nigeria using simple random sampling techniques.An instrument titled ‘‘New Digital Infrastructure on Lecturers Research Investigation (NDILRI)” was used for the study.The instrument was analysed using a four point Likert-type of response scale. It was face and content validated by two experts from department of psychology, Alvan Ikokwu federal university of education, Owerri, Imo State. They were requested to examine the instrument to ensure that the content and language of the instrument relate to the purpose of the study, research questions and hypotheses. Data collected were analysed using Cronbach Alpha to find the internal consistency of the instrument. The internal consistency estimate for the instrument was .84. The value was judged high enough to give confidence to the reliability of the instrument. In getting the questionnaire across to the respondents, the researchers employed the face to face method. The researchers and three research assistants that were trained and briefed visited the sampled schools and administered the questionnaire to the students. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics of Means and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The findings of the study indicated that that new digital infrastructures impacts lecturers’ research investigation in colleges of education in south-south geo-political zone, Nigeria. It was therefore recommended among others that federal colleges of education should organize regular workshops, seminars, and hands-on training programmes to enhance lecturers’ digital literacy and competence in using emerging research tools, including AI, cloud computing, and data analysis platforms.

ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF QUANTITY SURVEYING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-04-30T09:06:41+00:00

This study examines the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the organizational performance of quantity surveying firms in Nigeria. The growing emphasis on sustainability and ethical business practices has necessitated the integration of CSR into professional service delivery, particularly within the built environment. However, limited empirical evidence exists on how CSR affects the performance of quantity surveying firms, especially in developing economies. A quantitative research design employing a descriptive and correlational survey approach was adopted. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to professionals in selected quantity surveying firms across Lagos, Abuja, and Kano. The study population comprised 432 registered firms, from which a sample size of 208 was determined using Yamane’s formula. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that CSR practices are positively and significantly related to organizational performance. Economic CSR was found to have the strongest influence on performance, followed by social and environmental CSR dimensions. The results further indicate that CSR significantly explains variations in organizational performance, highlighting its strategic importance in enhancing efficiency, service delivery, and stakeholder trust. Despite these benefits, challenges such as limited awareness, resource constraints, and weak regulatory enforcement were identified as barriers to effective CSR implementation. The study concludes that CSR is a critical determinant of organizational performance in quantity surveying firms and should be integrated into core business strategies. It recommends increased awareness, stronger regulatory frameworks, and enhanced capacity building to promote comprehensive CSR adoption within the profession.

The Craft of Writing: A Panacea for Low Intelligibility

2026-05-18T05:47:20+00:00

Writing is a natural activity. All physically and mentally normal people learn to speak a language. A written message can be received, stored and refer back to at anytime. Bell and Buraby (1983) see writing as an extremely complex cognitive activity in which the writer is required to demonstrate control of a number of variables simultaneously. At the sentence level, these variables include control of content, format, sentence structure, vocabulary, punctuation, spelling and letter formation. Beyond the sentence the writer must be able to structure and integrate information into cohesive and coherent paragraphs and texts.

STRATEGIC PATHWAYS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ELEME

2026-01-13T20:19:11+00:00

In the early 1980s, Eleme experienced a vibrant boom in cultural tourism, with masquerade
performances forming the core of entertainment during the Christmas season.
Colourful displays at the Alesa Town Square remain memorable, featuring iconic masquerades such as Owu-ama, Oki, Arungo, Abah, Ofrima and others.
Moments when Owuama and Abah electrified the town square, sending spectators running in
excitement, captured the communal spirit and cultural richness of Eleme.
The high height Ogale masquerade, popularly known as Owu Konkon, stood out as a symbol of cultural pride, while Alode, Aleto, Agbonchia, and neighbouring communities also hosted impressive masquerade events that sustained local engagement in subtle but meaningful ways.
This cultural landscape shifted with the rise of aggressive Pentecostal evangelism, which increasingly portrayed masquerade traditions as ungodly.
In response, church crusades and inter-community football tournaments were introduced during festive periods, intentionally displacing traditional masquerade celebrations across Eleme.

TRAUMA LITERACY INCLUSION IN JOURNALISM CURRICULUM: A PERCEPTION ANALYSIS OF EDUCATORS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-28T08:57:31+00:00

In the past few years, there has been a growing call for the inclusion of trauma literacy
course(s) in the curriculum of journalism training institutions in Nigeria. The proponents of
this call hold the view that many journalists leave the university or other training institutions
with almost no knowledge of how to approach the coverage of events that have trauma
scenes and extreme danger. This study therefore sought to find out the opinions of
journalism educators in Rivers State-based universities and polytechnics concerning the call
to include trauma-based contents in the curriculum of journalism studies. The study adopted
by qualitative and quantitative methods by using questionnaire and interviews to elicit
responses. The total enumeration sampling technique was used to determine the sample
size while the simple percentage count template and the Miles and Huberman's method
were used for analysis. The study found that trauma literacy is not distinctly taught in
journalism schools, and that students leave school without being equipped with the skills to
cover trauma-laden incidents. The study recommended that trauma literacy courses should
be designed and included in journalism curriculum.

CORPORATE DIVIDEND POLICY AND ACCOUNTING INFORMATION OF QUOTED CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-02-08T11:28:14+00:00

This study examined the relationship between corporate dividend policy and accounting information of quoted consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria for the period 2013–2023. The study specifically investigated the effects of earnings per share (EPS), profitability (ROA and ROE), liquidity, and firm size on dividend payout decisions. The ex post facto research design was adopted, and data were collected from audited annual reports and financial statements of selected firms. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression techniques were employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that EPS, profitability, liquidity, and firm size all had positive and significant effects on dividend policy. The results indicated that firms with higher earnings, better profitability, adequate liquidity, and larger size were more likely to maintain consistent and higher dividend payouts. The study concluded that high-quality accounting information is a critical determinant of dividend decisions and plays a key role in reducing information asymmetry between management and investors. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for corporate managers, investors, and regulators to enhance transparency, strengthen dividend practices, and improve market confidence. The study contributed to existing literature by providing sector-specific evidence from Nigeria’s consumer goods manufacturing industry and validated the applicability of the Bird-in-Hand, Signalling, and Agency theories in an emerging market context.

WORKPLACE STRESS AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE; A CASE STUDY OF GIG LOGISTICS EXPRESS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-02-08T23:11:43+00:00

This work explores the link between workplace stress and employee performance GIG Logistics
Express, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Stressors differ in levels. Moderate amount of stress could
serve as a source of motivation, however, chronic or excessive amount of stress impedes
productivity, and impacts negatively on employee health and performance. For any organization to
achieve its essence, it must have acquired the right calibre of talents with the right skill-set, and
managed them properly. A mixed-method approach of primary data sources were adopted through
questionnaires and interviews to examine the implications of stressors on employee performance.
The findings concerning the effect of stress on employees revealed that majority of the employees
are consistently on medications for different sorts of illnesses. Critical observations also revealed
that many reported cases of absenteeism, inconsistency, inability to deliver on set goals were stress
related. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended amongst others, that conducive
working environment, job redesign, work-life balance, employee-friendly leadership, equity in
remuneration, promotion should be provided for the employees in order to reduce work-stress and
enhance performance. In conclusion, it is clear endemic organizational challenge of decrease in
performance because of work related stress and lack of enforcement of stress management
standards.

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON INNOVATION IN PAINT MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS

2026-02-20T22:53:29+00:00

This study examined the effect of organizational culture on innovation in paint manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria, with specific focus on organizational values and norms. The study was motivated by persistent challenges of low product development and inefficient production processes among local paint manufacturers despite increasing competitive and regulatory pressures. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 342 employees drawn from 25 registered paint manufacturing firms using structured questionnaires. The instrument was validated through expert review, and reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.82. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that organizational values have a significant positive effect on innovation, particularly product and process innovation. Organizational norms were also found to significantly influence innovation, although to a lesser extent than values. The regression results indicated that values and norms jointly explained a substantial proportion of the variance in innovation among the firms. The study concludes that a strong, adaptive organizational culture enhances employees’ innovative behaviours and supports the effective implementation of new ideas. It therefore recommends that paint manufacturing firms strengthen innovation-oriented values and norms to improve competitiveness, operational efficiency, and long-term sustainability in the industry.

AN EXAMINATION OF OPINIONS ON ADVERTISING TECHNIQUES, EVALUATION AND GRATIFICATION

2026-03-03T14:31:34+00:00

Advertisers clearly define their intentions before engaging in the series of planned activities thatare aimed at promoting products, brands and services. Every advertising effort attempts to reach out to the target audience, attract patronage and earn economic profitability in the process. To be on top of their game, they take deliberate steps to determine if the method(s) deployed for such brand marketing have been effective in hitting the targeted mark or achieving the expected return on investment. This is because it will be directionless for corporate organisations to undertake an advertising campaign without adopting the right measurement mechanism. To this end, very advertiser devises ways of assessing their strengths, weaknesses, successes and otherwise of their
campaign. It is also important to determine measurement techniques to ascertain their successes or otherwise in terms of sales, increased brand awareness, wider distribution among others. This research study evaluated the techniques deployed by advertising agencies to assess the success or otherwise of their campaigns. The study adopted the survey method to gather resourceful data from 130 respondents and five participants who were selected through census, for their opinions on the techniques used, and gratifications earned by advertisers in Rivers State. The study was anchored
on the Uses and Gratification, Cognitive Evaluation and Public Opinion Theories. The data collected from the field were analysed using simple percentage template and the Miles and Hubermans’analytical format. The study found that advertising effectiveness is hugely dependent on the choiceof techniques, advertisers adopt techniques for campaigns based on targeted gratifications. Thebstudy recommends that advertising agencies should adopt techniques based on the peculiarity of the brand, product or service being advertised and they should be more thorough in evaluating the outcome of their campaigns to ensure more effective results in the future.

NEGOTIATION STRATEGY AND SUSTAINABLE MARKETING PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN AVIATION SECTOR

2026-03-06T10:33:37+00:00

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between negotiation strategy and sustainable marketing performance in the Nigerian aviation sector. This study used a structured questionnaire designed in five Likert scale of strongly disagreed to strongly agree to collect data from respondents in the Nigerian aviation sector. The questionnaire distributed and retrieved were analysed with statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation and Pearson product moment correlation. From the analyses, the study found different degree of positive and statistically significant relationship between negotiation strategy and sustainable marketing performance used in this study (stakeholder value and product acceptability). Based on the findings of the study, we conclude that high level of negotiation strategy used as an anti-crisis strategic marketing management approach in crisis situation brings value for all stakeholders involved in a business and also encourages the acceptance of products offered to public both within and across national frontier by the Nigerian aviation sector. Recommends the use of negotiation strategy by managers in the Nigerian aviation sector to achieve sustainability of marketing performance.

LONG TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON EQUITY OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T11:51:41+00:00

The objective was to determine long-term debt and return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study adopted positivism philosophy and ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) industrial goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group were sampled to six using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study were sourced from annual reports and statement of accounts of the selected companies. This study employ descriptive statistics and Panel Least Square (PLS) estimate using panel data from 2015 to 2024 covering a period of ten (10) years for eight listed industrial goods manufacturing firms. The study result disclosed that the effect of long-term debt on return on equity of listed industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria is significant. It was suggested amongst others that to curb the significant effect of short- term debt on return on assets, the management of the listed industrial goods firms should maximize the functions of the risk committee formed to measure the risks involved in debt financing.

MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS OF CONFECTIONERY COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2026-03-06T13:44:45+00:00

The study aimed at examining the relationship between managerial competencies and entrepreneurial success of confectionery companies in South-South Nigeria. The study has four specific objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses. Correlational research design was adopted by the researcher. Twenty-four (24) confectionery companies were selected and spread across South-South Nigeria. The study relied on the use of primary data, sourced using structured questionnaire. A total of 96 questionnaire were distributed to respondents, and all 96 were successfully retrieved and used in the analysis., hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. The result obtained revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between managerial competency and entrepreneurial success in confectionery companies. The study asserts that, for confectionery to attain market success companies must ensure they create good customer relationship that will eventually lead to product loyalty. This study concludes that managerial competency plays a critical and positive role in enhancing the entrepreneurial success of confectionery companies in South-South Nigeria. The findings clearly establish that competencies such as communication skills and problem-solving abilities significantly improve market success and operational success, managerial competency was found to directly influence firm performance. Communication skill emerged as a particularly strong predictor of success, effective managerial communication enhances employee commitment, reduces inefficiencies, and strengthens organizational outcomes. The study therefore affirms that continuous top-down and bottom-up communication is essential for achieving business goals and sustaining performance. The study recommended that confectionery companies should ensure that their product meet up with world standard, well packaged, satisfactory to the final consumers. Managerial competency can be enhanced through training and retraining of employees.

INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON ACHIEVEMENT OF SENIOR SECONDARY TWO STUDENTS EXPOSED TO SEQUENTIAL TEACHING METHODS IN BIOLOGY IN JOS-SOUTH, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-22T11:27:45+00:00

The study investigated the influence of gender on achievement of senior secondary two students exposed to sequential teaching methods in Biology in Jos-South Plateau state, Nigeria. The study employed the non- equivalent pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental research design. The sample comprised 118 (47 male and 71 female) SS2 students offering Biology from four co-educational Public secondary schools in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The Biology Achievement Test (BAT) with Reliability index 0.924 was used as an instrument for data collection. Research questions were Answered using mean and standard deviation while hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that sequential teaching methods improved the achievement of male and female senior secondary students in Biology. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that Biology teachers should teach their students with sequential teaching methods to enhance male and female students’ achievement in the subject.

PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON SELF-EFFICACY FOR EMPLOYABILITY AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS OF COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T21:19:45+00:00

This study examined the perceived influence of entrepreneurship education on self-efficacy for employability among business education students in colleges of education in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two specific purposes, two research questions, and two null hypotheses. A survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 252 final-year business education students from colleges of education across Adamawa State, which also constituted the entire sample size. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers, titled the “Questionnaire on Perceived Entrepreneurship Education and Self-Efficacy for Employability” (QPEESE). The validity and reliability of the instrument were established. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics (regression analysis) were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that entrepreneurship education significantly influences perceived managerial self-efficacy for employability among business education students (p = 0.000). Similarly, entrepreneurship education was found to significantly influence perceived self-efficacy in creative thinking for employability (p = 0.000). The study concluded that entrepreneurship education plays a crucial role in enhancing both managerial and creative thinking self-efficacy, which are essential for the employability of business education students. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that the management of colleges of education should focus on integrating practical, hands-on learning experiences—such as workshops, internships, and real-world business simulations—into entrepreneurship education to enhance students' managerial self-efficacy. Furthermore, institutions should prioritize the recruitment and retention of qualified educators skilled in fostering both managerial and creative thinking competencies.

EFFECTS OF THINK-PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY ON NIGERIAN CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION WRITING IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION PANKSHIN, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:51:50+00:00

This study investigated the effects of the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) cooperative learning strategy on Nigerian Certificate in Education II (NCE II) students' achievement in expository composition writing at Federal College of Education (FCE) Pankshin, Plateau State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent pre-test post-test control group design was adopted. Simple random sampling was used to select 143 NCE II students from schools within the Pankshin Local Government Area; 85 were assigned to the experimental group (TPS instruction) and 58 to the control group (lecture method). The Composition Writing Achievement Test (CWAT) was used for data collection; content validity was established by experts from the English Education and Research, Measurement and Evaluation units of the University of Jos, and reliability was determined via the test re-test method (r = 0.86). The study explored student performance in five sub-domains: idea generation, organisation, paragraphing, punctuation, and editing. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) addressed the research questions; Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tested the hypotheses at α = 0.05. Findings showed that TPS-taught students achieved significantly higher post-test scores (̅x = 68.93) than control-group peers (̅x = 52.47), F(1, 140) = 45.52, p < 0.05. No significant gender differential was found among TPS students (p > 0.05). Based on these findings, it is recommended that community-based literacy programmes be compared with TPS and other cooperative interventions, and that TPS be adopted in NCE English Language Education programmes.

AI TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS: A STRATEGY FOR FAMILY RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, MANAGEMENT, AND EMPOWERMENT

2026-04-14T17:54:55+00:00

This study assesses the Artificial Intelligence (AI) technological options applications opens for enhancing family resource development, management, and empowerment. Three main objectives were formulated for this study: identifying AI technological options for family resource development and management, exploring how effective AI tools are in improving household decision-making and resource use, and evaluating the impact of AI technologies on family empowerment. Survey research design was used backed up with qualitative inquiry for this study.
Questionnaire was used for data collection and sent to households, focus group discussions, and secondary sources from academic and development literature. Collected quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The results show that AI-driven tools like smart budgeting systems, digital learning platforms, and health-monitoring apps significantly boost resource efficiency, cut down on waste, and enhance family well-being. The study suggests promoting digital literacy, increasing access to affordable AI technologies, and weaving AI into family and community development efforts. In conclusion, AI technological options emerge as powerful significant strategies for strengthening family resource
management and fostering sustainable empowerment.

CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (IPSAS) IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT

2026-04-26T18:44:27+00:00

The adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) is widely regarded as a major reform strategy for enhancing transparency, accountability, and comparability in public sector financial reporting. Nigeria formally adopted IPSAS with the expectation that global accounting standards would strengthen its public financial management systems. However, over a decade after adoption, effective implementation of IPSAS remains limited. This paper critically reviews the major challenges inhibiting IPSAS implementation in Nigeria, including institutional weaknesses, human capital deficits, technological limitations, political instability, cultural resistance, and weak regulatory enforcement. Drawing on existing literature, the study highlights the structural, administrative, and socio‑political constraints that undermine IPSAS adoption and offers policy recommendations to strengthen implementation. It concludes that while IPSAS holds significant promise for improving financial reporting in Nigeria’s public sector, addressing systemic challenges is vital to realize its full benefits.

GOOD GOVERNANCE TRANSPARENCY AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE FOURTH REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA.

2026-04-26T19:56:15+00:00

This paper highlights the essence of good governance in government and the entrenchment of democracy in the Fourth Republic. A corollary of good governance transparency in elections and choosing of representatives in the democratic systems. The paper examines the electoral systems in Nigeria’s fourth republic vis-à-vis the practice of democracy and proposes that for national purposes, good governance and transparency are essential ingredients for entrenchment of democracy in Nigeria.

WORKPLACE POLICIES FOR EFFECTIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AMONG WORKING MOTHERS IN NIGERIA

2026-05-07T06:15:57+00:00

The first childcare normally provided by mothers after birth is breastfeeding. Due to hard economic conditions, breastfeeding mothers have taken up employment in both public and private establishments. They face the huge challenge of bridging the gap between effectively breastfeeding their babies and discharging their functions at work. Consequently, there is the need to formulate workplace policies that will ensure the mothers effectively breastfeed their children. Family-friendly policies have been discussed. Workplace supports for effective breastfeeding practices has also been discussed. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months after childbirth has been advocated. However, mothers’ perception and knowledge influence their breastfeeding practices. Several studies have found that working mothers quickly discontinue exclusive breast feeding, especially when the maternity leave is over. This has been attributed to challenges such as lack of cooperation from colleagues and superiors, lack of support from family members, and lack of managerial breastfeeding support. Other challenges the working mothers face include poor family income which forces them to take on low paying jobs, and working long hours which makes the mothers not to effectively breastfeed their children. The paper has recommended among others, that employers in both private and public sectors need to provide adequate facilities for breastfeeding mothers, and laws and policies regarding breastfeeding need to be reviewed to give room for working mothers to adequately and effectively breastfeed their children.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TRANSITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS

2026-05-19T06:42:33+00:00

The study looked at how the public in Port Harcourt Metropolis felt about the switch to renewable energy and environmental sustainability. The design used was cross-sectional. Residents of Port Harcourt Metropolis made up the study's population. To guarantee fair representation of participants from all parts of the city, a sample size of 200 respondents was chosen using a straightforward random selection procedure. The "Public Perception of Renewable Energy Transition and Environmental Sustainability Questionnaire" (EMPLSQ), a structured questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale, was used to gather data .Environmental management specialists verified the tool, and Cronbach Alpha yielded a reliability value of 0.87. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to analyze the data.The findings showed that residents in Port Harcourt Metropolis have a moderate level of awareness of the renewable energy transition, which is important for promoting environmental sustainability. Renewable energy is impacted by issues like high installation costs, low awareness, bad government policies, and a lack of technical expertise. It was determined that even while the shift to renewable energy is seen favorably, current economic, technical, and institutional challenges limit its effective adoption for environmental sustainability in Port Harcourt Metropolis. It recommended among others that Policymakers should provide incentives, subsidies, and affordable financing options to reduce the high cost of renewable energy installation in Port Harcourt Metropolis.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE ON THE EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-01-26T22:00:32+00:00

This study examined the impact of government revenue and expenditure on the educational development of Plateau State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 100 education stakeholders comprising officials from the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, school administrators, and teachers. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to ensure balanced representation of key stakeholders. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis and ANOVA, with hypotheses tested at 0.05 significance level using SPSS version 26.The findings revealed significant positive relationships between government revenue and educational development (F = 42.682, p < 0.05), with revenue explaining 30.4% of variations in educational outcomes. Similarly, expenditure trends showed a significant positive relationship with educational development (F = 61.494, p < 0.05), accounting for 39.7% of variations. The study concluded that government revenue and expenditure significantly influence educational development in Plateau State. Based on the findings, it was recommended that a dedicated education trust fund should be established by the Plateau state government and the Plateau state government should increase its education budget allocation to 15-20% of total state budget.

STRATEGIC RESPONSE AND ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AMONG OIL AND GAS SERVICING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-28T10:23:05+00:00

This study examined the relationship between strategic response and organisational growth among oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of strategic response such as innovation-oriented strategy relate with organisational growth in terms of financial growth and market growth. The study adopted a correlational research design, using a structured questionnaire administered to 60 managerial-level respondents drawn from 10 oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State, drawn from the Nigerian Content and Monitoring Board as reported in March, 2025. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used for the test of hypotheses. Findings revealed that both innovation-oriented strategy and adaptive strategy have strong and significant positive relationships with organisational growth of oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State. The study concludes that strategic response enhances organisational growth. Among others, the study recommends that oil and gas servicing firms in Rivers State in Rivers State should invest more in advanced exploration, drilling, and digital technologies, to reduce operational costs, improve efficiency, as such would enhance their financial growth.

ETHICAL AUDITING AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: A DUAL APPROACH TO FIGHTING FINANCIAL FRAUD IN NIGERIA

2026-02-08T21:47:24+00:00

This study examined the relationship between ethical auditing and technological innovation as a dual strategy for combating financial fraud in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive and correlational research design, utilizing primary data obtained from 140 auditors, accountants, and compliance officers across selected audit firms and financial institutions in Lagos and Abuja. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that auditors’ integrity, objectivity, competence, and independence significantly influence technological innovation in audit practice. Among these dimensions, auditors’ professional competence exerted the strongest effect, highlighting the importance of skill development and technological literacy in fraud detection and prevention. The study concludes that ethical auditing provides a foundation for the effective adoption of digital auditing tools such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and data analytics. It recommends continuous ethics training, technological capacity building, and regulatory enforcement to enhance transparency, accountability, and innovation in the Nigerian auditing profession.

ADVANCED OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY HYBRID DAMPING CONTROL OF MODULAR MULTILEVEL CONVERTERS USING WIDE-AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS TO MITIGATE SUB-SYNCHRONOUS OSCILLATIONS

2026-02-12T08:19:32+00:00

This study investigates the performance of a Hybrid Damping Control strategy applied to a
Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based HVDC offshore wind farm to mitigate sub-synchronous oscillations (SSOs) and enhance system stability. The primary problem addressed is the insufficient damping of high-frequency oscillatory modes under conventional local control, which can compromise dynamic performance and grid reliability. The methodology integrates fast local damping using resonant current injection with a supervisory wide-area measurement system (WAMS) employing Prony analysis for mode estimation. The hybrid current reference combines local and wide-area damping signals with delay compensation to ensure phase-aligned control.
Simulation results demonstrate significant performance improvements: the d-axis current
oscillation amplitude is reduced from ±50 A to ±30 A, and the q-axis from ±30 A to ±15 A,
achieving full settling within 4 s and 3 s, respectively. The damping ratios for critical modes
increase from 0.05 and 0.03 under local control to 0.11 and 0.10 with hybrid control, representing approximately 7% absolute improvement. Oscillation energy is drastically reduced, with cumulative energy falling from 1260 A²·s to 90 A²·s (≈93% reduction) in one scenario and from 760 A²·s to 25 A²·s (≈97% reduction) in another, confirming robust energy mitigation. Settling times and overshoot percentages are also significantly improved, demonstrating faster, more stable responses. These quantitative results validate the effectiveness of the Hybrid Damping strategy in enhancing dynamic stability, minimizing oscillatory energy, and ensuring reliable operation of offshore wind integration, providing actionable insights for grid operators and policymakers in the deployment of advanced damping controls in MMC-HVDC systems.

ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AS A MODERATING ROLE ON FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE AND ADMINISTRATIVE HEADS OF BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-02-21T21:16:48+00:00

The study determined the relationship between organizational culture as a moderating role on financial discipline of administrative heads and delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain how dimensions of financial discipline of administrative heads correlate with measures of delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The reviewed related literature x-rayed on Portfolio Theory, Positive Accounting Theory and Big Bucket Theory of Record Management. It was also found that there was a moderating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between financial discipline of administrative heads and delivery of Business Education programme in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The study concluded that administrative heads of tertiary institutions in Rivers State who exhibit strong financial discipline can allocate funds strategically to hire qualified Business Educators, maintain state-of-the-art facilities, and invest in innovative teaching methods, all of which are essential for delivering high-quality Business Education programme. Consequently, it was recommended among others that administrators in tertiary institutions in Rivers State should utilize advanced financial management software such as expenses tracking application to monitor and report their spending in the process of providing study contents.

CLIMATE CHANGE DYNAMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK PATHWAYS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-06T08:50:49+00:00

Climate change represents a systemic global environmental risk with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable coastal regions. This study examines the interaction between global climate drivers and localized anthropogenic stressors in Rivers State, Nigeria, a hydrocarbon-dependent and low-lying coastal region of the Niger Delta. Using a structured qualitative review approach, the study synthesizes peer-reviewed literature, institutional climate reports, and regional environmental assessments to analyze climate-induced impacts on water resources, soils, sediments, and air quality. The analysis distinguishes between primary climatic drivers (temperature rise, rainfall variability, sea-level rise, extreme weather events) and secondary anthropogenic pressures (gas flaring, illegal refining, oil spills, deforestation, urban expansion). Findings indicate that climate change functions as a risk multiplier, amplifying pre-existing environmental vulnerabilities through identifiable causal pathways including salinity intrusion, sediment remobilization, soil degradation, and atmospheric pollution intensification. The study contributes to sub-national climate risk scholarship by integrating global climate governance frameworks with context-specific adaptation strategies for Rivers State.

COMPETITIVE WAGES AND INFORMATION MANAGERS’ PERFORMANCE IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T11:13:38+00:00

The study determine the relationship between wages and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between compensation techniques and information managers’ performance in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes competitive wages to enhance the ability of information managers to circulate information effectively, relate interpersonally, and as well as manage records effectively. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

INDUSTRY-ACADEMY PARTNERSHIPS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE-READY MARKETERS: EVIDENCE FROM RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-06T12:20:40+00:00

The disconnect between academia and industry has led to a mismatch between the skills imparted by institutions and the needs of employers, resulting in a shortage of industry-ready marketers. IAP can bridge this gap by providing students with practical skills, internships, and mentorship opportunities, making them more employable and industry-ready. This study therefore investigates the influence of Industry-Academy Partnerships and the Development of Future-Ready Marketer in Rivers State.The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Three research questions were posed and three hypothesis were tested. The population of the study consist of marketing lecturers and final year marketing students comprising 80 and 172 respectively from the three universities offering marketing education in Rivers State. Respondents from the various institutions were surveyed through questionnaire administration. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha and a reliability coefficient of 0.89 was obtained. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics was done using z-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The findings from the analysis result reveal no significant difference in the mean rating of respondents on the influence of industry-academic partnership on the development of future-ready marketerinRivers State, Nigeria. It was concluded that by strengthening partnership in curriculum development, internship and placement, and resource sharing, institutions can equip marketing graduates with the necessary skills, knowledge, and competencies to meet industry needs.The study therefore recommends that Industry partners should be more involved in curriculum development and review to ensure marketing courses are relevant and aligned with industry needs.

STABILITY AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A SHIGELLA INFECTION EPIDEMIC MODEL AT DISEASE-FREE EQUILIBRIUM

2026-03-11T14:24:49+00:00

In this study, we modified continuous mathematical model for the dynamics of shigella outbreak at constant recruitment rate formulated by (Ojaswita et. al., 2014). In their model, they partitioned the population into Susceptible (S), Infected (I) and recovered (R) individuals. We incorporated a vaccinated class (V), educated class (G), exposed class (E), asymptomatic (A) hospitalized class (H) and Bacteria class (B) with their corresponding parameters. We analyzed a SVGEAIHRB compartmental nonlinear deterministic mathematical model of shigella epidemic in a community with constant population. Analytical studies were carried out on the model to: investigate the existence and uniqueness of solution of the model equations and explore the basic properties of the model equations (i.e. the positivity and boundedness of solutions of the model). The basic R0 reproductive number that governs the disease transmission is obtained from the largest eigenvalue of the next-generation matrix. The disease-free equilibrium points of the model is computed and proved to be locally and globally asymptotically stable if and unstable if . A sensitivity analysis of the epidemiological model of shigella epidemic is performed in order to determine which model parameters are the most important to disease transmission. Finally, we simulate the model system in MATLAB and obtained the graphical behavior of the variables in the R0  model

1 . From the simulation, we observed that the shigella infection was eradicated when

R0  while it persist in the environment when 1.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING INNOVATIVENESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF EATERIES IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-26T10:15:09+00:00

This study empirically examined the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness and organizational competitiveness of eateries in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design. The population of the study comprised fifty-two (52) registered eateries under the Rivers State Ministry of Commerce and Industry. A sample of ten (10) eateries was selected for the study. The unit of analysis consisted of six (6) managerial staff from each firm, including marketing, production, finance, human resources, sales, and general managers, resulting in a total of sixty (60) respondents. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising thirty-nine (39) items, which captured the dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness (product, brand, and packaging innovation) and measures
of organizational competitiveness (market share growth and customer retention). Out of the sixty(60) questionnaires distributed, forty-nine (49) were returned, and after data screening, forty-four (44) valid responses were retained for analysis, representing a 73% effective response rate. Data were analyzed using both univariate descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation) and bivariate inferential statistics, specifically simple regression analysis, withthe aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness significantly and positively influences organizational competitiveness, particularly in terms of market share growth and customer retention. This suggests that firms that adopt innovative marketing practices are better positioned to achieve superior competitive outcomes. The study concludes that entrepreneurial marketing innovativeness is a critical driver of competitiveness in the hospitality sector. It recommends that eateries should proactively adopt innovative marketing strategies, embrace new business models, and integrate innovation across their value delivery processes to enhance adaptability, improve market responsiveness, and sustain competitive advantage in both local and broader markets.

INFORMATION SHARING AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:10:13+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between information sharing and two measures of organisational innovativeness: product innovativeness and service innovativeness, in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored in Kanter's Structural Empowerment Theory and the Information Sharing Theory, the study adopted a positivist epistemological stance and a cross-sectional correlational survey design. The study population comprised twenty deposit money banks operating in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, with five managerial staff purposively selected from each institution, yielding a total sample of 100 respondents. Data were collected using a validated and reliable five-point Likert-scale structured questionnaire, and analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistic via SPSS Version 22.0. Results revealed that information sharing has a significant, positive, and moderate relationship with product innovativeness (r = .505, p = .000 < .05), and a significant, positive, but very weak relationship with service innovativeness (r = .106, p = .01 < .05). Both null hypotheses were rejected, confirming that information sharing significantly relates to both product and service innovativeness in Nigerian deposit money banks. The study concluded that robust information sharing practices among bank managers enhance the institution's capacity for product and service innovation. Recommendations include the institutionalisation of structured information dissemination systems, digital collaboration platforms, and knowledge management frameworks that facilitate real-time information flow among managerial staff in Nigerian deposit money banks.

ROUTE PLANNING STRATEGIES AND MARKET SHARE GROWTH OF MARITIME BUSINESS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-29T06:31:25+00:00

Our study on route planning strategies and market share growth of maritime business adopted the correlational research design. The population of the study comprised of thirty-six (36) registered maritime firms in Port Harcourt, and census approach was adopted. focused on operations, logistics, marketing, fleet, and strategic planning managers. Questionnaire was the major instrument for data collection, validated by two research experts in the Department of Marketing, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, with reliability index of 0.84 using Cronbach's alpha calculation method. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) copies of the questionnaire were administered respondents, and data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the various hypotheses formulated, with the aid statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 27. The study revealed that efficient cargo handling practices, can enhance operational performance, customer satisfaction, and partnership for maritime businesses, and lead time through efficient route planning can enhance competitiveness, customer relationships, and increased revenue for maritime businesses. The study concluded that route planning strategies has significant influence on market share growth of maritime businesses. That there is significant relationships between cargo handling and partnership, lead time and increased revenue, The results suggest that efficient cargo handling, reduced lead time, through strategic route planning enhancing operational performance, customer satisfaction, competitiveness, and business outcomes for maritime businesses. Consequently, the study strongly recommended that maritime businesses should prioritize efficient cargo handling, efficient lead time through strategic route planning and optimization. Maritime management should invest in technology and infrastructure to enhance cargo handling, optimize routes, and improve scheduling to boost competitiveness and business outcomes.

DIGITAL OFFICE PRACTICES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-23T17:24:20+00:00

The study empirically examined the relationship between digital office practices and information management effectiveness in tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Digital office practices were operationalised through two dimensions: electronic records management and digital communication systems. Information management effectiveness was assessed through information accessibility and information security. Anchored on Information Systems Theory and guided by a correlational survey design, data were obtained from 248 administrative officers and office management staff drawn from Rivers State University, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, using a structured questionnaire. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.78 to 0.84 for all subscales. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was employed to test four null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed significant positive relationships between electronic records management and information accessibility (r = 0.614, p < 0.05), electronic records management and information security (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), digital communication systems and information accessibility (r = 0.589, p < 0.05), and digital communication systems and information security (r = 0.541, p < 0.05). The study concluded that digital office practices significantly determine information management effectiveness in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. It was recommended, among others, that institutions invest in upgraded digital office infrastructure and staff capacity development programmes to sustain improvements in information accessibility and security.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COMPETENCES AND SECRETARIES JOB PERFORMANCE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-04-26T19:14:59+00:00

The study investigated investigate the relationship between Artificial Intelligence Competences and Secretaries Job Performance in Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State. Two objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A correlational research design was adopted in the study. The population for the study comprised of 305 secretaries in selected tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The entire population was used for the study, hence, there was no sampling. The instruments for the data collection were two self-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher titled “Questionnaire On Artificial Intelligence competencies of secretaries (QAICS)” and Questionnaire on Job Performance of Secretaries (QJPS). It has two sections. The first session contains the demographic data of the respondents while the second section contains item statements and response options. The response option was: Strongly Agreed (SA)-4, Agreed (A)-3, Disagreed (DA)-2, Strongly Disagreed (SDA)-1. The instruments were validated by three experts. Cronbach alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument and reliability coefficients of 0.84 and 0.81 was established. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to analyze the data collected in the study while t-transformation was used to test the hypotheses formulated in the study at 0.05 level of significance. Findings in the study shows that; AI document management competency, AI data processing competencies relates to job performance of secretaries in tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Based on these findings, conclusions and recommendations were made.

EFFECTS OF CONCEPT MAPPING ON PERFORMANCE AND MOTIVATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG UPPER BASIC II STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:33:16+00:00

This study examined the effects of concept mapping on academic performance and motivation in Social Studies among upper basic II students in Plateau state Nigeria. The study was guided by three (3) objectives, research questions and hypotheses are line with stated objectives. The study adopted Quasi-experimental and descriptive research design. The population of the study consisted of 21879 students from which 131 students were used as sample for the study. Purposive sampled sampling technique was used to select the school used for the study. Two instruments were used for data collection, that is, Social Studies Performance Test (SSPT) and Social Studies Motivation Questionnaire (SSMQ). Pilot test was conducted and .619 and .788 results were obtained. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while hypothesis one were tested using Paired sample t-test, hypothesis two were tested using independent sample t-test while three uses Wilcoxon statistics. The findings revealed among others that The post-test performance of students taught Social Studies using concept mapping strategy was higher than the pre-test performance in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). The performances of students taught Social Studies using concept mapping was better than and those taught using conventional method in Upper Basic II in Plateau State, Nigeria (P-value= .000). it was concluded that concept mapping enhanced students’ academic performance and motivation in Social Studies at the Upper Basic II level in Plateau State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that curriculum planners should encourage and accommodate the use of concept mapping at in all levels of education. Social Studies teachers should be encouraged to use student-entered approach. Government should organize workshop and seminars for teachers on the effectiveness of Concept Mapping.

21st Century Administration: The Office Information Management Nexus

2026-05-18T05:32:07+00:00

The twenty-first century has reconstituted the administrative office from a physical, paper-intensive setting into a dynamic nexus for the generation, processing, governance, and strategic deployment of information. This chapter examines the convergence of office administration and information management in contemporary organizational settings, with sustained attention to the Nigerian experience. Drawing on verified empirical studies conducted within the Nigerian academic and civil service contexts, the chapter engages critically with the contributions of scholars in administrative theory, records management, and information systems. The chapter advances the argument that sustainable administrative efficiency in the 21st century demands coherent alignment between information management strategy, technological infrastructure, and human capital development. The discussion surfaces the structural, institutional, and cultural impediments that have complicated this alignment within Nigeria, while identifying emerging opportunities offered by digital transformation. Implications for policy, professional practice, and tertiary education in Office and Information Management are articulated.

TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS OF LOCALLY MANUFACTURE GOODS IN ABIA STATE.

2026-05-19T22:11:05+00:00

The study examined the relationship Transportation management strategy and consumer purchase decisions of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. The study adopted correlational research design. The population of this study consisted of 79 locally manufacture goods in Abia State with 237 respondents. This study employed census sampling techniques to study the entire population because the population is not large. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. The data collected were presented and analyzed using percentage and frequency analysis, and mean. Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. The SPSS version 24 was used to perform the bivariate. The results are that fleet management has significant relationship with customer satisfaction of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. The study also found a significant relationship between Risk Management and customer satisfaction of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. Based on these findings, it was concluded that Transportation management strategies are significant predictors of consumer purchase decisions of locally manufacture goods in Abia State. Based on the conclusion, it was recommended that Firms should implement efficient fleet management strategies, including regular vehicle maintenance, driver training, and proper scheduling. This will reduce breakdowns, ensure timely delivery, and maintain product quality, all of which positively influence consumer satisfaction and repeat purchases; Manufacturers and logistics operators should invest in modern technologies such as GPS tracking systems, Transportation Management Systems (TMS), and real-time data platforms. These technologies will enhance route optimization, improve delivery coordination, and ensure transparency, which can boost consumer confidence and purchase decisions.

EMPLOYEE REDUCTION AND COMMITMENT IN FIVE STAR HOTELS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-26T22:58:35+00:00

The study examined the relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of organisational downsizing interact with employee commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Findings revealed that there is a relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. Also, there is a moderating role of organisational culture on the relationship between employee reduction and commitment in five star hotels in Rivers State. The study also concluded that employee reduction correlate with commitment, and it is being moderated by the organizational culture. The study recommended amongst others that management of five star hotels adopt and implement strategies that supports employee hard work in terms of task execution and reward them appropriately to boast their morale and commitment.

CLOUD-BASED RECOVERY STRATEGY AND ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-02-05T21:59:18+00:00

The study examined cloud-based recovery strategy and administrative efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. The objectives of the study was to examine the relationship between cloud-based recovery strategy and measures of administrative efficiency such as cost efficiency, optimized process and timeliness in commercial banks in Rivers State. The study was anchored on Technology Acceptance Model as its theoretical foundation. The study adopted explanatory cross-sectional survey research design. The accessible population of the study consisted of Three Hundred and Eight (308) administrative heads and supervisors of Twenty-Three (23) commercial banks’ headquarters operating in Rivers State. The sample size of the study was One Hundred and Seventy-Four (174) respondents. The above sample size was obtained using the Taro Yamene Formula. To address the differences in the distribution of the population across the commercial banks, Bowley’s (1960) Population Proportionate Allocation Formula was adopted and applied. Thus, the study adopted random sampling techniques. Structured questionnaire was used as the main instrument for the collection of primary data. Cronbach alpha via SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 24.0) was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. The Spearman Rank Order (Rho) was used for analysis. It was found that there is a significant positive relationship between cloud-based recovery strategy and administrative efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. It was concluded that, in a competitive and digitally driven banking environment, particularly within the operational realities of Rivers State, the adoption of cloud-based recovery is not merely a technological upgrade but a strategic imperative for sustaining efficiency, resilience, and long-term competitiveness. Consequently, the study recommended that management of commercial banks should fully integrate cloud-based recovery strategy systems with their core banking applications and operational workflows to ensure seamless data synchronization and eliminate manual redundancies.

EFFECTS OF BLENDED LEARNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SS 11 BIOLOGY STUDENTS IN OBIO-AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA’ OF RIVERS STATE

2026-02-08T22:54:39+00:00

Our study centered on Effects of Blended Learning on Academic Achievement of SS2 Biology Students. The study involved a pre-test post-test nonequivalent control group involving quasi-experimental design. Two objectives, two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. Two thousand one hundred SS2 Biology students from twenty public secondary schools in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area constituted the population of the study while the sample size comprised of two hundred SS2 Biology students drawn from two schools via purposive sampling. Intact class was used and the students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental groups were taught using blended learning, while the control groups were taught using the lecture method. Biology achievement test on genetics (BATG) was used. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study held that there is statistical significant improvement in students’ achievement in genetics after exposure to blended learning instruction. There is no statistically difference in the achievement of boys and girls when exposed to blended learning. Consequently, the study recommended that Biology teachers should use blended learning approaches in solving learning problems. .Government should organize workshop for teachers and students on the use of blended learning approach.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES AND MARITAL SATISFACTION AMONG YOUNG COUPLES IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-20T22:43:22+00:00

The study investigated the relationship between communication strategies (active listening, assertiveness, conflict resolution) and marital satisfaction among 200 young couples (ages 20-35) in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. Despite cultural emphasis on marital harmony, urban stressors and traditional gender roles often strain couple interactions. Employing a cross-sectional survey design, data from 200 young couples (stratified sampling) in Jos metropolis were analyzed via mean and standard deviation. Couples from different wards in Jos were targeted for this study. Structured questionnaire (Likert-scale items on communication strategies and marital satisfaction) was used to elicit information from the couples. The validity of the instrument was ensured alongside the reliability. Communication strategies/patterns commonly used by young couples in Jos metropolis were identified. Also, level of marital satisfaction among the young couples was discovered. The study provided insights for culturally tailored interventions, including skill-building workshops and community-based counseling, to strengthening marital bonds and family cohesion in Nigeria.

A COLLABORATIVE PLATFORM FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL NETWORKS

2026-03-03T14:11:25+00:00

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become very important tools for quality higher education and research, Countries and institutions recognize that academic and research networks are essential components of national infrastructures. For example, cases were made for (National Research and Educational Network) NRENs as “public goods”, because of their far-reaching implications on learning, teaching, research and many other scientific endeavors that have positive impact on economic growth and social development. The study purpose is aimed at the designing a frame work model as well as application for research and educational network that will enable researchers and students from various institute of higher learning to collaborate with each other.

National research and education networks (NRENs) play a critical role in the development of

communication network infrastructure and networked services for researchers and educators. In collaboration with other Researchers and Educational Network, the research will develop a roadmap for the development of NRENs in Nigerian university and region. This was based on the results of a literature review that was conducted to investigate whether the proposed framework model and application will improve collaboration between scholars and students of various universities in Nigeria. The research proposed a frame work model which was developed into an application. The application was tested and found to be of significant to the research and educational network in Nigeria Universities.

TAX INCENTIVES AND RETURN ON ASSET OF LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T10:25:30+00:00

The study examined tax incentives and Return on Assets of listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Among the specific objectives of the study, were to; identify the relationship between capital allowances and sales growth of listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria; An Ex-post-facto research strategy was used for this investigation. the population of the research includes of the twenty-one (21) listed consumer goods manufacturing companies on Nigerian Exchange Group record for the period of seven (7) years from 2018-2024, however, (13) companies were consistent in the listed. The simple techniques used was judgmental techniques. The statistical tool used in this study was the multiple linear regression models. The following were among the summary of the study findings from the analysis: CA showed negative and significant relationship with ROA; ITC indicated positive and significant relationship with ROA. The study concluded that tax incentives had a significant influence on the sales growth of the listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Thus, it was recommended that Conduct comprehensive tax planning: Manufacturing companies should engage in comprehensive tax planning to fully understand and leverage the available tax incentives and credits. This involves working closely with tax experts and understanding the specific tax laws and regulations applicable to their industry and region.

INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T11:43:30+00:00

This study examined the influence of parental socioeconomic status on students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Specifically, it investigated the effects of parental income, educational level, and occupational status on students’ academic outcomes. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study, targeting a population of 191,155 students across 311 senior secondary schools. A representative sample of 400 students was selected using a multi-stage sampling technique to ensure coverage across the senatorial districts. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and students’ academic records, with the instrument achieving a reliability index of 0.83. The hypotheses were tested using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine differences in academic performance across the categories of parental socioeconomic factors. The results revealed significant differences in students’ academic performance based on parental income (F(2, 397) = 12.45, p < 0.05), parental educational level (F(2, 397) = 15.78, p < 0.05), and parental occupational status (F(2, 397) = 9.02, p < 0.05). These findings indicate that higher parental socioeconomic status positively influences students’ academic outcomes, with children from families of higher income, education, and occupational standing achieving better results than their peers from lower-status backgrounds. The study concludes that parental socioeconomic factors are key determinants of academic success in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Based on the findings, it is recommended that government and school authorities implement programs that provide financial, educational, and social support for students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds to improve equity in academic performance.

VIRTUAL STORAGE AND INFORMATION MANAGER JOB PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T13:34:40+00:00

The study investigated the relationship between virtual storage and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the dimensions of virtual storage, such as Cloud storage and in-house virtualization, and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery. The study was strengthened using Diffusion of Innovation Theory. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and fifty-one (151) Heads of Departments (Information Managers) at the Port Harcourt head offices of twenty-three (23) Commercial Banks operating in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the census sampling method, which involved engaging the entire population of one hundred and fifty-one (151) information managers without sampling. Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. One hundred and fifty-one (151) copies of the questionnaire were administered and 132 copies were retrieved. The primary data obtained from the field were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in SPSS version 27.0 for the bivariate analysis. The result of the analyses showed that: there is a strong positive relationship between Cloud storage and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery; there is a strong positive relationship between in-house virtualization and information manager job performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, especially in terms of information accuracy and customer service delivery. The study concluded that virtual storage systems are not just supportive tools but strategic enablers of efficiency, reliability, and customer-centered performance in the modern banking sector. Thus, the study recommended amongst others that commercial banks in Rivers State should adopt secure and scalable cloud storage infrastructures that enable real-time data synchronization, allowing information managers to access, update, and retrieve accurate customer information swiftly, thereby improving decision-making and responsiveness to customer needs.

CHANGE IN INVESTMENTS ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED NIGERIA MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

2026-03-16T17:44:20+00:00

This seminar paper examined the relationship between changes in investment activities and financial performance of quoted Nigerian manufacturing companies. The study specifically investigated how the purchase and sale of long-term assets and investments in financial securities influenced the net profit margin of these firms. Guided by a positivist research philosophy, the study adopted an ex post facto research design, utilizing secondary data from published annual reports and financial statements of five selected firms representing five key manufacturing sectors over the period 2020 to 2024. The firms included Dangote Cement Plc, BUA Cement Plc, Nestlé Nigeria Plc, Nigerian Breweries Plc, and PZ Cussons Plc. Data were analyzed using multiple regression techniques, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and diagnostic tests to ensure robustness, while shareholders’ equity was considered as a moderating factor. Findings revealed that changes in the purchase and sale of long-term assets significantly enhanced profitability, and investments in financial securities also positively influenced net profit margins. Based on these findings, the study recommended that managers prioritize strategic acquisition of productive assets, complement these investments with prudent financial securities, maintain strong equity positions, and continuously monitor investment decisions to improve operational efficiency and sustainable financial performance.

MENTORING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-27T21:49:13+00:00

This study examined the relationship between mentoring and organizational performance measured by effectiveness and efficiency in government ministries in Rivers State, Nigeria. Anchored on Human Capital Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV), the study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The target population comprised 2,764 senior civil servants (Grade Level 08 and above) across 26 government ministries in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane's formula, a sample of 316 usable respondents was obtained. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. Results revealed that mentoring had a strong positive and statistically significant relationship with effectiveness (r = 0.696, p = 0.000) and a very strong positive relationship with efficiency (r = 0.779, p = 0.000). Both null hypotheses were rejected at p < 0.05. The study concluded that structured mentoring programs are critical drivers of organizational effectiveness and efficiency in public sector ministries. It recommended the institutionalization of formal mentoring schemes, integration of mentoring into performance management systems, and capacity building for mentors within government ministries.

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN DIGITALLY ENABLED OFFICES: EVALUATING ADMINISTRATIVE PRODUCTIVITY IN RIVERS STATE GOVERNMENT MDAS

2026-03-28T22:43:08+00:00

The digital transformation of administrative processes has become an indispensable priority for enhancing efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness in public institutions. This study empirically examined the relationship between digital office administration dimensioned through records automation and digital filing systems, and information management success, measured through information accessibility and data security, in selected government ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Adopting a correlational survey design, data were collected from 112 administrative and ICT personnel using a structured questionnaire. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to test four hypotheses. Results revealed significant and positive relationships between records automation and both information accessibility (r = 0.652) and data security (r = 0.590). Similarly, digital filing systems were significantly correlated with information accessibility (r = 0.670) and data security (r = 0.703). These findings underscore the pivotal role of digital systems in improving the management of institutional information. The study concludes that strategic investment in digital office technologies and personnel training are essential steps toward securing administrative data and enhancing service delivery. Implications for administrative modernization, digital policy enforcement, and institutional capacity building are discussed.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADOPTION AND HIRING EFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-08T22:00:23+00:00

This study investigated the impact of Artificial Intelligence Adoption (AI) and Hiring Efficiency of commercial banks in Rivers state in commercial banks, Nigeria. This study adopts a correlational survey research design to examine the relationships between the use of Artificial Intelligence Adoption (specifically resume screening AI and chatbots/virtual assistants) and Hiring Efficiency outcomes Quality-of-Hire Efficiency and Retention Rate Efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. The population consists of all Human Resource (HR) management personnel in commercial banks operating within Rivers State. Specifically, it includes one recruitment officer, HR manager and her assistant. According to industry reports, there are approximately 23 commercial banks with an estimated total of 69 human resource management personnel. Utilizing a quantitative correlational research design, data were collected from 60 respondents across selected banks and analyzed using Pearson correlation. Findings revealed a statistically significant and moderately strong positive relationship between Resume Screening AI and Retention Rate Efficiency (r = 0.607,
p < 0.01). Furthermore, Chatbots/Virtual Assistants AI showed a strong positive correlation with both Quality-of-Hire Efficiency (r = 0.812, p < 0.01) and Retention Rate Efficiency (r = 0.727, p <0.01). These results indicate that AI technologies are becoming critical tools in enhancing HR functions and operational efficiency in the banking sector. The study concludes that Artificial Intelligence Adoption applications, particularly Resume Screening tools and Chatbots/Virtual Assistants, have a significant and positive impact on HR efficiency in commercial banks in Rivers State. The study recommended among others that Commercial banks should invest in and
implement AI-driven resume screening systems to enhance the efficiency and objectivity of the recruitment process, thereby improving employee retention outcomes.

PROCUREMENT BENCH MARKETING AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MARITIME COMPANIES IN PORT HARCOURT.

2026-04-26T18:35:16+00:00

This study examined the relationship between Procurement Benchmarketing and Supply Chain Performance of Maritime Companies in Port Harcourt. Specifically, the study investigated the relationships between peer comparison, process standardization, and supply chain performance. Anchored on the Resource-Based View. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of this study comprised of 20 maritime companies in Rivers State. The sample size of the study is 20. To generate data for the study, a total of one hundred (100) managers were selected on the basis of five managers per firm were used as the study subjects. The hypothesis were analyzed with the use of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation was supplemented with aid of SPSS version 21.0 The results revealed that procurement benchmarketing strongly related with supply chain performance, peer comparison significantly relate with risk integration, similarly, process The study concluded that procurement benchmarketing is a vital strategic enabler for strengthening maritime logistics systems and ensuring sustained competitive advantage in Port Harcourt it recommended that maritime companies institutionalize peer comparison systems, adopt holistic cost evaluation techniques and implement standardized procurement processes to strengthen supply chain performance.

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAXES AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2026-04-26T19:47:31+00:00

The study determined the relationship between federal government taxes and infrastructural development in Nigeria. The study employed ex-post facto research design. The population of this study was the entire Nigerian economy where the elements of the data used for this research were extracted. Using judgmental sampling technique, a sample of 33 years’ period were used. However, relevant data for the study were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins and Federal Inland Revenue Services Bulletins. Regression analysis technique was used to measure the effects of the predictor variables on the criterion variables. The regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between health infrastructure (HI) and petroleum profit tax (PPT), company income tax (CIT), and value added tax (VAT). The results also showed that the independent variables (PPT, CIT, and VAT) did not significantly explain the variation in Transport Infrastructure. The results also showed that PPT is a statistically significant and positive predictor of PI, while VAT may have a marginally significant negative effect. The results finally suggest that government policy significantly influences federal taxes and ID, explaining a significant portion of the variance. The investigator thus concluded that there is a significant relationship between federal government taxes and infrastructural development in Nigeria. Consequently, the researcher suggested that policymakers and authorities should allocate a portion of PPT revenue towards health infrastructure projects, enhancing healthcare facilities, equipment, and services, ultimately enhancing population well-being. Further research should explore additional factors like public funding, private investments, regional demographics, and policy measures to better understand the impact of transport infrastructure development. Policymakers should create incentives for petroleum industry companies to invest in power infrastructure projects, as PPT is a significant predictor of PI, improving regional power supply and distribution. Government policymakers should consider the impact of federal taxes and infrastructural development on economic development, as targeted policies can promote growth, increase revenue, and stimulate infrastructure.

STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN THE 21TS CENTURY: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN ORGANISATIONAL VISION AND WORKFORCE REALITY

2026-05-07T06:06:43+00:00

Human resource planning (HRP) has evolved from a largely administrative function into a strategic imperative central to organisational survival and competitive advantage. This opinion paper argues that contemporary organisations must adopt an integrated, forward-looking approach to HRP—one that aligns workforce capacity with long-term business strategy, embraces digital transformation, and proactively addresses workforce diversity and inclusion. Drawing on existing literature and current HR trends, this paper contends that organisations that neglect systematic workforce planning face significant talent deficits, productivity losses, and strategic misalignment. The paper further advocates for the recalibration of HRP frameworks to account for disruptive technologies, remote work paradigms, and the evolving expectations of a multigenerational workforce. Organisations that invest in data-driven, agile, and people-centred workforce planning will be better positioned to navigate uncertainty and achieve sustained performance outcomes.

RE-DISCUSSING THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF AUTOMOBILE PRODUTS IN NIGERIA

2026-05-19T06:31:12+00:00

This study re-discussed information communication technology and marketing of auto mobile product in Nigeria. The sampling object used for this research comprises of the dealers of automobile products and gadgets in Onitsha, Anambra State. This study was done in respect of measures of information communication technology; mobile application, artificial intelligence, and internet (independent variables), on marketing performance (dependent variable) and responses from the respondents were collected with the aid of five (5) point likert scale questionnaire. This study adopted descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study because the researcher collected primary data from respondents using questionnaire to collect primary data. The questionnaire was coded with the aid of excel spread sheet, the respondents profile was analyzed with manual simple percentage, the research questions was analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics which comprises of the minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation. The hypotheses of the study were tested using the multiple regression statistical tools with the aid of SPSS version 24.0 as the basis of testing hypotheses. The findings revealed that there is significant effect between information communication technology; mobile application, artificial intelligence, and internet and marketing of automobile products in Nigeria. The study recommended that firms could devise ways and means to deploy and sustainably apply artificial intelligence systems, which can improve the operations and processes of their firms. The use of these systems and programs improves operational efficiency and quality of service delivery, which has a positive impact on the overall performance of the company.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING REIMAGINED: THE GEN Z REVOLUTION

2026-01-26T21:27:44+00:00

This study explores the impact of Gen Z on entrepreneurial marketing, examining how their unique values, behaviors, and preferences are redefining marketing strategies. Investigate Gen Z's influence on entrepreneurial marketing practices. Identify key marketing strategies that resonate with Gen Z entrepreneurs. Examine the role of digital technologies in shaping Gen Z's entrepreneurial marketing approaches. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys, interviews, and social media analysis to gather insights from Gen Z entrepreneurs and marketing professionals. The study reveals that Gen Z entrepreneurs prioritize authenticity, sustainability, and social responsibility in their marketing strategies, leveraging digital technologies to create engaging, interactive experiences. This research contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial marketing, providing new insights into Gen Z's impact on marketing practices and highlighting opportunities for innovation and growth. The findings have significant implications for businesses seeking to connect with Gen Z entrepreneurs and consumers, emphasizing the need for authentic, socially responsible, and digitally savvy marketing strategies. Develop marketing strategies that prioritize authenticity, sustainability, and social responsibility. Leverage digital technologies to create engaging, interactive experiences that resonate with Gen Z. Foster a culture of innovation and experimentation in entrepreneurial marketing practices

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN ECONOMICS UNDER FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT WITH FEEDBACK IN JOS – SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF PLATEAU STATE

2026-01-28T10:14:05+00:00

Gender-related differences in students’ interest and engagement in Economics have remained a persistent concern within secondary school education, particularly in contexts where instructional practices are predominantly teacher-centred and examination-driven. This study examined whether formative assessment with feedback (FAF) differentially influences male and female secondary school students’ interest in Economics. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was employed, focusing on an experimental group exposed to FAF over a twelve-week instructional period. The sample comprised 47 Senior Secondary School II (SS II) students (28 males and 19 females) drawn from a co-educational secondary school in Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Data were collected using the Economics Interest Scale (EIS), a validated 20-item Likert-type instrument, and analysed using mean, standard deviation, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at the 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed substantial gains in interest for both male and female students following exposure to formative assessment with feedback. Although male students recorded marginally higher posttest interest mean scores, the observed difference was not statistically significant (F(1,51) =56.181, p > 0.05, η² = 0.524). The findings indicate that formative assessment with feedback is gender-neutral in its effectiveness and supports equitable interest development in Economics education. The study concludes that feedback-oriented formative assessment practices can mitigate perceived gender disparities in Economics classrooms and recommends their systematic integration into secondary school instructional practices.

ATTITUDE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS TOWARDS SOCIAL STUDIES PROGRAMME IN EASTERN PARTS OF NIGERIA

2026-02-08T21:28:09+00:00

Attitude remains a critical factor in promoting meaningful acceptance and education of children with special needs in Nigerian. It is in the light of this that this study investigated into the attitude of educational administrators who are involved in the implementation of Social Studies programme in Eastern parts of Nigeria. A survey research design was used for the study. Available sample of 86 educational administrators participated in this study. A validated instrument title “Administrators Attitude Scale (AAS)”s with reliability coefficient of r=0.08 was used to collect the data. The results show that the educational administrators had a positive attitude towards Social Studies programme in Eastern parts of Nigeria. Secondly, gender of the administrators did not have a significant difference on their attitude towards Social Studies programme. Despite the results, recommendations were made to improved and sustain the attitude of educational administrators towards Social Studies in Eastern parts of Nigeria. These include the need for regular workshops and conferences on special needs education for these administrators, paying of special allowances as an incentive to encourage the officers who visit schools/centers for special needs children regularly. This would help them to monitor the progress and problems facing the education of the Special needs Children.

UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS PERCEPTION ON THE PROBLEMS INHIBITING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-08T23:48:22+00:00

This study investigated problems inhibiting human resource management in administration of
Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. One research question and a corresponding hypothesis guided
the study. The population consisted of two universities, eleven principal officers and 201
administrative officers (six principal officers and 145 administrative officers from the University of
Port Harcourt (Uniport) and five principal officers and 56 administrative officers from Rivers State
University of Science and Technology (RSUST) totalling 212 participants). A sample of 200
participants (II principal officers and 189 administrative officers) were selected through stratified
random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire
containing nine items validated and with reliability index of 0.85. The data collected from 190
respondents (10 principal officers and 180 administrative officers) were decoded into statistical
package for social science (SPSS) version, 2.0. The research question was answered with
percentages while the t-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 significance level. The
findings revealed among others that inadequate staff and lack of facilities to work with are the main
problems inhibiting management of human resource in the universities in Rivers State. It was
concluded that inadequacies in the universities’ needs are the commonest problems inhibiting
effective management of human resource in the administration of Universities in Rivers State. Based
on the findings and conclusion of this study, it was recommended that Government should live up
to its expectations in provision of staff and facilities to end the present problems in the management
of human resource in the Universities in Rivers State.

E-OPINION AND DINING DECISIONS: A STUDY OF ONLINE REVIEW IMPACT ON FOOD AND BEVERAGE ESTABLISHMENT IN P.H METROPOLIS

2026-02-21T20:53:21+00:00

A descriptive and correlational research design is adopted for this study, aimed at investigating the impact of online reviews on food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt. The population comprises of 2,500 registered food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt, obtained from the Port Harcourt Chamber of Commerce and the Rivers State Ministry of Commerce and Industry. These establishments include restaurants, cafes, bars, and other food service providers. A sample size of 385 is determined using the Yamane (1967) formula. An impressive response rate of 96% representing 368 usable copies of questionnaire was obtained and formed the bases for analysis. A stratified random sampling technique is employed to select respondents from different categories of food and beverage establishments, ensuring representation from various sectors of the industry. Validity is ensured through expert review and pilot testing of the questionnaire. The data instruments were validated using Cronbach alpha’s test, whereupon all variables surpassed the benchmark 0.7, indicating high internal consistency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics (regression analysis and ANOVA). The questionnaire were administered to managers of food and beverage establishments. The results of test of hypotheses show that online review has a significant impact on the surveyed F&B Establishment performance. Thus, the study concluded online reviews significantly impact food and beverage establishments in Port Harcourt, influencing their visibility, brand reputation, and competitive advantage and recommends that F&B establishments should prioritize online review management, responding promptly to reviews and encouraging satisfied customers to share their experiences.

RURAL LAND USE ON AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN IKWERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

2026-03-06T08:35:04+00:00

Abstract Rural land use plays a critical role in shaping agricultural productivity, environmental sustainability, and community livelihoods. In Ikwere Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, rapid urbanization and land-use changes have raised concerns about their effects on agriculture. This study examines the impact of rural land use on agricultural activities in Ikwere LGA between 2010 and 2023, focusing on the patterns of land use and their socio-economic drivers. The study employed satellite imagery processed using ArcGIS software, which classified the region into five land cover types: natural vegetation, agricultural land, built-up areas, bare land, and water bodies. The Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) algorithm was used to track land use changes over the years. Additionally, a survey of 389 residents provided insights into the socio-economic factors influencing land use decisions. Findings revealed significant shifts in land use between 2010 and 2023, primarily driven by urbanization. In 2010, Ikwere LGA was largely covered by dense vegetation (597.7 km²), with built-up areas occupying only 47.2 km². However, by 2023, built-up areas had expanded to 80.5 km², while dense vegetation drastically declined to 418.4 km². The increase in bare soil from 94.1 km² in 2020 to 110.7 km² in 2023 suggests growing land degradation, potentially leading to soil erosion and biodiversity loss. Urbanization, spurred by population growth, industrialization, and rising land demand for housing and infrastructure, was identified as the primary factor behind these changes. Economic development, coupled with rising land prices and government policies that prioritize urban expansion over agriculture, further reduced the availability of agricultural land. Cultural practices, such as land inheritance and communal ownership, also influenced land use decisions. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable land use planning in Ikwere LGA to mitigate the adverse effects of urban expansion on agricultural productivity and environmental health. Without intervention, continued deforestation and land degradation could undermine food security and the livelihoods of rural communities. In conclusion, this research highlights the critical link between rural land use and agricultural sustainability, urging policymakers to balance urban development with the preservation of agricultural and natural landscapes.

INCENTIVE AND INTERPERSONAL RELATION IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-03-06T11:06:35+00:00

The study determines the relationship between incentive and interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. Ten research objectives, ten research questions and ten hypotheses guided the study. This study is built on two theories: Social Exchange Theory and Force-Field Theory of Change. The cross-sectional explanatory survey research design was used in this study. The population of this study consisted of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State. The entire population of one hundred and fifty-five (155) information managers from thirty-seven (37) active construction firms in Rivers State were used as the study sample. Hence, the study is census research method. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection after ascertaining its reliability through the employment of Cronbach Alpha. A total of 155 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the target respondents through the help of two research assistants. Effort was made and 147 copies were successfully retrieved. mean and standard deviation were used for the univariate analysis while the bivariate analysis was done using Spearman rank order correlation in SPSS Version 22.0. Multivariate analysis was done using Partial Correlation. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between incentive and interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that it takes incentive to enhance the ability of interpersonal relation in construction firms in Rivers State. The study recommended amongst others that construction firms in Rivers State should establish a competitive wage structure that recognizes and rewards information managers' contributions, thereby encouraging them and other employees to step up their performances every now and then.

SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF SUPER MARKETS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-06T12:13:00+00:00

This paper empirically examined service quality delivery and marketing performance of supermarkets in Port Harcourt. The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent service quality delivery enhance marketing performance of supermarkets in Port Harcourt in order to meet customer needs and wants at profit. The paper adopts the documentary and survey methods. The statistical tool adopted for this paper is the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient with the aid of statistical package for social sciences. The findings of the study show that service quality delivery is strongly related to marketing performance of supermarkets The paper recommends among others that supermarket operators: to embrace modern marketing concept activities; customer relation/services should be stepped up to measure up to those offered by competitors; and that regular publicity and adverts should be organized to promote the image of supermarkets.

AN EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ENSEMBLE FRAMEWORK FOR ROBUST CARCINOMA IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

2026-03-11T12:45:50+00:00

This study proposes an explainable ensemble deep learning framework for carcinoma image classification using five pretrained convolutional neural network architectures: ResNet50, DenseNet201, MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB0, and Xception. The models were fine-tuned using the HAM10000 dermoscopic image dataset and integrated through a soft voting ensemble strategy to enhance classification robustness. An additional 'Unknown' class was introduced to allow the system handle non‑skin or irrelevant images in real-world deployment. Experimental evaluation shows that the best performing model (Xception) achieved 89% accuracy, 88% precision, 86% recall, and 87% F1‑score. To improve interpretability, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques including Grad‑CAM, SHAP, LIME, Saliency Maps, and Integrated Gradients were applied to highlight regions influencing model predictions. The results demonstrate that integrating ensemble learning with explainable AI improves diagnostic transparency and reliability, making the approach suitable for clinical decision-support systems.

EFFECT OF DIGITAL LEARNING TOOLS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), OMOKU

2026-03-25T13:01:41+00:00

This study examined the effect of digital learning tools on the academic performance of Business Education students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were used to address the specific objectives. A correlational research design was adopted. The population of the study comprised 575 Business Education undergraduate students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, from which a sample size of 236 was developed using Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Digital Learning Tools and Academic Performance Questionnaire (DLTAPQ). The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha method. 212 copies of the instruments were filled out and returned correctly. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Findings revealed that virtual classrooms have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance of Business Education students. Educational software was also found to have a moderate positive and significant relationship with academic performance. The study concludes that digital learning tools play a crucial role in enhancing teaching and learning of Business Education. It was recommended among others that institutional management provide adequate digital infrastructure to improve students’ academic performance.

CHATBOTS AND VIRTUAL ASSISTANCE AS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVES AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY: EVIDENCE FROM CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2026-03-28T21:54:28+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between chatbots and virtual assistance (CVA), as an Artificial Intelligence (AI) initiative, and employee productivity measured by efficiency and team dynamics in construction firms in South-South Nigeria. Premised on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Social Exchange Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the study adopted an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. A structured questionnaire was administered to 152 valid respondents drawn from 18 purposively selected building, engineering, and road construction firms across the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Data were analysed using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. Results revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between chatbots and virtual assistance and efficiency (r = 0.674, p < 0.05) and between chatbots and virtual assistance and team dynamics (r = 0.732, p < 0.05). Both null hypotheses were rejected. The findings suggest that conversational AI tools substantially enhance operational efficiency and strengthen collaborative dynamics among construction employees. The study recommends the strategic deployment of chatbot and virtual assistant technologies customised to construction-specific workflows, complemented by structured digital literacy programmes and clear AI governance policies.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT NEEDS OF ADULT EDUCATORS IN THE FIFTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

2026-03-29T06:22:04+00:00

The fifth industrial revolution (5IR) is gradually transforming the mode and process of adult education; therefore, adult educators are required to upskill necessary capacities and competencies to remain very relevant in this era. This study was conducted to investigate the professional development needs of adult educators in the fifth industrial revolution in Rivers state through a mixed-method approach, A survey was conducted on eighty (80) adult educators in the formal and non-formal sectors and in-depth interviews carried out on 6 key informants. The results revealed the existing gaps among adult educators. The study also, disclosed the need to integrate evolving technological trends to facilitate adult learning process. Based on this reason, this study highlighted the needs for collaboration, critical thinking and emotional intelligence to facilitate knowledge and skills that support the process of navigating the complexities in the pedagogical process. Finally, inference was drawn based on the findings of the study and recommendations made for the improvement of adult educator professional skills.

REMOTE SENSING AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOGRAPHY IN NIGERIA: RELEVANCE, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2026-04-16T17:55:29+00:00

This study examines the relevance, challenges, and prospects of remote sensing in environmental geography in Nigeria. Remote sensing has become an important tool for observing and analyzing environmental conditions without direct contact, while environmental geography provides a framework for understanding the interaction between human activities and the physical environment. The study reveals the usefulness of remote sensing in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, agriculture, and climate change studies across different parts of Nigeria, it also reveals challenges affecting its effective use, including high cost of technology, shortage of skilled personnel, poor data accessibility, inadequate funding, weak institutional coordination, and infrastructure limitations such as unreliable power supply and internet access. the study observes positive prospects such as technological advancement, increasing availability of satellite data, growing interest from government and private sector actors, expansion of training opportunities, and integration with Geographic Information Systems and artificial intelligence. The study concludes that remote sensing is highly valuable for environmental management in Nigeria and recommends increased funding, improved training, better data access policies, and stronger collaboration among stakeholders to enhance its effective application for sustainable development.

DIGITAL LITERACY AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES OF ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T19:05:08+00:00

This study investigated digital literacy and information management competencies of administrative personnel in public universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) propounded by Davis (1989) and the Information Literacy Theory articulated by Zurkowski (1974). Two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population comprised 1,247 administrative staff drawn from the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State University, and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. A sample of 303 respondents was selected using Taro Yamane's (1967) formula and stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled the “Digital Literacy and Information Management Competencies Questionnaire (DLIMCQ),” which was validated by three experts and yielded a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.87. Data were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and simple linear regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that digital literacy competencies significantly predicted records management efficiency (R = .612, p < .05) and knowledge organisation performance (R = .581, p < .05) of administrative personnel in the studied institutions. The study concluded that digital literacy is a critical determinant of information management performance among administrative personnel in Nigerian public universities. It was recommended that university administrations should invest in periodic digital literacy training programmes and establish functional digital information management systems to enhance administrative productivity.

COMPETITIVE AGGRESSIVENESS AND VENTURE EXPANSION OF TELECOMMUNICATION IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:18:58+00:00

This study examined the relationship between competitive aggressiveness and venture expansion of telecommunication firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Competitive aggressiveness was conceptualised through two dimensions: competitive action intensity and competitive threat responsiveness, while venture expansion was measured using subscriber growth rate and service portfolio growth. The study addressed two research questions and tested two corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was employed, with a population comprising four major telecommunications operators (MTN, Airtel, Globacom, and 9mobile). Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 92 top and middle management staff involved in strategic and competitive decision-making. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between competitive action intensity and subscriber growth rate (r = .691, p < .01), and between competitive threat responsiveness and service portfolio growth (r = .678, p < .01). The study concludes that competitive aggressiveness is a critical driver of venture expansion in the telecommunications sector. It is recommended that firms enhance competitive action intensity through frequent and bold market initiatives to increase subscriber growth, while improving competitive threat responsiveness by closely monitoring competitors and responding promptly to new market developments to expand service portfolios.

ATTITUDE OF BIOLOGY TEACHERS TOWARD IMPROVISATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ETCHE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-10T12:48:06+00:00

The study examined the attitude of Biology teachers toward improvisation of instructional materials in secondary schools in Etche Local Government Area. Four research questions guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was the entire 25 Biology teachers from 22 public schools in Etche Local Government Area. Due to manageable size of the group, census (total was adopted at the sample size (25). The instrument for data collection was questionnaire titled Attitude of Biology Teachers toward Improvisation of Instructional Materials Questionnaire (ABTTIIMQ). Reliability co-efficient of 0.74 was obtained using Cronbach’s Alpha. Research questions were answered with mean and standard deviation. The findings showed that Biology teachers have negative attitude towards improvisation of instructional materials, they do not utilize improvised instructional materials, and it was also revealed that there are numerous benefits of using improvised instructional material in teaching and learning Biology, the findings also showed that there are problems faced by Biology teachers toward improvisation of instructional materials in teaching and learning of Biology in secondary schools. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that teachers should develop the right attitude toward the improvisation of instructional materials and not overlook its importance in Biology teaching and learning process.

SECURITY MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS, 1999–2023

2026-05-19T21:47:49+00:00

This study examined the effect of security management and business process re-engineering on economic development in Nigeria using time-series data covering the period 1999 to 2023. The persistent challenges of insecurity and operational inefficiencies in Nigeria have raised concerns about their implications for sustainable economic growth, necessitating empirical investigation. The study adopted a quantitative research design and employed secondary data sourced from the World Bank, National Bureau of Statistics, and Central Bank of Nigeria. Economic development was measured using GDP growth rate and per capita GDP, while security management was proxied by a composite security management index and business process re-engineering by efficiency and productivity indicators. Inflation rate, foreign direct investment, and government expenditure were included as control variables. Data analysis was conducted using E-Views, applying unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, and error correction mechanism. The unit root results revealed a mixture of I(0) and I(1) variables, justifying the use of the ARDL approach. The cointegration test confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The long-run results indicated that security management and business process re-engineering exert positive and statistically significant effects on economic development, while inflation had a negative effect. Foreign direct investment and government expenditure were found to positively influence economic growth. The error correction term was negative and significant, indicating a strong adjustment mechanism toward long-run equilibrium. In the short run, improvements in security management and business process efficiency also positively affected economic growth. The study concludes that effective security management and efficient business process re-engineering are critical drivers of economic development in Nigeria. It recommends integrated policy interventions that strengthen security institutions, promote organizational efficiency, and ensure macroeconomic stability to achieve sustainable economic growth.

BUSINESS OBJECTIVES AND SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AMONG PLASTIC MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE

2026-01-26T22:40:46+00:00

This study examined the relationship between business objectives and sustainable competitive advantage among plastic manufacturing firms in Rivers State. Objectives of the study were to examine how dimensions of business objectives such as strategic objectives and operational objectives relate with sustainable competitive advantage in terms of cost leadership and product differentiation. Using a correlational research design, data were collected from 39 respondents across 13 plastic manufacturing firms using structured questionnaires. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire designed in four point likert rating scale. In the course of administering the questionnaires, the researcher was able to retrieve 35 copies. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) was used for the test of hypotheses via SPSS Version 25.0. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between business objectives and sustainable competitive advantage among plastic manufacturing firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that business objectives enhance sustainable competitive advantage. Among others, the study recommends that plastic manufacturing firms should regularly conduct thorough market research to identify cost-saving opportunities and emerging customer preferences as such would enable them set clear goals focused on achieving cost leadership through efficiency.

THE CREATION OF A CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS) FOR THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC DAMATURU FARMLAND, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

2026-02-05T09:04:12+00:00

Persistent challenges in spatial land governance within institutional settings necessitate integrated geospatial solutions. This study details the creation, implementation, and validation of a digital Cadastral Information System (CIS) for the Federal Polytechnic Damaturu (FEDPODAM) farmland to address lingering land administration inefficiencies. Employing an integrated geospatial methodology, it utilized high-resolution satellite imagery and conducted cadastral surveys using Global Positioning System. Spatial data for 115 leasehold parcels were integrated with socio-tenurial attributes within an ArcGIS 10.5 geodatabase. The system facilitates core geospatial functions including spatial query, parcel identification, and automated cartographic output. Primary deliverables include a georeferenced base map, a spatially accurate digital parcel layer, a relational geodatabase, and an interactive query interface. Validation confirmed high spatial fidelity with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.12 meters for parcel coordinates and 98.5% attribute consistency. The implemented CIS successfully transitions land records from an analogue, spatially ambiguous system to a precise, transparent digital framework, effectively resolving boundary conflicts and establishing a foundation for sustainable land-use planning. This model, built on accessible geospatial technology and a clear methodological workflow, presents strong potential as a replicable and practically feasible solution for institutional land administration in similar developing contexts, thereby contributing to spatially informed sustainable development.

CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES STUDENTS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN URUE OFFONG ORUKO LGA

2026-02-08T22:42:56+00:00

Despite the importance of Social Studies in fostering civic competence, social awareness, and responsible citizenship among Junior Secondary School students, academic achievement in the subject has continued to decline in many public secondary schools. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of cooperative learning strategy and academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The research question and hypothesis were formulated in line with the research objective. Methodologically, cross-sectional survey research design was adopted in the study. Related literature aimed at enriching the conceptual framework were reviewed. The population of the study was 1002 junior secondary school student in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State and a sample size of 277 were determined using Krejcies and Morgan Formula. The collected data were further analyzed using simple percentage and Simple Linear Regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that the two independent variables (interdependence and individual accountability, were significantly relates with the academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. it was concluded that positive interdependence, and individual accountability, are relational dimensions that can influence the academic achievement of social studies students in Junior Secondary School in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. It was recommended that Social Studies teachers in Junior Secondary Schools in Urue Offong Oruko Local Government Area should deliberately adopt cooperative learning strategies that promote positive interdependence. Teachers should design learning activities where students depend on one another to achieve shared academic goals, such as group projects, joint problem-solving tasks, and collaborative discussions

ASSESSMENT OF DESIGN CRITERIA FOR REINVENTION OF FABRIC WASTE TO PRODUCE CHILDRENS CLOTHING ARTICLES BY CLOTHING ENTREPRENEURS IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

2026-02-19T04:48:33+00:00

This study explores design criterion for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurs in kano state Nigeria. Objectively, the study identified design criteria required for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles, the types and characteristics of fabric waste to be reinvented to produce children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurship in Kano State. A survey design was used for the study. Population was 15,824 made up of 600 registered clothing entrepreneurs and 15,269 mothers that registered for post-natal and pediatric care in federal, state government and private hospitals in Kano State. Multi-stage sampling technique and purposive sampling was used to select a sample size of 612 respondents, comprising of 378 mothers and 234 clothing entrepreneurs. Questionnaire titled “Assessment of Design Criteria for Reinvention of Fabric Waste to produce Children’s Clothing Article Instrument for Mothers and Clothing Entrepreneurs (DCRFWPCCAIMCE)" was used for data collection. Internal consistency of instrument was determined using Cronbach alpha which yielded 0.82 for design criteria and 0.89 for fabric characteristics. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.
Result of the Findings revealed sixteen design criteria identified for reinvention of fabric waste to produce children’s clothing articles. These include: children’s clothing articles being comfortabl (4.00± 0.00; 4.00±0.00); safe for the wearer (3.93±0.98; (3.93± 0.98) for mothers and clothing entrepreneurs respectively among others. 41characteristics of fabric waste were identified for the production of children’s clothing articles by clothing entrepreneurship. These include: cotton fabric waste (3.75± 0.94;3.53± 0.88); bright color fabrics (3.50±0.88;3.26± 0.82,) light fabric waste (3.90± 0.98;3.73± 0.93) among others. The study recommended that clothing entrepreneurs and mothers should reinvent fabric waste to produce a lot of useful children’s clothing articles and other clothing accessories that require small pieces of fabrics to produce.

THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN YENAGOA CITY, BAYELSA STATE

2026-02-24T09:39:14+00:00

In various industries, especially management, effective human resource management is crucial for total organisational performance, which is usually driven by the dedication and commitment of the workforce. It is questionable whether human resource practices, such as compensation and organisational citizenship behaviours, influence employee attitudes at construction companies in Yenagoa City, Bayelsa State. This study investigated the correlation between human resources practices and employee attitudes, including organisational citizenship behaviour. To achieve this objective, the researcher employed a survey design, and relevant primary data were collected using a standardised instrument tailored to the study's requirements. The study's participants were 304 construction
workers from a total sample of 319 drawn from six construction firms in Bayelsa State. The generated data was analysed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and charts) and inferential statistical techniques. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) was used to assess the hypotheses for the investigation at a significance threshold of 0.05. The findings demonstrated that at the 95% confidence level, all examined associations had positive correlations with p-values below 0.05. Based on these findings, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. This decision led to the conclusion that a statistically significant correlation exists between human resource management practices and employee attitudes in the construction companies in Yenagoa city, Bayelsa State. The researcher recommended that construction firm managers prioritise the training and development of their staff through appropriate compensation and recognition since these elements will promote positive employee and organisational citizenship behaviours and engagement.

LONG TERM DEBTAND RETURN ON EQUITY OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T10:11:20+00:00

INTERNAL AUDIT PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF LISTED CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2026-03-06T11:36:04+00:00

This study investigated the relationship the relationship between internal audit practices and financial reporting quality of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The research design used in this study was descriptive survey. The targeted population of this study consists of all the twenty-one (21) listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) with a respondent total of two hundred and ninety (290). The sample size of the study consists of ten (10) listed consumer goods manufacturing firms that have branches that are located in Rivers State on the basis of purposive sampling technique adoption. The study employed primary data source of questionnaires which was administer to the respondents and two hundred and thirty-one (251) representing a response rate of 86.6% was used as new respondents sample size for the study. The study used content validity and the instrument was given to my supervisor and two other accounting lecturers in the department, they read through and made necessary corrections. The Cronbach alpha reliability test was used to determine the statistical reliability of the instrument. The researcher employed descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and spearman rank correlation order in data analysis. Findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between internal controls and timeliness and there is a significant relationship between audit risk management and relevance of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Based on the summary of findings, this study generally concluded that, internal audit practices positive and significant relationship with financial reporting quality of listed consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that consumer goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria should adopt the effective use of internal control since it has positive influence toward increase in financial reporting quality.

INTEGRATING AI TOOLS IN MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM QUALITY ASSURANCE IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN OBIO/AKPOR LGA

2026-03-06T13:20:14+00:00

This study examined the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools into mathematics curriculum quality assurance in public senior secondary schools within Obio/Akpor Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and employed a descriptive survey design involving all 72 mathematics teachers in the LGA. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.77, and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-test statistics at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that AI tools have significant potential to enhance mathematics curriculum quality assurance by identifying curriculum gaps, improving alignment with national standards, enabling real-time updates, and informing evidence-based decisions in curriculum development and review. AI integration was also found to support instructional delivery monitoring by tracking lesson delivery, analyzing student engagement, and providing real-time feedback, as well as evaluation and assessment by generating adaptive test items, offering detailed learning analytics, and delivering personalized feedback. No significant gender differences were observed in teachers’ perceptions across all dimensions, indicating a shared acceptance of AI integration. The study concludes that AI tools can drive data-driven, adaptive, and efficient approaches to curriculum quality assurance when supported by adequate resources, training, and ethical frameworks. It recommends capacity building for teachers, provision of digital infrastructure, policy development for AI integration, and collaborative approaches among stakeholders to ensure effective and sustainable implementation.

WORK HYBRIDIZATION: SIGNIFICANCE FOR SOCIAL WELLBEING WITHIN AFRICAN WORK SYSTEMS

2026-03-15T11:20:09+00:00

The challenge of poor social wellbeing, impedes the healthy development of individuals and groups within organisations. This paper addressed this concern through its focus on work hybridization, assessing its significance for social wellbeing within African work systems. The paper is designed as a theoretical paper, advancing a literature-based perspective on the imperatives of work hybridization in enabling workers the flexibility and relative autonomy required for them to invest not only in the organisation, but also in themselves and their relationship with family and others.
The cognitive dissonance theory was adopted as the theoretical lens and foundation for the paper; emphasizing the implications of dissonance in the individual’s reality and their central or underpinning values. This tenet was applied in understanding the extent to which foreign work systems, imposed on the African, impacts and affects their social behaviour and wellbeing. It was concluded that work hybridization, advances structures support flexibility features that align with the underlying communal needs and values of the African worker, thus contributing to their social needs and that way, enhancing the workers sense of placement and wellbeing.

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-03-27T21:26:23+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between leadership development and organizational performance operationalized through organizational effectiveness and employee retention rate in government ministries in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Dynamic Capabilities Theory and the Human Capital Theory. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted with a target population of 2,764 senior civil servants (Grade Level 08 and above) distributed across 26 government ministries in Rivers State. Using Taro Yamane's sampling formula, 316 usable questionnaire responses were analyzed. Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was employed for hypothesis testing at a 0.05 significance level. Results revealed a moderate positive and statistically significant relationship between leadership development and organizational effectiveness (r = 0.466, p = 0.000), and a moderate-to-strong positive and statistically significant relationship between leadership development and employee retention rate (r = 0.594, p = 0.000). Both null hypotheses were rejected. The study concluded that leadership development is a significant predictor of organizational performance in public sector ministries and recommended the institutionalization of structured leadership development pathways, cross-departmental assignment programs, and competency-based leadership training within Rivers State government ministries.

MARKET ARCHITECTURE, DISCLOSURE, AND THE LIQUIDITY OF UNLISTED PUBLIC SECURITIES: EVIDENCE FROM NASD OTC IN NIGERIA

2026-03-28T22:36:06+00:00

This study examines the market architecture for unlisted public securities in Nigeria. We analyze a distinct segment of the Nigerian capital market in which securities are publicly held and tradable on the NASD OTC Securities Exchange but are not listed on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX). Using institutional analysis and comparative evidence, we show that Nigerian regulation separates formal listing from supervised quotation and secondary-market trading. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires securities of unlisted public companies to trade only on a Commission-approved OTC platform, while NASD supplies the disclosure, trading, surveillance, and settlement infrastructure for that segment. We document the admission pathways, continuing obligations, and trading arrangements that govern this market and compare them with the tiered U.S. OTC market and the United Kingdom’s distinction between the Official List and AIM. The evidence indicates that NASD operates as an intermediate market layer between private illiquidity and full exchange listing. More broadly, the findings suggest that market quality in off-exchange environments depends less on the absence of formal listing than on the strength of disclosure rules, regulatory oversight, and post-trade infrastructure. In the Nigerian setting, the main constraint appears to be incomplete migration of eligible issuers into the regulated OTC framework rather than the absence of an institutional design. The paper contributes to the literature on market design, disclosure regulation, and alternative trading venues by showing how a supervised OTC market can expand transparency and investor protection for unlisted public securities in an emerging market.

PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUT OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-08T21:51:34+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between Performance Management Strategies and Organizational Output of microfinance banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. A correlational research design was adopted, and data were collected from 45 employees across selected microfinance banks using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between performance appraisal and both timeliness and quantity of output. Similarly, Management by Objectives showed a significant positive correlation with both timeliness and quantity of output. This study concludes that Performance Management Strategies namely performance appraisal and management by objectives play a critical role in enhancing Organizational Output in microfinance banks in Rivers State. Specifically, performance appraisal significantly improves both the timeliness and volume of output, while MBO fosters goal clarity and employee engagement, resulting in measurable productivity gains. These results validate the relevance of structured performance management systems in promoting operational efficiency and strategic alignment within financial institutions. The study recommended that managers and policymakers in the microfinance sector should prioritize these techniques as tools for optimizing employee contributions and achieving organizational goals.

IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS ON THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL SCIENCE EDUCATION COURSES AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

2026-04-26T18:20:16+00:00

The study examined the impact of artificial intelligence tools on the teaching of Social Science Education courses among students in public universities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study while two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey research design for this study. The population for the study comprised 103 (59 male and 44 female) Social Science Education lecturers. There was no sampling because the population was manageable. The instrument for data collection was a researcher developed questionnaire titled “Impact of Artificial Intelligence tools in the teaching of Social Science Education in Public Universities Questionnaire (IAITTSSEPUQ)” which contained 16 items. Three experts in Faculty of Education, Federal University Otuoke, validated the instrument which yielded an overall reliability index of 0.82. Mean scores and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses. The study found that ChatGPT and Google Bard significantly impact the teaching of Social Science Education courses in public universities in Bayelsa State. In line with the findings, the researcher recommended among others that University management should provide regular training workshops for lecturers on the effective use of Artificial Intelligence tools such as ChatGPT and Google Bard. This will help them integrate AI more confidently into classroom instruction and research activities.

AN APPRAISAL OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN AFRICA POLITICS, A STUDY OF LIBERIA

2026-04-26T19:37:55+00:00

The Liberia civil war was one of the wars in Africa that shocked the conscience of mankind. The effect of the war on women was more devastating than others. The objectives of this work are to consider the violation of the rights of women in the Liberia civil war, examine the role played by the rebel movement in gender related abuses and find why women are more valuable to rights, violation in armed conflict particularly in Liberia. The term gender denotes the qualities associated with men and women that are socially and currently determined. It includes the way in which society differentiates appropriate behavior and access to power for men and women. The methodology adopted behavior and adopted in this work is based on secondary materials only. Our findings are that women were raped, brutalized and brutally murdered and in some cases abducted and uses as sex slaves.

HR ANALYTICS MATURITY AND DECISION QUALITY IN STRATEGIC WORKFORCE PLANNING: EVIDENCE FROM DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-07T05:54:04+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between HR analytics maturity and decision quality in strategic workforce planning among deposit money banks (DMBs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory and the HR Analytics Maturity Model, the study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The population comprised HR directors, managers, and senior HR officers across 22 licensed deposit money banks operating in Rivers State. A sample of 220 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between HR analytics maturity dimensions data infrastructure quality (r = .612, p < .05), analytical capability (r = .574, p < .05), and strategic alignment of analytics (r = .649, p < .05) and decision quality in strategic workforce planning. Multiple regression results showed that the three dimensions jointly accounted for 61.4% of the variance in decision quality (R² = .614, F(3, 216) = 114.83, p < .001). Strategic alignment of analytics emerged as the strongest predictor (β = .341, p < .001). The study concludes that the maturity of HR analytics infrastructure significantly enhances the quality of workforce planning decisions in Nigerian deposit money banks. It recommends deliberate investment in data infrastructure, upskilling of HR professionals in analytical competencies, and alignment of analytics initiatives with corporate strategy.

EFFECT OF PEER-MEDIATED COUNSELLING ON RESILIENCE AND SCHOOL ADJUSTMENT AMONG ORPHANED AND VULNERABLE ADOLESCENTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2026-05-18T06:02:24+00:00

This study examined the effect of peer-mediated counseling on resilience and school adjustment among orphaned and vulnerable adolescents in Jos metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria. the study was motivated by the increasing psychosocial and academic challenges faced by orphaned and vulnerable children, which often result in low resilience and poor adjustment to school environments. A quasi-experimental research design, specifically the pretest, posttest control group design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of all orphaned and vulnerable adolescents in public secondary schools in Jos metropolis. The sample consisted of 96 adolescents selected from public secondary schools using a multi-stage sampling, purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques assigned to experimental and control groups, over a period of 8 weeks. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled “Peer-Mediated Counselling on Resilience and School Adjustment Questionnaire (PMCRSAQ)” which was validated by experts in Counselling, Educational Psychology, and Research, Measurement and Evaluation in Faculty of Education, University of Jos. The reliability was ensured through Cronbach Alpha method, which gave an index of 0.78. Data collected were analysed using mean, standard deviation, and t-tests at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that peer-mediated counselling had a significant positive effect on both resilience and school adjustment among the students. There were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in favour of the students who participated in the intervention. The study concluded that peer-mediated counselling is an effective and practical intervention for enhancing psychosocial well-being and academic adjustment among orphaned and vulnerable students. It was therefore recommended that schools integrate peer counselling programmes into their guidance services to support vulnerable learners.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE WITH RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE, FLY ASH AND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG

2026-01-23T14:02:24+00:00

In recent years, the demand for construction materials has grown tremendously, likewise the
amount of construction and demolition waste, putting huge pressure on the environment. This has encouraged the use of recycled aggregate in concrete. This research aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of Self-Compacting Concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) in varying percentages of replacement for Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA). A total of 20 concrete mixtures were prepared and tested. Mixtures were divided into five different groups, with different volume fractions of Recycled Concrete Aggregate of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of NCA. The concrete is designed for a water-cement ratio of 0.38. Mixtures were designed with 50% of Portland cement substituted by a combination of class C fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag. The evaluation of concrete properties will include the workability of concrete using a slump test, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength at the ages of 3, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results indicate that replacing the coarse aggregate with high percentages of RCA reduces the workability of the SCC. The addition of 25% FA + 25% SL in place of Portland cement increases the magnitude of the slump flow. The 28-day compressive strength of SCC with 50% SL is 5.3% less than the control. The inclusion of slag had a minimal effect on the 3, 14, and 28-day compressive strength. The optimum Recycled Concrete Aggregate content of 50% shall be used in SelfCompacting Concrete based on the findings of the results.

ENTREPRENEURIAL VALUE CREATION AND MARKETING SUCCESS OF LUXURY HOTELS IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-01-28T09:36:39+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between Entrepreneurial Value Creation and Marketing Success of Luxury Hotels in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Entrepreneurial value creation was operationalized through innovative value and customer value, while marketing success was measured by sales growth and market share growth. The research was anchored on the Resource-Based View (RBV). A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected using structured questionnaire administered to managers and staff of luxury hotels in Port Harcourt. Out of 90 copies of questionnaire distributed, 87 were retrieved, and 84 were found valid for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that innovative value significantly relate with sales growth and market share growth. Similarly, customer value significantly impacts sales growth and, to a lesser degree, market share growth, suggesting that delivering superior experiences, personalized services, and value-for-money enhances patronage and repeat business. The study concluded that entrepreneurial value creation is a critical driver of marketing success in luxury hotels. It recommended that managers prioritize continuous innovation, customer-centered service delivery, staff training, and digital marketing strategies to sustain competitiveness.

ENHANCING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ INTEREST AND PERFORMANCE IN BIOLOGY THROUGH FUNCTIONAL PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN JALINGO METROPOLIS

2026-02-08T11:49:34+00:00

ABSTRACT
Recognizing on going struggles with students’ interest and performance in Biology, this study explored whether AI-supported teaching methods could offer a meaningful solution in Jalingo Metropolis, Taraba State. The research was guided by two research questions and respective null hypotheses, using a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group approach. From a population of 3,469 Senior Secondary School Two (SSS2) students, a sample size of 184 was drawn from five randomly selected schools through simple random sampling technique. Data came from a Biology Performance Test (BPT) and a specially developed Biology Interest Inventory (BII). Descriptive statistics of Mean and Standard Deviation addressed the research questions, while inferential statistics of ANCOVA tested the hypotheses. Findings revealed that students who experienced AI-enhanced lessons showed stronger interest and performed better than those taught through conventional methods. The study recommends that teachers receive proper training in AI tools and that the curriculum be updated to reflect this shift toward more dynamic, technology-enhanced learning.

INCENTIVES AND WORKERS PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF NESTLÉ NIGERIA COMPANY, PORT HARCOURT

2026-02-08T23:26:02+00:00

This study investigates the relationship between incentives and employee performance at Nestlé
Nigeria Company in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The research aims to determine how both financial
and non-financial incentives contribute to enhancing employee motivation, productivity, and
overall organizational performance. Guided by theories such as Vroom’s Expectancy Theory,
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, and the Equity Theory, the study adopts a descriptive-correlational
design using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected from 250 Nestlé employees across
various departments through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews.
Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple
regression, while qualitative responses were subjected to thematic analysis. The results reveal
that financial incentives—such as salary increments, bonuses, and allowances—have a significant
positive effect on employee performance. Non-financial incentives—such as recognition, career
advancement opportunities, training, and a supportive work environment also positively influence
job satisfaction and long-term commitment. The study further finds that a combination of both
financial and non-financial incentives yields the highest performance outcomes. Key challenges
identified include perceived inequities in reward distribution and limited communication about
incentive policies. The research concludes that Nestlé Nigeria can enhance workforce performance
and reduce turnover by strengthening transparent and equitable incentive structures

THE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTHE IMPACT OF POOR INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA. TURAL FACILITIES ON THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS EDUCATION IN NIGERIA.

2026-02-20T23:03:44+00:00

This study investigated the impact of poor infrastructural facilities on the quality of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Guided by three research questions and hypotheses, an ex post facto (causal-comparative) research design was adopted. The population comprised 18,740 lecturers and students of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions, from which a sample of 392 respondents (72 lecturers and 320 students) was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between infrastructural facilities and the quality of Business Education: ICT facilities (r = 0.652, p < 0.05), electricity supply (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), and physical learning facilities (r = 0.601, p < 0.05). Regression results indicated that these variables jointly accounted for 53.6% of the variance (R² = 0.536) in Business Education quality, with ICT exerting the strongest influence (β = 0.412). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructural facilities significantly hinder teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and skill acquisition in Business Education. It recommended increased funding, stronger public–private partnerships, stable power supply, and the prioritization of ICT integration and facility maintenance to improve Business Education quality in Nigeria.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS TO INCLUSIVE AND ACCESSIBLE EDUCATION IN BAYELSA STATE

2026-03-03T15:08:30+00:00

The integration of emerging technological trends into educational systems presents a transformative

potential for fostering inclusivity and accessibility, particularly for marginalized learner populations.

This paper explored the current and potential contributions of these technologies to inclusive

education within the unique socio-economic and geographical context of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

Characterized by its riverine terrain, dispersed communities, and infrastructural challenges, Bayelsa

faces significant barriers to educational equity for students with disabilities, those in remote areas,

and other vulnerable groups. Using data sourced from both primary and secondary sources, this

study examined the role of key technological innovations—including mobile learning (m-learning),

assistive technologies (e.g., text-to-speech software, screen readers), adaptive learning platforms,

and low-bandwidth online resources—in overcoming these obstacles. The study used the

Constructivist Learning Theory as template for analysis. Findings indicate that while initiatives

utilizing basic mobile technology have improved access to educational content in some hard-to-

reach communities, the widespread adoption of more advanced assistive and adaptive technologies

remains nascent, hindered by inadequate infrastructure (electricity and internet connectivity), high

costs, and a lack of specialized teacher training. The paper recommended for leveraging mobile-

first AI tutors, expansion of offline digital libraries with Virtual Reality (VR), implementation of

assistive technology hubs, and the building of a data-driven early warning system. It concluded that

a multi-stakeholder approach involving government, private sector, and non-governmental

organizations is crucial. Strategic investments in digital infrastructure, context-specific teacher

professional development, and the localisation of assistive technologies are essential to fully harness

these emerging trends, thereby ensuring that technological advancements translate into tangible,

equitable, and accessible educational outcomes for all learners in Bayelsa State.

TELEPHONE/MOBILE NETWORK GADGET AND ADEQUATE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION IN SELECTED TELECOMMUNICATION FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-03-06T10:56:39+00:00

The study examined telephone/ mobile n networks gadgets and adequate information dissemination in selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. The study was anchored on Information/Innovation Diffusion Theory by Rogers, 1962. The exploratory research design was adopted which necessitated the test of hypotheses. The population of the study was 114 employees working in the head office of the selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. The entire population of 114 employees from four (4) telecommunication firms in Rivers State was used as the study sample. Hence, the study was a census study. A total of 114 questionnaire were administered by the researcher while 80 were copies retrieved. Simple percentage and Pie chart was used for the univariate analysis while Chi-Square (X²) was employed in the bivariate analysis. The following findings were made: there is a significant relationship between office manager’s use of telephone/mobile network and adequate dissemination of information in selected telecommunication firms in Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study, it was therefore, recommended among other things that Office managers should endevour to have telephone/mobile networks in their offices to enable accurate and adequate dissemination of information; Office managers should embark on seminar/workshops that will enable them learn to use the internet network proficiently in sourcing for information; finally, the researcher recommends that office managers should upgrade with the modern trend in the use of computer network as to effectively keep records in the office.

BRAND IDENTITY AND CONSUMER CHOICE OF BOTTLED WATER MANUFACTURING FIRMA IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-03-06T12:06:26+00:00

It is common for companies to use strategies of branding in order to communicate their identity and their value to potential consumers and stakeholders. To this end; this study examined the relationship between brand identity and consumer choice of bottled water manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. The study drawing from its objectives tested three (3) hypotheses. The population of the study consists of 110 registered bottled water producers gotten from Water Producers Association of Nigeria (WAPAN) Rivers State Chapter. The sample size of 86 was derived through Krejcie and Morgan sampling technique. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The hypotheses formulated were tested through the spearman rank order correlation co-efficient with the aid Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0The result of the findings showed a significant relationship between brand identity and consumer choice of bottled water.The study therefore concluded that; Brand identity plays a vital role in ensuring that the product stands out among competitive products. The study recommends that; Bottled water manufacturing firms should produce qualitative brands; they should create a positive image of their brands by producing products that will stand the taste of time and also they should use eye catching graphics to design their brands.

TEACHERS’ ASSESSMENT LITERACY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN RIVERS STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS

2026-03-07T16:40:16+00:00

This study examined the influence of teachers’ assessment literacy on students’ academic performance in Rivers State secondary schools. The research employed a descriptive survey design, targeting 300 secondary school teachers and 900 students selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire for teachers and students’ academic performance records. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that teachers possessed a moderate level of assessment literacy, with stronger knowledge of assessment principles but weaker skills in analyzing assessment data and applying results to instruction. Students in schools with highly assessment-literate teachers performed better academically than those in schools with lower teacher assessment literacy. A strong positive and significant relationship (r = 0.68, p < 0.05) was found between teachers’ assessment literacy and students’ academic performance. Key challenges faced by teachers included inadequate training, large class sizes, time constraints, limited resources, and insufficient administrative support. The study concluded that enhancing teachers’ assessment literacy and addressing systemic challenges are crucial for improving student learning outcomes.

Recommendations include targeted professional development, provision of assessment resources, reduction of class sizes, and strengthened administrative support to optimize assessment practices.

EMPLOYEES’ PAY DETERMINATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS OF RIVERS STATE GOVERNMENT MININSTRIES

2026-03-25T12:49:06+00:00

This study examined employees’ pay determination and organizational success of Rivers State Government Ministries. The study sought to determine the relationship between skills/qualification and operational efficiency, examine the relationship between job complexity/responsibility and financial performance and to examine the relationship between experiences and innovation/adaptability. The research hypotheses are in line with the specific objectives. This study was anchored on two theories, Vroom Expectancy Theory and Efficiency Wage Theory. Cross-sectional survey research design was adopted. The population of this analysis consists of 793 employees - Directors, deputy directors, assistant directors and engineers from the Rivers State Government Ministries. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire, the instrument was validated by dissertation supervisor. The data were presented and analyzed, statistical tool used for testing their associated hypotheses were Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis formula with statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. The findings show that at level significance 0.05, that employee pay determination and organizational success has a significant relationship. The study concluded that employee pay determination positively relate to organizational success of Rivers State Government Ministries. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Rivers State Government Ministries should in-house employees with skills and qualifications that enable the ministries to evaluate educational background, technical expertise, experience, and other relevant competencies that determine employees’ operational efficiency as well their pay monthly or annually.

WORK DISCRETION AND ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN RIVERS STATE , NIGERIA

2026-03-28T21:41:19+00:00

This study examined the relationship between work discretion and two key measures of organisational innovativeness: product innovativeness and process innovativeness, in deposit money banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Grounded in Kanter's Structural Empowerment Theory and adopting a positivist philosophical framework, the study employed a correlational cross-sectional survey design. A census sampling approach was utilised, purposively selecting five managerial staff from each of the twenty deposit money banks with operational branches in Port Harcourt metropolis, yielding a total sample size of 100 respondents. Primary data were gathered through a validated and reliable structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistic was deployed to test two null hypotheses. Results showed that work discretion had a significant, positive, and moderate relationship with product innovativeness (r = .446, p = .000 < .05) and an insignificant positive relationship with process innovativeness (r = .128, p = .203 > .05). The study concluded that work discretion is a veritable driver of product innovativeness in Nigerian deposit money banks but does not significantly predict process innovativeness within the same context. Recommendations were made for deposit money bank management to broaden the scope of employee autonomy in both product design and process reconfiguration.

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE, ACADEMIC SELF-CONCEPT, AND COGNITIVE OVERLOAD AMONG TERTIARY STUDENTS IN RIVER STATE UNIVERSITIES

2026-03-29T06:14:49+00:00

This study examined the relationship between social media usage, academic self-concept, and cognitive overload among tertiary students in Rivers State universities. The study adopted a quantitative approach using a correlational research design. The population comprised undergraduate students, from which a sample of 400 respondents was selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Social Media Usage, Academic Self-Concept, and Cognitive Overload Questionnaire (SMUASCOQ).” The instrument was validated by experts, and reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.82, 0.85, and 0.88 for the respective variables. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between social media usage and cognitive overload, indicating that increased engagement with social media contributes to higher levels of mental strain among students. The study also found a significant negative relationship between academic self-concept and cognitive overload, suggesting that students with stronger academic self-beliefs experience lower cognitive burden. Furthermore, the combined influence of social media usage and academic self-concept significantly predicted cognitive overload, accounting for a substantial proportion of variance in students’ cognitive experiences. The study concluded that cognitive overload among tertiary students is influenced by both digital behavior and psychological factors. It emphasized the need for balanced social media usage and the development of positive academic self-concept to enhance cognitive efficiency and academic performance. The study recommended that students adopt regulated social media habits, while institutions implement strategies to promote academic confidence and reduce digital distractions.

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, AND RURAL LIVELIHOOD IN NIGERIA: A GEOGRAPHER'S PERSPECTIVE

2026-04-16T17:41:13+00:00

The study examined the role of Indigenous knowledge, environmental sustainability, and rural livelihood in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on its contributions to soil conservation, water management, climate adaptation, and livelihood diversification across different ecological zones. The aim was to assess the relevance, strengths, and limitations of indigenous knowledge systems in addressing contemporary environmental challenges while identifying opportunities for their integration with modern scientific approaches. Findings revealed that indigenous practices are highly context-specific, culturally embedded, and effective in enhancing environmental management and community resilience; however, their continued relevance is constrained by modernization, inadequate documentation, and limited incorporation into formal policy frameworks. The study concludes that indigenous knowledge remains a valuable and practical resource for sustainable environmental management and rural development in Nigeria, but its long-term effectiveness depends on proper preservation and integration with modern systems. It is therefore recommended that government agencies and policymakers integrate indigenous knowledge into environmental and development policies, that systematic documentation be carried out through research institutions and digital platforms to preserve and disseminate such knowledge.

DECOLONIZATION OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE CREATIVITY, INNOVATION AND GLOBAL COMPETIVENESS

2026-04-26T18:55:05+00:00

This paper examines decolonization of university education for sustainable creativity, innovation and global competitiveness. The abstract outlines on reshaping Nigerian university education by moving away from inherited Western models and toward a decolonized framework that fosters sustainable innovation and global competitiveness. The introduction establishes that current curricula often neglect indigenous knowledge systems, leaving graduates ill-equipped to solve local problems or compete meaningfully on global platforms. The literature review examines existing scholarship on colonial legacies in African education, highlighting how imported pedagogies suppress creativity and contextual relevance. Key issues identified include over-reliance on foreign theories, poor integration of local languages and technologies, limited research into indigenous solutions, and a disconnect between university outputs and Nigeria’s developmental needs. The paper then suggests practical steps: redesigning core courses to include Nigerian case studies and traditional problem-solving methods; promoting research partnerships with local industries and communities; adopting flexible assessment systems that reward innovation over rote memorization and training lecturers in decolonial pedagogies. The conclusion affirms that decolonization does not mean rejecting global knowledge but rather balancing it with homegrown perspectives. When Nigerian universities lead with their own cultural and intellectual resources, they produce graduates who drive sustainable innovation , create solar alternatives to diesel generators, biomaterials from local plants and fintech solutions for unbanked populations. This approach enhances global competitiveness by offering unique, context-smart innovations rather than copying Western models. Ultimately, decolonizing the university is not symbolic; it is a strategic necessity for Nigeria to compete on its own terms while solving real local challenges sustainably.

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2026-04-26T20:10:54+00:00

This study examines the relationship between government expenditure and economic development in Nigeria, against the backdrop of persistent fiscal inefficiencies, corruption, and weak accountability that have limited the impact of rising public spending on citizens’ welfare. Despite increased government expenditure over the years, Nigeria continues to experience high poverty, unemployment, and inadequate access to basic services, raising concerns about the effectiveness of fiscal policy in driving development. Anchored on Wagner’s theory of increasing state activity and Keynesian theory, the study specifically investigates the impact of capital expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the period 2001–2020. Using a correlational and ex-post facto research design, secondary time-series data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and related statistical publications, and analyzed using regression techniques. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between capital expenditure and GDP, indicating that public investment contributes to economic growth. Similarly, capital expenditure shows a significant relationship with HDI, suggesting its relevance in improving human development outcomes. However, no significant relationship was found between capital expenditure and CPI, implying limited influence on price stability. The study concludes that while capital expenditure plays a vital role in enhancing economic growth and human development, its effectiveness is constrained by inefficiencies in public financial management. It therefore recommends improved monitoring, transparency, and strategic allocation of public funds toward productive sectors to ensure sustainable economic development in Nigeria.

INFLUENCE OF RELIGION ON SOCIAL COHESION IN MULTI-ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA

2026-05-07T06:32:01+00:00

Research Question: The current study aimed to shed light on the loss of social cohesion among the heterogeneous communities in Nigeria, especially in the context of religious affiliation that is becoming more and more intertwined with ethnic identity and urban settlement patterns to shape social trust, intergroup relations, and collective identity. The research tried to deconstruct the role of religion in cohesion in both Northern and Southern Nigeria and to determine whether religious institutions are more integration agents or division agents. Procedure: Data were obtained using a range of secondary sources, such as textbooks, peer-reviewed journal articles, policy documents, and credible reports based on the qualitative research design based on the Social Identity Theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1979). These were systematically content analysed to draw common themes pertaining to identity politics, spatial segregation and religious mobilisation. Result: The results show that religious identity has significant effect on social categorisation processes, which solidifies in-group solidarity and undermines out-group trust, especially in conflict-prone northern metropolises. The ethno-religious segregation is frequently reflected in the patterns of urban settlement, thus limiting the contact between the groups and making them more suspicious of each other. A relatively tolerant climate is present in Southern Nigeria, but indigene-settler politics and elite manipulation of identity remain a source of cohesion. The religious institutions have two facets: there are those actors who deepen divisions by using politicised rhetoric, and there are those who support reconciliation by interfaith dialogue and community-based peace efforts. Conclusion: Religion is not necessarily divisive or necessarily integrative; the effects of religion depend on governance systems, framing of leadership, and the presence of constructive opportunities of intergroup contact. Recommendation: The paper suggests inclusive city planning, systematic interfaith dialogue, and specific governance reforms to reduce identity-based political manipulation, which will help to promote long-term social cohesion.

OPPORTUNITY RECOGNITION CAPABILITY AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF START-UP FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE.

2026-05-19T21:30:07+00:00

This study examined the relationship between opportunity recognition capability and business success of start-up firms in Rivers State. Opportunity recognition capability was conceptualised through three dimensions: environmental scanning capability, entrepreneurial alertness, and information processing capability, while business success was measured using profitability, market growth, and business sustainability. The study addressed three research questions and tested three corresponding null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a population comprising registered start-up firms operating across key sectors within Rivers State. Using purposive sampling, data were collected via a structured questionnaire administered to 120 founders and managerial staff involved in strategic decision-making. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient with the aid of statistical software. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between environmental scanning capability and profitability (r = .702, p < .01), entrepreneurial alertness and market growth (r = .685, p < .01), as well as information processing capability and business sustainability (r = .721, p < .01). The study concludes that opportunity recognition capability is a critical determinant of business success among start-up firms. It is recommended that entrepreneurs strengthen their environmental scanning practices by continuously monitoring market trends to enhance profitability, improving entrepreneurial alertness through training and exposure to opportunity identification processes to drive market growth; and developing strong information processing systems to support informed decision-making and ensure long-term business sustainability.